For those individuals who committed serious crimes, treatment often shows lack of positive effects in terms of social, psychological and behavioral change (Latessa, Cullen & Gendreau, 2002). Not only is the treatment high in cost, but sometimes also results in negative outcomes through the deterioration of an individual’s behavior, as well as their social and psychological function. Due to the goals and values in society, there is a requirement that the human services and treatment organizations can provide a concise image regarding the extent of given interventions but also whether their efficient in terms of improving the individuals’ over all wellbeing. The overall aim with this study is to investigate how treatment within prison settings is distributed in terms of promoting positive changing processes through daily around-the-clock activities. This study has a qualitative approach where the data has been conducted through interviews with the staff at T-unit, Kumla prison. The result shows that the treatment is practiced in accordance with the risk, need and responsivity model. However, there is a lack of interaction between the prison officer’s and the inmate’s which prevent the specific treatment to connect with the daily activities which in turn prevent a positive socialization process to occur. / För de personer som har begått allvarliga brott, visar behandling ofta på föga effekter i form av sociala, psykologiska och beteendemässiga förändringar (Latessa, Cullen & Gendreau, 2002). Behandlingen innebär inte enbart höga ekonomiska kostnader men resulterar också ibland i negativa resultat genom en försämring av en individs beteende i form av dennes sociala och psykologiska funktion. På grund av de mål och värden som finns i samhället, finns det krav på att människobehandlande organisationer ska tillhandahålla en koncis bild gällande omfattningen av deras insatser men även huruvida dessa insatser är effektiva i form av att förbättra enskilda individers mående. Det övergripande syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur behandling, genom en dygnet runt process i en anstaltsmiljö, bedrivs för att främja positiva förändringsprocesser. Denna studie har en kvalitativ ansats där intervjuer har genomförts med personalen på T-huset, Kumla anstalt. Resultatet visar att behandlingen utövas i enlighet med risk, behov och responsivitetsmodellen. Dock finns det en brist på interaktion mellan kriminalvårdarna och de intagna vilket hindrar den specifika behandlingen från att knyta an till de dagliga aktiviteterna vilket i sin tur hindrar en positiv socialisationsprocess.

This research is to probe into the political attitude and the values of the female collegians, and take the Tainan Woman¡¦s College of Arts & Technology for example which only recruited females. The research on plural educational systems and different ages hopes to understand the life and the learning experience of the students from the way of the students¡¦ political socialization including the different backgrounds.(families, schools, mass media and peer-groups .) by using a questionnaire survey. We hope the results of this research can be the references of the schools and education. The major results are as follows: 1.The relations between the parents¡¦ occupation and the family socialization are large. 2.There was no significant difference on the family authority types between different grades. 3.There was no significant difference on the family discipline methods between different grades. 4.There was no significant difference on the family politics between different grades. 5.The school socialization is related to the educational systems, genders, the educational background of the mothers and the parents¡¦ occupation. 6.The relations between the mass media and the grades are large. 7.The peer-groups socialization is related to the educational systems, genders, the educational background of the fathers. 8.In the angles of the students¡¦ basic political attitudes forming, the national identity is related to the grades, the educational background of the mothers and the parents¡¦ occupation. 9.The students think that Taiwan and the China are different nations, more students think that Taiwan is a country. 10The ideologies of independence and unification are related to the educational background of the fathers and the parents¡¦ occupation. 11The percentage of maintaining the present situation is the most and the percentage of unifying is the least. KEY WORD: political attitude and the values, political socialization

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 174-187). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Washington State University, December 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Dec. 16, 2009). "Department of Sociology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 147-164).

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 39 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-36).

Using a sample of 8th graders, the current study explored cultural socialization practices by families and peers, and investigated the link between family-peer incongruence in cultural socialization and adolescent adjustment. On average, peers engaged in less heritage cultural socialization but similar levels of mainstream cultural socialization than did youth's families. Incongruence in family and peer cultural socialization was associated with poor socioemotional and academic adjustment only when peers performed greater cultural socialization (either the heritage or mainstream culture) than their parents. The link between incongruence and socioemotional stress can be explained in part by adolescents' feelings of being caught between their families and peers. The detriments of feelings of being caught on school outcomes were buffered by adolescents' active coping and withdrawal, peer support, and similar feelings of being caught shared in the peer network. / text

Employees face many challenges as they attempt to fulfill the often intense and conflicting expectations of their professional roles within the culture of an organization for which they perform paid work. These demands include traversing a consistent stream of organizational change (Lewis, 2011), navigating complex coworker relationships (Sias, 2009), and meeting the often intense and even abusive demands of organizational managers and leaders (Caldwell & Canuto-Carranco, 2010). As a result of this cultural intensity, organizational members can begin considering exit (Jablin, 1987, 2001) very early in their tenure. This study explores Jablin’s Model of Assimilation (1987, 2001) as a framework for identifying the types of events, observations and concerns that facilitate exit-related sensemaking (Weick, 1995) and, ultimately, a decision to leave an organization. Findings indicate that organizational exit (Jablin, 1987, 2001) is not simply a response to a single “straw that broke the camel’s back” event. Rather, organizational exit is a complex, evolving process resulting from a web of observations and experiences occurring over time within the organization. Based on interviews with 61 people who voluntarily left an organization in a post-recession economy (2010—2014), findings indicate surprising similarities and differences across industries in both the organizational factors leading up to exit and individuals’ exit experiences. By tracing the origins of exit back through the socialization processes experienced by exiting organizational members, this study fills a gap in organizational exit research, defining exit not as a discrete end-stage event, but rather as an ongoing, highly communicative and personalized process based on recursive loops of sensemaking (Weick, 1995) that build over the course of a member’s tenure, resulting in a choice to leave the organization. / text

While research indicates that children reared in households headed by lesbian parents are no more likely to be teased or bullied than children from other households, lesbian mothers feel it is necessary to socialize their children as if they were. Twenty lesbian mothers with at least one child between the ages of eight months and 17 years old from the central Texas area were selected for this study. The mothers came from a variety of racial and ethnic backgrounds and diverse socioeconomic statuses. This study was qualitative in nature, using primarily grounded theory methods. The mothers were interviewed using a semi-structured format regarding their socialization strategies. Themes emerging from the interviews were that mothers went to great lengths to secure parenthood. They engaged in both direct and indirect socialization strategies. They considered their children to be members of the gay community and emphasized contact with 'families like theirs.' They felt that their families were normal yet possessed some distinct advantages and had some unique concerns. Finally, they had egalitarian relationships in terms of the division of paid labor, household tasks, and childcare, with a focus on spending the most amount of time possible with their children. Racial and ethnic socialization literature was used as a framework for this study. The similarity between participant's responses and racial and ethnic socialization theory led to the development of a model of "Alternative Family Socialization." Similar to racial or ethnic socialization, "Alternative Family Socialization" involves preparing minority children to thrive in the majority culture. Mothers stated that they prepare their children for bias by encouraging them to take pride in their family, accessing support from the gay community, encouraging the development of positive self-concepts, encouraging open communication, and teaching them how to access support. Future directions for research include further development of the model of "Alternative Family Socialization" such as how this model might explain gay men rearing children. Also future research focusing on how children of lesbian parents perceive themselves within the gay community is suggested. / text

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With an attractive trainee program company’s today hope to attract young devoted people. In the frame of a trainee program, there has been a special focus on a formal mentorship in an effort to develop characteristics with the mentor and protégé. Therefore this study discusses the subject mentorship in trainee programs. Which characteristics are affected with the mentor and protégé during a mentor relationship in a trainee program? The aim of the study is to create an awareness and knowledge of the mentor and the protégés understanding of which characteristics are affected in a mentorship relation after a completed trainee program. The study’s theoretical frame of reference was built around four main points; trainee program, mentorship, mentor relationship and which characteristics that are affected with mentors and protégés. In order to find out which characteristics that are affected with mentors and protégés in a mentor relationship, we have chosen to do a qualitative survey research with a deductive approach. The empirical data has been collected, using open individual interviews. The conclusion made is that a mentor relationship does not affect mentors especially much, except the mentor’s emotional stability and their ability to reflect. All the protégés characteristics on the other hand are affected during a mentor relationship in a trainee program. During this study we have concluded several interesting factors that may lead to proceeding research, for example testing the generalization of the theoretical model. Another approach is to apply the model in other contexts, for example in other leadership contexts or quality contexts.