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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Platforma pro výzkum prostorové orientace ve virtuální realitě / Platform for spatial navigation research in virtual reality

Galajda, Martin January 2018 (has links)
The Department of Neurophysiology of the Memory of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (UAV) has for several years been researching experiments to monitor the impact of various stages of Alzheimer's disease on patients' cognitive abilities. For this purpose, SpaNav was developed almost 9 years ago in cooperation of the UAV with the MFF UK. The system currently hits its technical limits given by possibilities of the time when it was created. The aim of this work is to introduce a new system that will remove the limits of the original system and allow research to continue. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Invasão biológica em ilhas oceânicas: o caso de Leucaena leucocephala (Leguminosae) em Fernando de Noronha / Biological invasion in oceanic islands: the case of Leucaena leucocephala (Leguminosae) in Fernando de Noronha.

Thayná Jeremias Mello 10 December 2013 (has links)
Invasões biológicas estão entre as principais causas da perda de biodiversidade no planeta. Ambientes isolados como as ilhas oceânicas e ambientes sujeitos a distúrbio antrópico são considerados mais propensos à invasão. Para as plantas, o sucesso na invasão pode ter relação com a superioridade na competição com as espécies nativas, que pode ocorrer através da produção de substâncias alelopáticas. Dentre as 100 principais espécies invasoras do planeta está a Leguminosa Leucaena leucocephala, que produz substâncias com potencial alelopático e está estabelecida em ilhas oceânicas tropicais em todo o mundo. No Brasil, a invasora foi introduzida na ilha de Fernando de Noronha, onde ocupa vastas áreas. Apesar da relevância desta ilha para a conservação da biodiversidade, não há informações essenciais para o manejo da invasora, como a situação da invasão e seus fatores determinantes. Neste trabalho, realizado em Fernando de Noronha, utilizamos experimentos para investigar a alelopatia como mecanismo associado à invasão e para avaliar o efeito de L. leucocephala sobre o estabelecimento de Erythrina velutina (Leguminosae), espécie nativa comum na ilha, mas frequentemente excluída das áreas invadidas por L. leucocephala. Não encontramos indícios de efeitos alelopáticos de L. leucocephala sobre a germinação de E. velutina, mas a exótica reduziu o crescimento e a sobrevivência da nativa. O efeito negativo é potencializado quando L. leucocephala está associada à Capparis flexuosa (Capparaceae), única espécie nativa frequentemente encontrada em áreas invadidas. Isoladamente, o efeito de C. flexuosa sobre E. velutina varia de positivo a neutro, evidenciando que o saldo das interações entre espécies nativas é alterado na presença de uma exótica. Adicionalmente, diagnosticamos a extensão atual da invasão e sua expansão nos últimos 20 anos, seus fatores determinantes e o impacto sobre a comunidade de plantas nativas em Fernando de Noronha. O diagnóstico da invasão mostrou que L. leucocephala está amplamente distribuída pela ilha, povoando densamente a maioria dos locais onde ocorre. A área ocupada pela espécie aumentou cerca de 40% nos últimos 20 anos, e não há restrições ambientais para o estabelecimento da exótica, embora ela seja favorecida pela atividade agropecuária. Em áreas invadidas o número de espécies nativas diminui quase pela metade e observamos uma tendência à homogeneização da comunidade. É provável que o alto grau de perturbação antrópica em Fernando de Noronha gere limitações à dispersão e modifique os ambientes tornando-os desfavoráveis para o estabelecimento de espécies nativas. Entretanto, há fortes evidências de que L. leucocephala causa mudanças ecológicas na ilha influenciando na perda espécies nativas. Considerando a importância biológica de Fernando de Noronha, ações de controle da expansão da exótica e restauração das áreas invadidas demonstram-se urgentes / Biological invasions are among the main causes of biodiversity loss on the planet. Isolated environments such as oceanic islands and disturbed environments are considered more prone to invasion. For plants, the invasion success may be related to advantages in competition with native species, which may occur through the production of allelopathic substances. Among the 100 most invasive species on the planet is the legume Leucaena leucocephala, which produces substances with putative allelopathic effects and is established on tropical oceanic islands worldwide. In Brazil, the invader was introduced on the island of Fernando de Noronha, where it occupies vast areas. Despite the relevance of this island for biodiversity conservation, important information for the management of the invasion, as its extension and determinants, do not exist. In this work we use experiments to investigate allelopathy as a mechanism associated with the invasion and to evaluate the effect of L. leucocephala on the establishment of Erythrina velutina, a native species common on the island, but often absent from invaded areas. We found no evidence of allelopathic effects of L. leucocephala in the germination of E. velutina, but the exotic reduced the growth and survival of the native. The negative effect is enhanced when L. leucocephala is associated with Capparis flexuosa, the only native species often found in heavily invaded areas. When alone, the effect of C. flexuosa on E. velutina varies from positive to neutral, indicating that the balance of interactions between native species is altered in the presence of an exotic. Additionally, we describe the current distribution of L. leucocephala and its expansion in the last 20 years in Fernando de Noronha. We also investigate the environmental and anthropic factors determining the invasion and the impact of L. leucocephala on the plant community. We found that L. leucocephala is widely distributed throughout the island, densely populating most places where it occurs. The area occupied by the species increased about 40% in the last 20 years, and there are no environmental restrictions for the establishment of exotic, although it is favored by farming. In invaded areas, the number of dominant native species decreased by almost half and we observed a tendency towards homogenization of the community. It is likely that the high degree of human disturbance in Fernando de Noronha poses dispersal limitations and modifies the environments making them unsuitable to the establishment of natives. However, there are strong evidences that L. leucocephala is driving ecological changes on the island that influence in native species loss. Considering the biological importance of Fernando de Noronha, actions to control the expansion of exotic and to restore the invaded areas are urgent
13

Efficient Skyline Community Discovery in Large Networks

Akber, Mohammad Ali 30 August 2022 (has links)
Every entity in the real world can be described uniquely by it’s attributes. It is possible to rank similar entities based on these attributes, i.e. a professor can be ranked by his/her number of publications, citations etc. A community is formed by a group of connected entities. Individual ranking of an entity plays an important role in the quality of a community. Skyline community in a network represents the highest ranked communities in the network. But how do we define this ranking? Ranking system in some model considers only a single attribute [16], whereas the other [15] [23] considers multiple attributes. Intuitively multiple attributes represent a community better and produce good results. We propose a novel community discovery model, which considers multiple attribute when ranking the community and is efficient in terms of computation time and result size. We use a progressive (can produce re- sults gradually without depending on the future processing) algorithm to calculate the community in an order such that a community is guaranteed not to be dominated by those generated after it. And to verify the dominance relationship between two communities, we came up with a range based comparison where the dominance rela- tionship is decided by the set of nodes each group dominates. If domination list of a group is a subset of another group, we say the second group dominates the first. Because a groups domination list contains it’s member along with the nodes they dominate. So in the example, the second group dominates every node of the first group. / Graduate
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Construction dun modèle spatial de réseaux territoriaux pour des villes intermédiaires. Réseaux des villes dans la vallée basse du Jequetepeque, côte nord du Pérou / Construction of a space model of territorial networks for medium cities Networks of cities in Jequetepeque´s low valley, peruvian north coast.

Vilela Malpartida, Marta 20 January 2009 (has links)
La croissance démographique des vingt prochaines années au pays est orientée vers les villes intermédiaires. Ceci est une possibilité substantielle pour un développement plus équitable à condition que ces villes agissent en articulation, constituant ainsi un réseau territorial des villes intermédiaires. Étant une alternative réticulaire dans un cadre doccupation urbaine très centralisé comme le Pérou. La préoccupation centrale se place sur le mode doccupation spatiale en réseau. La spatialité du réseau territorial est composée par la relation entre les centres, les liens et fondamentalement les surfaces. Ce dernier composant constat daccumulation local dans le territoire, observable dans le propre paysage, et configure le réseau dans lespace. L´étude de cas prend la vallée basse du Jequetepeque, sur la côte au nord du pays, où loccupation urbaine sest construite dans un réseau de villes intermédiaires. Ce réseau pourrait être efficient, prennent en compte des conditions spatiales et topologiques, et servir de modèle spatial pour dautres alternatives territoriales. Lapproche méthodologique se structure sur trois réseaux fondamentaux, leau, qui implique directement les surfaces et le paysage; les transports en commun, que remettent en question la relation entre les échelles et laccessibilité aux villes; et la gestion municipale, où lon trouve la dimension politique et décisionnelle. Autres approches danalyse sont, larticulation entre les échelles spatiales, les dichotomies spatiales où se placent non seulement les conflits mais les potentialités, et finalement lexistence des réseaux concernant leur efficience et possibilités. Le modèle est énoncé à partir de ses composants, les conditions spatiales et topologiques requisses pour un réseau territorial, les relations entre échelles territoriales, les variables et constants spatiales, les réseaux fondamentaux, et lorganisation spatial du réseau.
15

The social, geographical, and structural environments of minor noble residences in Angus, 1449-1542

Buchanan, Katherine Ann January 2014 (has links)
Relying upon two common trends in modern castle studies, this exploratory study works to combine the landscape context and the spatial interaction of the main building to create an assessment of the spatial and social interaction between the main residential structure of a noble’s estate and the landscape features attached to surrounding property features. To explore questions about this kind of interaction this project has taken the sheriffdom of Angus, Scotland, between the year 1450 and 1542, to examine non-royal residences in an area that offered a diverse topography. This project aims to gain a better understanding of the surroundings of late fifteenth and early sixteenth century noble residences in Angus while contributing to the growing discussion of castles and their landscapes, and testing methods for addressing the spatial and social interaction between the main structure and the landscape features. Section A discusses the three source types used for compiling the dataset for this project within the context of three key categories needed to create a GIS dataset: location, object, and attributes. From the landscape features the mills and fishings were the most commonly mentioned and further details regarding the contents of the lordly landscapes were rare. Section B explores three methods of examining the relationships between the main residence and the landscape features: a modified RA and RRA values assessment, which measured levels of segregation within the noble residence site as a whole; a version of the gravity model, which helped identify the draw for interaction within the arrangement of the noble’s landscape; and network analysis questions, which facilitated a clear assessment of any connections between the use of structural terms and landscape features mentioned over both temporal and social contexts. This exploration of spatial and social interaction opens up a discussion about Scottish noble landscape creation and new methods for studying the relationship between the main structure and the wider complex of a noble residence.
16

Vlastní pokoj: ženské vnímání prostoru ve vybraných dílech amerických autorek / The Importance of a Room of Her Own: Female Spacial Awareness in Selected American Women's Fiction

Hanžlová, Jitka January 2013 (has links)
This thesis explores the ways selected American women writers utilize spatial imagery to convey their female characters' internal and external situation. In the introductory, theoretical chapter, attention is at first paid to the representation of space in literature. Drawing upon Gaston Bachelard's Poetics of Space and Marilyn R. Chandler's Dwelling in the Text: Houses in American Fiction, space is presented as playing a role equal to that of characters and plot since it is perceived as both a production shaped by its inhabitants and a force that is, in turn, shaping them. Furthermore, the difference between female and male spatial awareness as depicted in American fiction written both by men and women is scrutinized with the result that, arguably, male characters have a tendency to regard their houses as mere tokens of their social status, whereas female characters tend to have a more intimate and emotional relationship to their living space. This passage is inspired by Virginia Woolf's A Room of One's Own. Finally, it is argued that women characters tend to develop their personalities in respect to the space they inhabit, and that domestic space can be for them either a space of confinement (the section dealing with this phenomenon is based on Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar's The Madwoman in...
17

Distribuição espacial e evolução temporal da incidência da dengue e sua correlação com variáveis entomológicas e climáticas em um município brasileiro de tríplice fronteira / Spacial distribution and temporal evolution of dengue incidence and it\'s correlation with entomological and climatic variables in a brasilian city of triple border

Meira, Mara Cristina Ripoli 05 April 2019 (has links)
A dengue é considerada uma das mais importantes arboviroses reemergentes em termos de morbidade, letalidade e implicações econômicas e ocorre em todas as regiões tropicais e subtropicais do planeta. tem demonstrado tendência ascendente, devido as suas condições ambientais, climáticas e a ineficiência das políticas públicas. No município em estudo nos últimos dez anos a cidade sofreu várias epidemias de dengue com aumento dos casos graves, hospitalizações e óbitos. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a distribuição espacial e a evolução temporal da incidência da dengue e sua correlação com variáveis entomológicas e climáticas em um município brasileiro de tríplice fronteira, no período de agosto de 2006 a julho de 2016. O estudo foi desenvolvido na cidade de Foz do Iguaçu. Foram feitas as análises descritivas, espaciais, temporais e analíticas, seguidas de testes de regressão linear simples para avaliar a correlação entre as variáveis, utilizando o programa estatístico \"R\". Foram avaliados a correlação entre a variáveis incidência da dengue e fatores climáticos e entomológicos para os anos epidêmicos e não epidêmicos em relação ao mesmo mês, um, dois e três meses antes da ocorrência da incidência da doença. Os dados foram coletados de fontes secundárias dos Sistemas de Informações em Saúde, disponibilizados pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. A base territorial geográfica utilizada foi a unidade de estrato. Os resultados mostraram que os anos epidêmicos apresentou 60% do período estudado. A incidência da doença nos anos epidêmicos foi alta, ultrapassando a 1000 casos/100 mil/habitantes e acometeu todas as regiões da cidade. Os resultados dos testes de regressão, apresentaram correlação negativa da dengue com índice de infestação Predial, para os anos epidêmicos, e positiva para os anos não epidêmicos com intervalo de dois e três meses. houve correlação positiva da dengue para os anos de epidemia com o índice de infestação do mosquito adulto, com intervalo de três meses, com a umidade relativa do ar em período simultâneo, dias de chuvas, média da temperatura média e média da temperatura máxima, com intervalo de um e dois meses, pluviosidade com intervalos de um, dois e três meses. Sendo assim pode inferir que o índice e infestação predial é fraco em estimar o risco de transmissão da doença, embora seja preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde para esse fim. O clima foi um dos principais fatores a responderem pela incidência da dengue. O intervalo de três meses, em relação ao início das epidemias, mostrou-se o período mais oportuno para realizar as ações de controle do vetor. Conclui-se que os resultados desta pesquisa podem contribuir proporcionado a precocidade da informação e viabilizando a tomada de decisão em tempo oportuno de forma a focalizar as áreas de maior risco e desta forma otimizar o serviço de campo e a prevenção das doenças causadas pelo Aedes aegypti / Dengue is considered one of the most important reemerging arboviruses in terms of morbidity, lethality and economic implications and occurs in all tropical and subtropical regions of the planet. has shown an upward trend due to its environmental, climatic conditions and the inefficiency of public policies. In the city under study in the last ten years the city suffered several epidemics of dengue with an increase in severe cases, hospitalizations and deaths. The objective of this research was to analyze the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of dengue incidence and its correlation with entomological and climatic variables in a Brazilian municipality of triple border, from August 2006 to July 2016. The study was developed in the city of Foz do Iguaçu. Descriptive, spatial and temporal analyzes were performed, followed by simple linear regression tests to evaluate the correlation between the variables, using the statistical program \"R\". The correlation between the variables dengue incidence and climatic and entomological factors for the epidemic and non-epidemic years in relation to the same month, one, two and three months before the occurrence of the disease was evaluated. Data were collected from secondary sources of the Health Information Systems, made available by the Municipal Health Department. The geographic territorial base used was the stratum unit. The results showed that the epidemic years presented 60% of the studied period. The incidence of the disease in the epidemic years was high, surpassing 1000 cases / 100 thousand / inhabitants and affected all regions of the city. The results of the regression tests showed a negative correlation of dengue with Predial infestation index for the epidemic years and positive for the non - epidemic years with two - and three - month intervals. there was a positive correlation between dengue in the epidemic years and the adult mosquito infestation index, with a three-month interval, with the relative humidity of the air in the same period, rainy days, average temperature and mean maximum temperature, with interval of one and two months, rainfall with intervals of one, two and three months. Therefore, it can be inferred that the index and land infestation is weak in estimating the risk of transmission of the disease, although it is recommended by the Ministry of Health for this purpose. The climate was one of the main factors responding to the incidence of dengue. The three-month interval, in relation to the beginning of the epidemics, proved to be the most opportune period to carry out the vector control actions. It is concluded that the results of this research can contribute to the precocity of information and enable decision making in a timely manner in order to focus on the areas of greatest risk and thus optimize the field service and prevention of diseases caused by Aedes aegypti
18

Avaliação da qualidade da água do reservatório de Itupararanga, bacia do Alto Sorocaba (SP) /

Pedrazzi, Felipe José de Moraes. January 2009 (has links)
Resumo: Considerando a grande importância da bacia do Alto do Rio Sorocaba para a região de Sorocaba, seja para o abastecimento da população, geração de energia elétrica, irrigação e usos industriais, este trabalho teve como objetivo principal avaliar a qualidade da água do reservatório de Itupararanga. O estudo foi desenvolvido pela da geração de um banco de dados georreferenciado, avaliação da qualidade de água no seu gradiente espacial (horizontal e vertical) e temporal (épocas de seca e chuvosa), visando conhecer o comportamento de alguns elementos e compostos na coluna d'água e sua distribuição neste reservatório, correlacionando-os ao uso e ocupação do solo adjacente. Assim, de acordo com os resultados obtidos no gradiente horizontal (montante-jusante) na época de seca 90% dos pontos estavam eutrofizados (IET > 54) e na época de chuva 60%. No gradiente vertical (lâmina d'águafundo) observou-se que a distribuição de elementos metálicos e nutrientes variaram de acordo com o pH e presença de clorofila-a, indicando que a eutrofização do reservatório altera as condições de crescimento de algas que por sua vez afeta a estratificação de elementos na coluna d'agua. Portanto, entende-se que são necessárias ações voltadas ao planejamento do uso e ocupação do solo e gerenciamento integrado desta importante bacia hidrográfica localizada no interior paulista. / Abstract: Considering the great importance of upper Sorocaba basin to the Sorocaba region to water supply, electric generation, irrigation and industrial uses, this work has the main objective to evaluate the water quality of Itupararanga reservoir. The study was conducted with the generation of a georreferenced data base, the water quality evaluation in the spacial gradient (horizontal and vertical distribuition) and temporal (dry and wet climate), trying to know the comportament of some elements and solutions in water column in the reservoir, trying to make the correlation between the data and land use. The results show that in horizontal gradient (upstream - downstream) in the dry period, 90% of collecting points are eutrophic (IET > 54), in the wet period, 60%. In vertical gradient (up - bottom) was observed that the distribuition of some metallic elements and some compounds varied in accordance with pH and chlorophyll-a, indicating that the reservoir eutrophization shifts the algal growing, that causes, with the temperature, stratifies elements in water column. Actions to plan the land use in this watershed are needed to reduce the environment and water quality degradation, making a integrated managing of this important watershed in countryside of São Paulo State. / Orientador: Fabiano Tomazini da Conceição / Coorientador: Washington Barbosa Leite Júnior / Banca: Rodrigo Braga Moruzzi / Banca: Alexandre Marco da Silva / Mestre
19

Por uma federação de lugares da desigualdade à solidariedade / For a federation of places from inequality to solidarity

Carloto, Denis Ricardo 19 December 2014 (has links)
A presente tese tem como objetivo principal compreender o lugar como possibilidade solidária e cooperativa na constituição da federação brasileira. O federalismo é compreendido como forma de governo que aglutina a sociedade e o território em busca de igualdade, liberdade e solidariedade, na qual, as diferenças de cada unidade são preservadas na composição da união. O federalismo brasileiro, que tem características mais corporativas do que cooperativa, acentuou as desigualdades socioespaciais ao longo do século XX com a criação de espaços opacos e luminosos. As características de escassez ou abundância das densidades que caracterizam a constituição do meio técnico-científico-informacional produzem a fragmentação do território, ocasionando os usos desiguais. A federação de lugares, solidária e cooperativa, é uma possibilidade para combater as desigualdades nos usos do território. / The objective of this work is to understand place as a solidary and cooperative possibility in the constitution of the Brazilian federation. By federalism it is meant a way of government in which the differences of each unit are preserved in the composition of the union, and that combines society and the territory in search of equality. The Brazilian federalism that has rather than corporative characteristics than cooperative ones emphasized the sociospatial inequalities in the XX century with the creation of obscure and luminous spaces. The characteristics of shortage or abundance of the densities that characterize the constitution of the technical-scientific-informational environment produce the fragmentation of the territory, bringing about inequal uses. The federalism of places is solidary and cooperative and, in this way, is a possibility to combat inequality in the use of the territory.
20

"Os operários pedem passagem! - A Geografia do operário na cidade de São Paulo (1900-1917)" / The Workers take over the streets! - The Geography of the Workers in São Paulo city ( 1900-1917)

Paula, Amir El Hakim de 26 October 2005 (has links)
A dissertação procura entender a relação entre o operário e a cidade de São Paulo no período de 1900 a 1917. Esse período é marcado por um grande crescimento populacional e geográfico da cidade, sendo que esse crescimento possibilita o surgimento de novos bairros na capital paulista. Por meio desse trabalho, demonstramos que conforme a cidade crescia surgia nela um processo de segregação espacial, separando geograficamente, em bairros com distintas paisagens, as classes mais populares (como os operários) e a elite paulistana, representada principalmente pela burguesia cafeeira e/ou burguesia industrial. Com esse processo de segregação espacial, os operários ficaram circunscritos à bairros sem muita infra-estrutura urbana (como ruas asfaltadas e arborizadas, serviços de água e esgoto), em contrapartida ao fato de serem eles os principais construtores da cidade. A partir disso, buscamos entender como ocorreria um questionamento a essa segregação espacial, ou seja, como e quando os operários, enquanto movimento organizado, "invadiam" as regiões mais centrais da cidade. Analisando as lutas contra a Carestia de Vida e a Greve de 1917, percebemos que, em momentos de grande agitação social, o operário chegava ao centro e questionava essa "ordem" urbana. Sendo assim, percebemos que a geografia do operário na cidade vai muito além de simplesmente localizar esse trabalhador na cidade. Ela passa a entender também o significado desse processo de apropriação espacial. / This dissertation is a search to understand the relation between the worker and the city of São Paulo from 1900 to 1917. Noticeably, in the period, there is rapid population and geographical growth which enables the development of new districts in the capital of the state of São Paulo. In this the dissertation, we demonstrated that as the city developed a spacial segregation process was brought about, separating geographically into districts with distinet layouts the more popular classes (as the workers) and the São Paulo elite, represented mainly by the coffee grower and/or the industrial bourgeoisies. In this special segregation process the workers were circumscribed (such as asphalt and trees along services) in spite of the fact that they are the main city builders. From this starting point we attempt to understand what would be a questioring on this spacial segregation or rather, how and when the workers, as an organized movement "invaded" the city center. Analyzing the struggles against the high cost of living and strike in 1917, we notice that in periods of great social commotion the workers get to the city center and question this urban "order". Thus, we perceive that the geography of the workers in the city goes far beyond to simply localize them in the city. It also analyses the meaning of this special take over process.

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