Orientador: Wilson Suzigan / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T07:55:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RoselinoJunior_JoseEduardodeSalles_D.pdf: 1832026 bytes, checksum: 0abbcda0f9a9f301224412f0c2503856 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: As atividades de software foram eleitas como opção estratégica da Política Industrial, Tecnológica e de Comércio Exterior ¿ PITCE a partir da identificação de seu papel crescentemente crucial para o desenvolvimento das mais diversas atividades. A política setorial vem sendo desenhada com o objetivo de alcançar duas metas principais: elevar as exportações brasileiras de software e ampliar a participação das empresas nacionais no mercado doméstico. A tese apresenta um panorama da indústria brasileira de software que permite discutir a adequação dos objetivos traçados para a política industrial. As características da indústria brasileira de software são compreendidas a partir de uma perspectiva comparada com as configurações existentes em outras nações não-centrais que lograram desenvolver importantes indústrias de software (Índia, Irlanda e China). A abordagem desenvolvida identifica a expressiva presença das empresas de capital nacional em todos os segmentos considerados, ainda que exibindo grandes assimetrias com relação às empresas de capital estrangeiro. O quadro apresentado sugere que o enfoque da política deveria se centrar no reforço aos aspectos virtuosos já existentes na indústria brasileira de software, concentrando a ação das políticas na consolidação das empresas nacionais para o enfrentamento de um mercado crescentemente competitivo / Abstract: The software activities have been chosen as a strategic option for the Technology, Trade and Industrial Policy ¿ PITCE following the recognition of its increasingly crucial role on the development of others activities. The sectorial policy has been shaped by two main goals: to raise the Brazilian software exports and to increase the market-share of national firms on the domestic market. The aspects of the Brazilian software industry are understood from a comparative approach, alongside to others experiences of developing significant software industries in non-central economies (India, Ireland and China). This thesis displays an overview of the Brazilian software industry that favors some questioning about the adequacy of the goals chosen for the industrial policy. This approach identifies an expressive attendance of the Brazilian firms in all considered sectors, despite the existence of important asymmetries between the national and foreign companies. The picture observed suggests that the policy should focus on the reinforcement of virtuous aspects that already can be found in the Brazilian Software Industry, orienting the policy action on the strengthening of the national companies to face an increasingly competitive market / Doutorado / Politica Economica / Doutor em Ciências Econômicas

Orientador: Andre Tosi Furtado / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T07:58:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rauen_AndreTortato_M.pdf: 550343 bytes, checksum: 1e499afd28eb5e23f89b682d44151659 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Os desafios impostos pelas recentes mudanças tecnoeconômicas têm determinado um processo de revalorização do conhecimento socialmente construí do, o qual passa a se constituir como um importante insumo à atividade econômica. O potencial de desenvolvimento das regiões está associado a sua capacidade de se adaptar a estas mudanças e gerar fluxos constantes de conhecimento. Nesse contexto, a região Nordeste de Santa Catarina, mais precisamente o município de Joinville, é um exemplo claro de diversificação do tecido produtivo local frente à instável realidade. A aglomeração de empresas de software existente nesta região é justamente a mais recente variante da economia local. Assim, com o objetivo de caracterizar as dinâmicas produtivas e espaciais presentes na indústria de software de Joinville, construiu-se o presente trabalho fundado no marco conceitual de sistemas de inovação. Constatou-se, portanto, a existência de um complexo conjunto de organizações e instituições que formam um incompleto sistema de inovações, cuja produção se apóia em inovações incrementais, com elevada participação dos clientes, sendo que, pela ótica do faturamento, o sistema especializou-se na produção de softwares pacote, muito embora exista um número maior de firmas explorando o segmento de softwares serviço. Inexistem organizações de pesquisa e as interações com as universidades se restringem à formação de mão-de-obra. Deste modo, verificou-se que o sistema estudado surge de maneira espontânea e endógena num contexto de diversificação do tecido produtivo local, o que constitui um atributo de um meio inovador / Abstract: The challenges forced by the recent techno-economic changes, have determined a process of revaluation of the knowledge built by social relations, which becomes the motor of the economic activity. The potential of development of the regions is associated with their capacity of adapting to these changes and to generate a constant flow of knowledge. In this context, the northeast region of Santa Catarina, more precisely the city of Joinville, is a clear example of the diversification of the local productive structure in a context of unstable reality. The agglomeration of software companies in this region is certainly the most recent variant of the local economy. Thus, with the objective to characterize the space and productive dynamics existing in the software industry of Joinville, the present work was constructed rested upon the conceptual frarnework of innovation systems. It was evidenced, therefore, the existence of a complex set of organizations and institutions that form an incomplete system of innovation, whose production lean on incremental innovations, with elevated participation of the customers. By the optics of the sales, the system specialized in the production of softwares package, although there exists a larger number of firms exploring the softwares services market. Without a relevant research organizations in this system, the interactions with the universities are restrict to the man power formation. Thus, it was verified that the studied system appears spontaneously and endogenously, by the way of the diversification of its local productive structure, what constitutes an attribute of a "milieu innovateur" / Mestrado / Mestre em Política Científica e Tecnológica

Nowadays, the improvement of factors, such as transportation, communication, and technological advancement, is allowing SMEs to move towards international markets faster than before. Combining those factors with knowledge gained inside firms, software SMEs are able to follow the trend of internationalizing their activities. Depending only on one side of knowledge to expand abroad, will probably inhibit SMEs to survive in the foreign atmosphere. Moreover, the insufficiency of market 5  knowledge and the lack of international experience prevent SMEs to meet the basic requirements to establish relationships outside the home country. The dependence only on the domination of internal knowledge and the uniqueness of the product, may provoke software firms for an excessive ambition to internationalize - which can lead to tangling the way to establish a network abroad.

As empresas utilizam vários tipos de recursos tais como matérias primas, insumos, recursos humanos e recursos financeiros para gerar seu portfólio de produtos e/ou serviços. No último século os gestores das empresas desenvolveram práticas e ferramentas de gerenciamento para maximizar os resultados decorrentes da aplicação destes recursos. Nas últimas duas décadas o conhecimento passou a ser considerado mais um dos recursos a serem geridos e aplicados pelas empresas para alcançar diferenciais competitivos frente aos seus concorrentes. Por ser um recurso intangível com características diferentes dos demais recursos, várias práticas e ferramentas específicas foram desenvolvidas com o objetivo de explorar ao máximo os resultados do uso do conhecimento nas empresas. Esta tese teve como objetivo identificar e especificar as práticas de gestão do conhecimento e as ferramentas de tecnologia da informação e comunicação empregadas em empresas instaladas na indústria de software no Brasil, incluindo aquelas que são utilizadas por teletrabalhadores. Buscou ainda identificar e especificar se há diferença na utilização dessas práticas e ferramentas em ambientes de teletrabalho, além de verificar as influências da gestão do conhecimento na eficácia empresarial dessas mesmas empresas. Para tanto, como método de pesquisa foi realizado um estudo descritivo-quantitativo junto a 319 funcionários de 15 diferentes empresas de médio e grande portes integrantes da indústria de software do país. Os dados coletados foram tratados por meio de análises estatísticas descritivas e da modelagem de equações estruturais, mediante o emprego dos aplicativos SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) e PLS-PM (Partial Least Squares Path Modeling). Os resultados encontrados permitem concluir que: a) as práticas de gestão do conhecimento mais utilizadas nas empresas pesquisadas são: reuniões e conferências virtuais, treinamentos virtuais, treinamentos presenciais, e-learning, call center/help desk/suporte online, portal corporativo, biblioteca corporativa, sistema de avaliação, centros de inovação, mapeamento de processos e gestão da inovação; b) as ferramentas de tecnologia da informação e comunicação voltadas à gestão do conhecimento mais empregadas nas empresas analisadas são: e-mail, telefone via internet, telefone celular/rádio, intranet; servidores web e navegadores, telefone fixo, mensagens instantâneas, portal corporativo e treinamento baseado em computador; c) as práticas e ferramentas de tecnologia da informação e comunicação empregadas na gestão do conhecimento são mais usadas em ambientes de teletrabalho do que em ambientes de trabalho presencial e, por fim; d) as práticas e ferramentas de tecnologia da informação e comunicação voltadas à gestão do conhecimento influenciam a eficácia empresarial das empresas examinadas, com prevalência das práticas sobre as ferramentas. A conclusão é que as práticas e ferramentas empregadas na gestão do conhecimento são mais utilizadas em ambientes de teletrabalho e que a gestão do conhecimento em si influencia a eficácia empresarial das empresas. / The companies use some types of resources such as raw material, human resources and financial resources to generate its set of products and/or services. In the last century the managers of the companies had developed management practices and tools to maximize the decurrent results of the application of these resources. In last the two decades the knowledge became to be considered another one of the resources to be managed and applied by companies in order to reach competitive differentials comparing to its competitors. As the knowledge is an intangible resource with different characteristics comparing to other resources, several specific practices and tools had been developed in order to better explore the results of the use of the knowledge in the companies. This thesis proposed to identify and specify the knowledge managements practices and information and communication technology tools used in companies of Brazils software industry. It also attempted to identify and specify if theres a difference in the use of these practices and tools in teleworking or face to face working environments, besides verifying the influences of knowledge management in these companies organizational effectiveness. Because of this, a quantitative-descriptive research was conducted with the application of a questionnaire with 319 employees of 15 different midsize and large companies that operate in the countrys software industry. The collected data were dealt by descriptive statistics analysis and structural equations shaping, by the use of SPSS application (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) and PLS-PM (Partial Least Squares Path Modeling). The results show that it is possible to identify: a) the most used practices of knowledge management in the researched companies are: meetings and virtual conferences, virtual training, face to face training, e-learning, call center/help desk/online support, corporative gateway, corporative library, evaluation system, innovation centers, process mapping and innovation management; b) the most used information and communication technology tools turned to knowledge management in the analyzed companies are: email, web phone calling, cell phone/radio, intranet, browsers and web servers, landline phone, instant messaging, corporative gateway and computer based training; c) the practices and information and communication technology tools used in knowledge management are more used in teleworking environment than in face to face working environment, and finally; d) the practices and information and communication technology tools turned to knowledge management influence the organizational effectiveness of the surveyed companies, with more influence of the practices than the tools. The conclusion is that the practices and tools used in knowledge management are more used in telework environment and that knowledge management influences the companies organizational effectiveness.

Insufficient literature exists in the area of incremental and revolutionary change to explain and predict the convergence and reorientation phenomena happening in organizations. The process of strategic reorientation involves the internal organizational complexities of fast-paced (within two years) changes in competitive strategy as a necessary condition coupled with changes in at least two of organization structure, power distribution, and control systems. Antecedent forces believed to influence the discontinuous change process include industry sales turbulence, structural inertia/firm size, firm past financial performance, CEO turnover, top management team turnover, management team heterogeneity, management environmental awareness, and external attributions for negative financial performance. Punctuated equilibrium was the foundational theory for this study in which a strategic reorientation model published in Strategic Management Journal was reconstructed. The research question was: What seem to be the significant time-based antecedent forces or conditions that lead to strategic reorientation? The study used two hierarchical logit regression models to analyze data gathered from COMPUSTAT PC Industrial Data Base and Compact Disclosure (CD-ROM) over the years 1987-1993 from the turbulent computer software and stable furniture industries. Qualitative data were found in 10-K reports and President's Letters in Annual Reports filed with the SEC and available on Laserdisclosure. The sample, exclusive of 3 multivariate outliers, included 74 software firms and 43 furniture firms for a pooled total of 117 firms. When separate industries were analyzed using the first of the Systat logit hierarchical regressions, results showed no statistically significant effects. By contrast, when data were pooled, the second hierarchical logit regression model, which included industry turbulence and firm size, showed these one-tailed statistically significant results: strategic reorientation is positively affected by prior industry turbulence and CEO turnover, but is negatively affected by prior top management team turnover and the interaction between industry turbulence and external attributions for negative financial performance.

Businesses today face intense international competition, a heightened pace of development and shortened product life cycles. As a result, many researchers recommend firms collaborate and partner with other firms to succeed. With over a decade of research examining alliances and inter-firm collaboration, we know a great deal about the benefits and outcomes firms realize through collaboration. An important gap exists, however, in our understanding of the effect of partnering firms on collaborative outputs. This study attempts to address this gap by examining the success of collaborative new product development outputs. The study was a quasi-experimental study using archival, time-series data. Hypotheses were tested at the project level, defined as the product output from the collaborative development effort. Predictors were developed at both the firm and dyadic levels. Several findings emerged from this research. The primary finding is that roles of alliance partners impact which capability and capital benefits accrue. Firms functioning as a publisher benefit from increases in relevant experience. Firms functioning as a developer benefit from working in areas in which they have experience, but largely to the extent that the developer also generalizes their capabilities. One implication emerging from the capability findings suggests a need for configurational capability research. From a social capital conception, developers with high network centrality have a negative impact on the perceived quality of the final software product. Developers also benefit from embeddedness, products developed by developers in constrained networks outperformed products developed by developers in brokered networks.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to propose a conceptual framework and research agenda for the development of sustainable business models for companies in the software industry. Methodology – The study was implemented by using primary and secondary data in the methodology. The primary data entailed a qualitative approach where in-depth interviews with five software companies was conducted. The secondary data included a literature review of relevant topics and grey literature from the interviewed companies. Findings – This study proposes a modified set of sustainable business model archetypes for the software industry. The software-specific archetypes are Maximize energy efficiency with renewables and natural processes, Create value from waste, Deliver software as a service, Adopt a stewardship role, Encourage sustainability, Repurpose for the society/environment and Develop scale up solutions. Implications – The revised set of archetypes have been developed in order to set a theoretical framework that can be practiced by software companies to develop their sustainability work. Therefore, this study provides practitioners with a streamlined framework to develop clear sustainable guidelines, activities, principles and goals towards a sustainable business model. Originality / value – This study proposes a conceptual framework on how software companies can develop a sustainable business model with a practical and theoretical foundation. The study proposes a research approach that has not been conducted in the software industry before, using the eight archetypes as an analysis tool. The suggested framework of this study therefore presents unique industry-specific archetypes for the software industry, created by the authors of this study.

Context: Numerous studies have demonstrated that information technology (IT) projects are more complex than other types of projects and suffer more from budget overruns and frank project failures. The software industry is becoming ever complex, despite efforts to introduce higher-level programming languages and object-oriented programming. In particular, constant specification and requirements changes, which are typical of any software project, make completion and completion on budget difficult. In order to provide quality products and meet customer needs, methods to accommodate this are required. As an alternative to the traditional “waterfall” methods, which required specifications freezing in order to work, agile methods were developed. These methods accommodate changes in all phases of the project. Even with such methods, the ratio of failed to successful projects remains high.Objectives: To determine which factors affect the success of a project using agile methods, and to identify those factors that are priorities for ensuring project success.Method: A literature search was conducted, and a number of interviews were conducted at three different companies. Along with the interviews and the literature research, a technical analysis was also made with the help of Visual Studio and NDepend. After the literature search and the data collection were complete, an evaluation and synthesis of the various factors was done.Result: There are 21 different factors that affect the success of a software project.Conclusion: According to the literature, there are four factors that dominate over the other 17: project management, project scope, time, and budget. According to the interviews conducted, 11 of the 21 factors are critical, and two of them, project management and project scope, were also identified in the literature as critical. As these two were identified in both the literature and the interviews as critical, they should be accorded highest priority, while also taking the other 19 factors into account.

The Swedish software industry is seeing explosive growth and Swedish colleges and universities play a crucial part in supplying industry professionals with relevant education. Studies show an existing gap between what software engineering (SE) education teaches students and what the software industry needs. This study looked specifically at what technologies Swedish SE education used in its syllabuses compared to what technologies were in demand by the Swedish software industry to determine if any knowledge gaps existed. Course syllabuses and job posts were collected and compared through text analysis, highlighting keywords associated with different technologies. The result showed that the Swedish SE education overall aligned with industry demands with some minor exceptions. Conclusions were that some improvements could be made to meet the demand of technologies such as C\#, TypeScript, Kubernetes, and Docker.

No description available.