Master of Science / Department of Landscape Architecture, Regional and Community Planning / Stephanie Rolley / The City of Emerado, North Dakota, population 414, located in northeast North Dakota is the subject of a Social Network Analysis (SNA), conducted prior to it being the subject of a University of North Dakota Center for Community Engagement, Community Connect Forum. The SNA was developed based on the results of 25 interviews conducted with local residents, elected officials and business owners, using snowball sampling and following grounded theory methods. The interview results were coded and memos were written to aid in the analysis. Social Network data was entered into the Sentinel Visualizer software (FMS Advanced Systems Group) to develop a visual image of the network, including nodes (people, organizations or businesses) and links to illustrate the relationships between nodes. The SNA helps to frame the relationships in terms of bridging and bonding social capital. The SNA provides the ability to mathematically determine the most important nodes to the community social network, using calculations to determine levels of degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, Eigenvalue, and network density. After calculating these elements, categorical descriptions of the top ten individuals for each category are provided. The networks of five individuals are reviewed in depth to aid in comprehending the process of incrementally expanding networks.

L’objectif de cette thèse est de recenser les critères qui permettent de donner sens aux oeuvres d’art contemporain dans l’espace public. Lors des conflits d’opinions, les protagonistes sont amenés à monter en généralité pour justifier leur point de vue, ce qui permet au chercheur d’avoir accès aux valeurs qui confèrent un sens à l’objet. Cependant, l’emprise du discours promotionnel du monde de l’art contemporain et les contraintes ayant transformé la critique d’art en un journalisme désengagé et consensuel rendent problématique la légitimité d’une critique négative dans l’espace public. L’enquête a d’abord porté sur les sujets développés par les journaux télévisés sur l’art contemporain afin d’appréhender les critères mobilisés par ce journalisme de communication qui tente de satisfaire la variété des valeurs admises par la société. Par la suite, les disputes des profanes sur le réseau social YouTube ont été analysées. Celles-ci donnent accès à une prise de parole libérée des contraintes du monde de l’art et du journalisme permettant à des critiques négatives de s’exprimer. Grâce à une sociologie des valeurs et une analyse du discours, il fut possible de typifier les arguments recevables dans l’espace public.Cette typification permet d’énoncer l’hypothèse que le sens politique donné à l’art désamorce, paradoxalement, la possibilité d’une polémique. Cette politisation de l’art favorise des critères d’évaluation des oeuvres dont la cohérence apparaît en considérant l’insolite comme une nouvelle catégorie esthétique commune à différentes pratiques culturelles. / The purpose of this thesis is to identify criteria to understand how contemporary artworks make sense in public space. When conflict of opinions happen, protagonists are led to rise in generality to justify their point of view, which allows the researcher to access at values giving a meaning to the object. However, the influence of the promotional discourse from the contemporary art world and the constraints that transformed art criticism in a journalism disengaged and consensual make problematic the legitimacy of a negative critique in the public space. First, the research focused on the subjects covered by newscast about contemporary art in order to understand criteria raised by this communication journalism that tries to satisfy the variety of accepted values by society. Then, disputes on the social network YouTube were analyzed. These give access to a speech freed from the constraints of the art world and journalism where the expression of a negative critique is possible. Thanks to sociology of values and a discourse analysis, it was possible to typify the receivable arguments in the public sphere. This patterning allows to state the hypothesis that the political meaning given to art defuses, paradoxically, the possibility of controversy. This politicization of art promotes evaluation criteria of artworks whose consistency appears considering the ‘‘insolite’’ as a new aesthetic category common to different cultural practices.

Submitted by PATRICIA DA CRUZ OLIVEIRA null (patricia_ufpel@hotmail.com) on 2017-01-12T08:16:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Patricia.pdf: 9734202 bytes, checksum: 8779e15456d95dea7598724afb2a77b5 (MD5) / Rejected by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo a orientação abaixo: O arquivo submetido está sem a ficha catalográfica. A versão submetida por você é considerada a versão final da dissertação/tese, portanto não poderá ocorrer qualquer alteração em seu conteúdo após a aprovação. Corrija esta informação e realize uma nova submissão com o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-01-16T15:09:46Z (GMT) / Submitted by PATRICIA DA CRUZ OLIVEIRA null (patricia_ufpel@hotmail.com) on 2017-01-16T15:47:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Final Patricia.pdf: 9755303 bytes, checksum: a9396898849593b6e607fe2e2d7a39ba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-01-17T17:20:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_pc_me_rcla.pdf: 9570600 bytes, checksum: e3ea629a6312856fcb344fb2c7c58e23 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-17T17:20:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_pc_me_rcla.pdf: 9570600 bytes, checksum: e3ea629a6312856fcb344fb2c7c58e23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-16 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Nesta pesquisa investigou-se tanto a importância, como a natureza e proporção das trocas de mercadorias, proporcionadas através do Facebook, e realizadas na cidade de Pelotas-RS, a partir da intrínseca relação entre o espaço virtual e o espaço concreto. Assim, a presente pesquisa foi construída em três momentos principais: 1) a discussão sobre o contexto atual, marcado, a nosso ver, pelos preceitos trazidos pela hipermodernidade; 2) algumas considerações acerca dos estudos referentes ao comércio e ao consumo no contexto histórico e geográfico; e, 3) um estudo de caso na cidade de Pelotas-RS sobre as relações comerciais estabelecidas a partir do SRS Facebook. Para tanto, foi utilizado o método dialético, e o estudo de caso se deu a partir dos grupos de trocas de mercadorias da cidade de Pelotas-RS presentes no Facebook, bem como de quatro eventos realizados na mesma cidade, organizados e divulgados, em grande medida, através do Facebook: a “Feira do Rolo”, o “Fotroca”, o “Piquenique Cultural” e o “Sofá na Rua”. Como resultados, pudemos constatar a importância do Facebook, e das TIC’s de forma geral, enquanto ferramentas de organização e divulgação, para as relações de trocas proporcionadas a partir dos grupos pesquisados e para a realização dos eventos investigados, bem como para os participantes. Outro resultado importante refere-se ao uso e ocupação dos espaços públicos urbanos a partir dos eventos investigados, bem como a espacialização das trocas de mercadorias na cidade de Pelotas-RS iniciadas nos grupos presentes no Facebook. / In this research we investigated the relevance, the nature and the proportion of the trade of goods made possible by Facebook done in the city of Pelotas – RS by the intrinsic relationship of the concrete and virtual space. Thus, the present research was built in three moments: 1) the discussion about the present context; 2) considerations regarding the study of the trade and consumption of goods through the lens of historical and geographical context; and, 3) a case study in the city of Pelotas-RS about the commercial relationships established by SNW Facebook. To accomplish the case study, the dialectic method was employed and the study was based on Facebook groups dedicated to the trade of goods in the city of Pelotas-RS as well as four events in the same city that were organized and disclosed in its majority using Facebook: “Feira do Rolo”, “Fotroca”, “Piquenique Cultural” and “Sofá na Rua”. In terms of results, it was possible to evidence how Facebook and ICTs in general provide means for organization and disclosure in a way that profoundly influences the relations of trade provided by the researched groups as well as the concretization of the investigated events and the participation of the attendees. Another relevant result relates to the use and occupation of public urban spaces for the investigated events, as well as the spacial distribution of the trade of goods in the city of Pelotas-RS started in Facebook groups.

Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-04-17T17:50:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 jessicafaciroli.pdf: 4444017 bytes, checksum: abe3e6ddfe30914227e7d32dab33489c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-04-20T12:54:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 jessicafaciroli.pdf: 4444017 bytes, checksum: abe3e6ddfe30914227e7d32dab33489c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-20T12:54:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jessicafaciroli.pdf: 4444017 bytes, checksum: abe3e6ddfe30914227e7d32dab33489c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-16 / Diversos estudos têm evidenciado a importância dos efeitos da social network na participação de programas de transferência de renda. Nesse contexto, esse estudo tem por objetivo analisar empiricamente os efeitos da social network na probabilidade de uma família participar do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF). A network foi construída com base no estudo de Aizer & Currie (2004), usando famílias beneficiárias e não beneficiárias do PBF, que vivem no mesmo Código de Endereço Postal (CEP) e que são do mesmo grupo racial. O mecanismo atrelado ao efeito que se deseja mensurar é o de que essa social network pode ser determinante para que as famílias não beneficiárias do PBF aprendam sobre os critérios, elegibilidades e condicionalidades do programa com seus vizinhos do mesmo grupo racial, por meio do compartilhamento das informações. Como estratégia empírica, utilizou-se o método Logit com efeitos fixos, sendo as informações das famílias extraídas no Cadastro Único para os anos de 2013 até 2015. Os principais resultados obtidos evidenciam que a social network impacta positivamente na probabilidade de participação da família no PBF. Mesmo quando se controlam as características não observadas das famílias e a interação com a disponibilidade de contatos, o efeito da social network permanece positivo e significativo. Esses resultados sugerem a existência de uma aprendizagem local no PBF, em que os não beneficiários que vivem em áreas onde têm muitos beneficiários serão mais propensos a se informarem e, consequentemente, se tornarem beneficiários do PBF. / Several studies have evidenced the importance of the social network's effects on the participation of income transfer programs. In this context, this study aims to empirically analyze the effects of the social network on the probability of a family participating in the Bolsa Familia Program (PBF). The network was constructed based on the study of Aizer & Currie (2004), using beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries families of the PBF, who live in the same postal address code (CEP) and are of the same racial group. The mechanism linked to the effect to be measured is that this social network can be determinant for the non-beneficiaries families of the PBF to learn about the program's criteria, eligibilities and conditionalities with its neighbors of the same racial group, by sharing the information. As an empirical strategy, the Logit Method with fixed effects was used, with the information of the families extracted in the “Cadastro Único” for the years 2013 to 2015. The main results obtained show that the social network has a positive impact on the probability of family participation in the PBF. Even when controlling the unobserved characteristics of the families and the interaction with the availability of contacts, the social network effect remains positive and significant. These results suggest that there is local learning in the PBF, where non-beneficiaries living in areas where they have many beneficiaries will be more likely to become aware of and thus become beneficiaries of the PBF.

With increasing demand for social network based activities, it is very important to understand not only the structural properties of social networks but also how social networks form, to better exploit their promise and potential. We believe the existing methods and tools for social network analysis have a major inadequacy: they do not capture the behavior (such as rationality and intelligence) of individuals nor do they model the strategic interactions that occur among these individuals. Game theory is a natural tool to overcome this inadequacy since it provides rigorous mathematical models of strategic interaction among autonomous, intelligent, and rational agents. This thesis brings out how a game theoretic approach helps analyze social networks better. In particular, we study three contemporary and pertinent problems in social networks using a game theoretic approach: determining influential individuals for viral marketing, community detection, and social network formation. The first problem deals with determining influential nodes in social networks for diffusion of information. We present an efficient heuristic algorithm (SPIN) to this problem based on cooperative game theoretic techniques. The running time of SPIN is independent of the number of influential nodes to be determined. Moreover, unlike the popular benchmark algorithms, the proposed method works well with both submodular and non-submodular objective functions for diffusion of information. In the second problem, we design a novel game theoretic approach to partition a given undirected, unweighted graph into dense subgraphs (or communities). The approach is based on determining a Nash stable partition which is a pure strategy Nash equilibrium of an appropriately defined strategic form game. In the proposed graph partitioning game, the nodes of the graph are the players and the strategy of a node is to decide to which community it ought to belong. The utility of each node is defined to depend entirely on the node’s local neighborhood. A Nash stable partition (NSP) of this game is a partition consisting of communities such that no node has incentive to defect from its community to any other community. Given any graph, we prove that an NSP always exists and we also derive a lower bound on the fraction of intra-community edges in any NSP. Our approach leads to an efficient heuristic algorithm to detect communities in social networks with the additional feature of automatically determining the number of communities. The focus of the third problem is to understand the patterns behind the evolution of social networks that helps in predicting the likely topologies of social networks. The topology of social networks plays a crucial role in determining the outcomes in several social and economic situations such as trading networks, recommendation networks. We approach the problem of topology prediction in networks by defining a game theoretic model, which we call value function -allocation rule model, that considers four determinants of network formation. This model uses techniques from both cooperative game theory and non-cooperative game theory. We characterize the topologies of networks that are in equilibrium and/or socially efficient. Finally, we study the tradeoffs between equilibrium networks and efficient networks.

This diploma thesis deals with the matter of internal communication methods from the point of view of today's young generation, so called generation Y. It aims on the enterprise social networks. The thesis is divided into the two common parts: the theory and the research. In the theoretical part there is a brief introduction into the field of internal communication; and the communication methods are put into the process of Communication. Further the specific methods for internal communication are introduced. The segment of enterprise social networks as a new way within the internal communication is introduced further mote. The research is connected to the theoretical part and focuses on the position of the generation Y to their potential usage of enterprise social media in internal communication within a certain company. This research is in compliance with the proposed strategy.

This master thesis deals with the field of possibilities of using social networks to increase competitiveness. In first part there are theoretically explained terms such as social network, social media and then there is described possibility to use social networks in business. The thesis includes theoretical treatment procedure entry of the company on social networks and describes appropriate monitoring and analyzing tools. The practical part is focused on dance club Beton, there are made the critical analysis of current attitudes of the club forward to social network, competitive analysis and comparison between Beton's and competitor's social network activities. The last part is devoted to selection appropriate monitoring tool and designed a social media monitoring system.

Tato diplomová práce navazuje na bakalářskou práci, ve které byl vytvořen model důvěry pro sociální síť Facebook. Do tohoto modelu jsou zapracovány připomínky z konference UMAP 2013 a ověřena jeho škálovatelnost a flexibilita. V další části práce jsou uvedeny základní termíny z psychologie osobnosti a zkoumána závislost důvěry na osobnosti uživatele. Je vybrán model Big Five k reprezentaci charakteru uživatele a navržen dotazník, u nějž bude zkoumána korelace s modelem důvěry. Tato korelace je na základě sociologických poznatků odhadnuta a později ověřena na reálných uživatelích sociální sítě Facebook.

This diploma thesis is focusing on description of processing social network analysis, design and implementation of a model that simulates a particular social network and its analysis. Social networks are modern and very used in this time. They are very good point for exploring. This project deal with static analysis social network, where social network is constructed by graph. We nd out di erent properties of single component and than we establish signi cance of them. Relationships between components are important too for us, because they have a big influence on propagation information in network. Structural properties figure out existence of di fferent communities. We simulate social network with multi-agent systems, they are desirable for represent changes in network. Multi-agent systems have implemented a simulation model that represents a particular social network. His behaviour was analyzed and examinated by chosen methods.

<div>Representation learning (RL) for social networks facilitates real-world tasks such as visualization, link prediction and friend recommendation. Many methods have been proposed in this area to learn continuous low-dimensional embedding of nodes, edges or relations in social and information networks. However, most previous network RL methods neglect social signals, such as textual communication between users (nodes). Unlike more typical binary features on edges, such as post likes and retweet actions, social signals are more varied and contain ambiguous information. This makes it more challenging to incorporate them into RL methods, but the ability to quantify social signals should allow RL methods to better capture the implicit relationships among real people in social networks. Second, most previous work in network RL has focused on learning from homogeneous networks (i.e., single type of node, edge, role, and direction) and thus, most existing RL methods cannot capture the heterogeneous nature of relationships in social networks. Based on these identified gaps, this thesis aims to study the feasibility of incorporating heterogeneous information, e.g., texts, attributes, multiple relations and edge types (directions), to learn more accurate, fine-grained network representations. </div><div> </div><div>In this dissertation, we discuss a preliminary study and outline three major works that aim to incorporate textual interactions to improve relational representation learning. The preliminary study learns a joint representation that captures the textual similarity in content between interacting nodes. The promising results motivate us to pursue broader research on using social signals for representation learning. The first major component aims to learn explicit node and relation embeddings in social networks. Traditional knowledge graph (KG) completion models learn latent representations of entities and relations by interpreting them as translations operating on the embedding of the entities. However, existing approaches do not consider textual communications between users, which contain valuable information to provide meaning and context for social relationships. We propose a novel approach that incorporates textual interactions between each pair of users to improve representation learning of both users and relationships. The second major component focuses on analyzing how users interact with each other via natural language content. Although the data is interconnected and dependent, previous research has primarily focused on modeling the social network behavior separately from the textual content. In this work, we model the data in a holistic way, taking into account the connections between the social behavior of users and the content generated when they interact, by learning a joint embedding over user characteristics and user language. In the third major component, we consider the task of learning edge representations in social networks. Edge representations are especially beneficial as we need to describe or explain the relationships, activities, and interactions among users. However, previous work in this area lack well-defined edge representations and ignore the relational signals over multiple views of social networks, which typically contain multi-view contexts (due to multiple edge types) that need to be considered when learning the representation. We propose a new methodology that captures asymmetry in multiple views by learning well-defined edge representations and incorporates textual communications to identify multiple sources of social signals that moderate the impact of different views between users.</div>