INTRODUÇÃO: A lesão intraepitelial cervical de alto grau causada pelo HPV, precursora do câncer cervical, é facilmente diagnosticada e seu tratamento pode ser realizado de maneira ambulatorial, sem muitas complicações. Mesmo assim, o seguimento das pacientes tratadas deve ser feito de maneira criteriosa e sistemática para que a recorrência ou persistência da doença não passe despercebida. Conseguir identificar o grupo de pacientes com maior probabilidade de recorrência ou persistência da doença facilitaria sobremaneira esse seguimento, diminuindo o ônus econômico e psicológico que o seguimento generalizado produz. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar marcadores que possam indicar o grupo de pacientes com maior possibilidade de recorrência da lesão intraepitelial cervical de alto grau. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo 114 mulheres com diagnóstico de lesão intraepitelial cervical de alto grau foram submetidas à conização cervical por cirurgia de alta frequência (CAF) no Setor de Patologia do Trato Genital Inferior (PTGI) da Divisão da Clínica Ginecológica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP) no período entre março de 2006 e maio de 2009. O seguimento foi realizado a cada seis meses durante o período de 24 meses. No seguimento foi coletada a citologia cervical, captura híbrida para HPV e realizada a colposcopia. Foram avaliados os testes de captura híbrida para HPV coletadas durante o seguimento, imuno-histoquímicos para oncoproteína viral E6 e proteína p16 na peça cirúrgica como possíveis marcadores de recorrência. RESULTADOS: A avaliação anatomopatológica da peça cirúrgica diagnosticou 85 (74,6%) casos de lesão intraepitelial cervical de alto grau e 29 (25,4%) casos de lesão intraepitelial de baixo grau. Nessas peças, 45 (39,5%) apresentaram expressão positiva para oncoproteína E6 e 69 (60,5%) apresentaram expressão negativa para E6; 74 (64,9%) apresentaram expressão positiva para p16 e 40 (35,1%) apresentaram expressão negativa para p16. A oncoproteína E6 não se associou com a apresentação mais grave da doença. Já a proteína p16 esteve positiva em 68 (80%) casos diagnosticados como lesão intraepitelial de alto grau e negativa em 23 (79,3%) casos com diagnóstico anatomopatológico de lesão intraepitelial de baixo grau ou cervicite crônica. A CH coletada no primeiro retorno apresentou sensibilidade de 83,3%, especificidade de 87,8%, VPP de 50% e VPN de 97,3%. Comparando a CH coletada no primeiro retorno com a citologia coletada após os 24 meses de seguimento, a CH apresentou sensibilidade de 75%, especificidade de 83,1%, VPP de 20% e VPN de 98,3%. CONCLUSÕES: A expressão das oncoproteína E6 e proteína p16 na peça cirúrgica não demonstraram ter valor para predizer recorrência no seguimento de pacientes tratadas por lesão intraepitelial cervical de alto grau, mesmo a p16 estando associada à presença de lesões mais graves. A CH pode ser usada como um teste preditivo de recorrência durante o seguimento de pacientes tratadas por lesão intraepitelial de alto grau. O VPN do teste é bastante alto e seu resultado negativo, seis meses após o tratamento indica uma taxa baixíssima de recorrência da doença / INTRODUCTION: The high grade cervical intraepithelial lesion caused by HPV, a pre-malignant condition, is easily diagnosed and its treatment can be done in outpatients without many complications. Nevertheless the patients follow-up must be done in a very systematic way to avoid any recurrence or persistence of the disease. To be able to identify the group of patients with higher rate of recurrence or persistence of the disease would make this follow-up much easier and decrease the economic and psychological burden of stressed outcome. The goal of our study is to identify markers that could indicate the group of patients more likely to recur. METHODS: In this study, 114 women diagnosed with high grade cervical intraepithelial lesion were treated with LLETZ at the Discipline of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo University from March 2006 and May 2009. The follow-up visits after the treatment included Pap smear, HPV DNA test and colposcopy and occurred every 6 months for 24 months. The markers evaluated were the HPV DNA test collected during the follow-up and immunohistochemical tests performed on the surgical specimen: E6 oncoprotein and protein p16. RESULTS: We found 85 cases (74,6%) of HSIL and 29 cases (25,4%) of LSIL in the surgical specimen obtained with the LLETZ. The E6 oncoprotein was expressed in 45 (39,5%) and not expressed in 69 (60,5%) of the specimen; 74 (64,9%) expressed p16 and 40 (35,1%) didnt express p16. The E6 oncoprotein was not associated with severe presentation of the disease. The protein p16 was positive in 68 (80%) cases of diagnosed HSIL and negative in 23 (79,3%) cases with diagnosed LSIL or chronic cervicitis. The HPV DNA test collected at the first follow-up consult at 6 months presented a sensitivity of 83,3% specificity of 87,8%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 50% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97,3%. Comparing the HPV DNA test collected at the first follow-up visit and the cervical cytology collected at the fourth and last follow-up visit at 24 months, the HPV DNA test presented a sensitivity of 75%, specificity of 83,1%, PPV of 20% and NPV of 98,3%. CONCLUSIONS: The E6 oncoprotein and protein p16 expression on the surgical specimen were not able to predict recurrence of the disease during the follow-up of the patients. The HPV DNA test can be used as a marker of the recurrence on the follow-up of patients treated for HSIL with LLETZ. The HPV DNA test negative result at the 6 month follow-up visit represents an extremely low recurrence rate

No presente trabalho foram realizados estudos de regiosseletividade das reações de abertura de 2,3-epoxipropanoato de etila (1) utilizando diferentes nucleófilos de selênio e algumas dessas reações foram desenvolvidas com a adição do ácido de Lewis trifluoreto de boro dietil éter (BF3·Et2O). A abertura desse oxirano ao utilizar os nucleófilos MeSeMgCl e MeSeLi-BF3·Et2O ocorreu seletivamente no Carbono C-3 formando o composto de interesse (3-metilseleno 2-hidroxipropanoato de etila), já ao utilizar MeSeLi (em ausência ácido de Lewis) a abertura procedeu-se seletivamente no carbono C-2 formando 2-metilseleno-3-hidroxipropanoato de etila. A reação com o nucleófilo (Na[PhSeB(OEt)3]) levou à mistura desses regioisômeros. O ácido de Lewis BF3·Et2O em presença do selenolato levou a inversão de regiosseletividade da reação de abertura do epóxido 1 e a razão estequiométrica de BF3·Et2O adicionada ao meio reacional correspondeu, proporcionalmente, a porcentagem de obtenção do produto de abertura em C-3 (Tabela 1). Os resultados obtidos sugeriram que BF3·Et2O altera a nucleofilicidade do selenolato (RMN de 77Se) a partir de uma interação selênio-boro. A formação da ligação Se-B pode ocorrer com ou sem a liberação de fluoreto e esse mecanismo foi investigado por meio do emprego de uma sonda fluorescente seletiva desse haleto. O mecanismo dessas reações também foram investigados por cálculos teóricos, os quais mostram-se totalmente coerentes com os resultados experimentais. / In the present work was studied reactions of regioselective opening of 2,3-epoxyester using different selenolatos and some of this reactions were developed by adding Lewis acid BF3·Et2O. The opening reaction of this oxirane using the nucleofilms MeSeMgCl and MeSeLi-BF3·Et2O occurred selectively in carbon C-3 forming the compound of interest (ethyl 3-methylselene 2-hydroxypropanoato of ethyl), already using MeSeLi (in Lewis acid absence) the reaction was selectively on C-2 carbon to form ethyl 2-methylselene-3-hydroxypropanoate. The reaction with the nucleophile (Na[PhSeB(OEt)3]) formed a mixing of these regioisomers. The Lewis acid BF3·Et2O in presence of selenolate reverses the regioselectivity of opening epoxide (1) reaction and the stoichiometric value of BF3·Et2O added in the reaction corresponded proportionally with the percentage of C-3 product (Table 1). The results suggested that BF3·Et2O alters the nucleophilicity of selenolate (77Se NMR) from a selenium-boron interaction. Se-B bond formation may occur with or without fluoride release and this mechanism has been investigated by the use of a selective fluorescent probe of that halide. The mechanism of these reactions was also investigated by theoretical calculations, which are fully consistent with the experimental results.

The purpose of this work is the design of a gaussmeter with a three-axis probe for magnetic field mapping and subsequent reconstruction of the image using magnetic impedance tomography. Commercially available gaussmeters have low bandwidth for these purposes, and signals cannot be measured in synchronous detection mode. The aim of the thesis is select the most suitable magnetic field sensors for the MIT purposes and to design the entire measuring device to meet the measurement requirements in the wider frequency band and synchronous detection. Attention will also be paid to designing a suitable mechanical design of the probe and the location of the sensors. The proposed device will be tested and evaluated for MIT purposes.

This thesis concerns the technological processes of machining of thin-walled parts and the modification of said processes in dependence on the following interopera-tive measurement of the real dimensions of these parts. Within the theoretical part a research study of technological possibilities of measuring thin-walled parts and principles of probe programming are presented. In the main practical part of the the-sis a proposal of an experiment is described, which tests the individual technologi-cal steps and their influence on the quality of a prototype of the produced thin-walled part. Numerical (NC) codes are created using parametric programming, which are then used during the realization of the experiment itself. In the conclusi-on there are presented and discussed the results of measuring of the machined surfaces and the influence of correction paths, which should help to achieve a mo-re accurate production according to given dimensions. This experiment, however, has not met the expected results. That is why new procedures have been designed in order to create said paths, which can be used in a future realization of this expe-riment.

This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the monitoring of the Karolinka water reservoir earth dam. For the reason of seepage detected on the downstream face of the dam, the water reservoir was operated in a limited regime practically from its beginning. One of the most significant interventions aimed at reducing them was the installation of a sealing wall realized in 2013. Since 2011, the earth dam has been pilot-monitored by probes of the electrical impedance spectrometry method. The thesis deals with the processing of the data obtained by this method and with the comparison of the determined electrical conductivity of the dam soil with the data measured on the earth dam (temperature, water level in the reservoir, seepage) before and after installation of the sealing wall.

This diploma thesis deals with the influence of electronic compensation on accuracy of the measurement using the touch probe. The theoretical part concerns touch probes, specifically their classification, principles of working and applications. This part also includes devices used later in the experiment, particularly double ballbar, laser interferometer and LaserTRACER. The Practical part describes an experiment, demonstrating the correlation between the accuracy improvement of the touch probe and the electronic compensation’s level. All measurements were executed in accordance with the norm VDA 5 and were evaluated by the Matlab software. The graphs of reliance tolerance of capability of measurement on the length of the benchmark. At the end of this diploma thesis there are partial conclusions deduced. The deduction is based on generated graphs. The partial conclusions synoptically compare the influence of individual machine´s configurations on the accuracy of the touch probe.

Předkládaná práce se zabývá návrhem a konstrukcí dálkově řízené sondy pro průzkum zatopených krasových oblastí. Cílem práce je zhotovení cenově přijatelné sondy pro speleologický výzkum. Soustava senzorů a dálkově řízený kamerový systém umožňuje pořízení záběrů z velkých hloubek, které lze později analyzovat.

This work deals with the method for analysis of one-port microstrip circuits which is called as contour-integral method. The general procedure for evaluating of important parameters concerning the analysis of microstrip antennas is given. Next, the geometrical parameters necessary for the calculation of elements in U and H matrices are numerically solved. With the help of these matrices, the input impedance or the reflection coefficient can be easily found.

The master's thesis summarizes the theory of flow measurement by differential pressure sensors, especially by Normalized Orifice, and summarizes theory concerning Averaging Pitot Tube. It is briefly described LabVIEW programming environment and flow measuring track for which the software was developed. The thesis describes creation of concept of program and in particular its final realization. The program provide observing actual events on measuring track, saving data to file, detail analysis of stored data and creation of measurement report. The main objective is to determine the Averaging Pitot Tube coefficient.

This diploma thesis deals with possibility of a non-contact tool corrections measurement and broken tool detection on CNC lathes. For this purpose was made a methodology for measuring and application in NC program. For testing the program in praxis was used CNC lathe SPM 16 with Sinumerik 840D controller. As measuring equipment was used a laser probe NC4 by Renishaw manufacturer.