Diferentes administrações públicas municipais adotam bancos de dados geográficos e sistemas de informações geográficas como ferramentas auxiliares para realização de procedimentos relacionados ao cadastramento de imóveis urbanos. Consequentemente, tais sistemas são desenvolvidos de acordo com diferentes realidades e demandas e têm diferentes características. Nesse mesmo sentido, observa-se que a tecnologia proporciona diversas possibilidades de concepção e a adoção de diferentes modelos. Não obstante, por razões de eficiência, determinados modelos se apresentam como vantajosos para bancos de dados geográficos e sistemas de informações geográficas voltados para cadastramento imobiliário urbano, seja do ponto de vista de sua implementação ou de seus resultados. O presente estudo procura abranger os principais modelos disponíveis e suas características, porém dá maior ênfase para a aplicação efetiva da tecnologia, por meio da adoção de um estudo de caso, com o objetivo de analisar o potencial de utilização dos bancos de dados geográficos, implementados com tais propósitos, para aplicação em outras áreas de atuação da administração pública municipal, em especial na gestão e no planejamento urbano. / Different municipal government administrations use geographic data bases and geographic information systems as tools for urban buildings cadaster procedures. As a result, these systems are developed according to the different realities and demands, having different characteristics. In the same way, it\'s observed that the technology allows many conception possibilities and the adoption of different models. By efficiency reasons, some models appear to be more helpful for geographic data bases and geographic information systems used to cadaster urban buildings, in the implementation point of view and for their results. The present research tries to look over the primary models offered and their characteristics, but giving special attention for the effective application of the technology by adopting a case study, it tries to analyze the utilization potential of the geographic data bases, used for those purposes, to be applied on other municipal administration areas, specially on the management and on the urban planning.

Diferentes administrações públicas municipais adotam bancos de dados geográficos e sistemas de informações geográficas como ferramentas auxiliares para realização de procedimentos relacionados ao cadastramento de imóveis urbanos. Consequentemente, tais sistemas são desenvolvidos de acordo com diferentes realidades e demandas e têm diferentes características. Nesse mesmo sentido, observa-se que a tecnologia proporciona diversas possibilidades de concepção e a adoção de diferentes modelos. Não obstante, por razões de eficiência, determinados modelos se apresentam como vantajosos para bancos de dados geográficos e sistemas de informações geográficas voltados para cadastramento imobiliário urbano, seja do ponto de vista de sua implementação ou de seus resultados. O presente estudo procura abranger os principais modelos disponíveis e suas características, porém dá maior ênfase para a aplicação efetiva da tecnologia, por meio da adoção de um estudo de caso, com o objetivo de analisar o potencial de utilização dos bancos de dados geográficos, implementados com tais propósitos, para aplicação em outras áreas de atuação da administração pública municipal, em especial na gestão e no planejamento urbano. / Different municipal government administrations use geographic data bases and geographic information systems as tools for urban buildings cadaster procedures. As a result, these systems are developed according to the different realities and demands, having different characteristics. In the same way, it\'s observed that the technology allows many conception possibilities and the adoption of different models. By efficiency reasons, some models appear to be more helpful for geographic data bases and geographic information systems used to cadaster urban buildings, in the implementation point of view and for their results. The present research tries to look over the primary models offered and their characteristics, but giving special attention for the effective application of the technology by adopting a case study, it tries to analyze the utilization potential of the geographic data bases, used for those purposes, to be applied on other municipal administration areas, specially on the management and on the urban planning.

Submitted by Alison Vanceto (alison-vanceto@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-17T12:19:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseEFM.pdf: 31334481 bytes, checksum: 966afb8a981794db0aee3bc97ee11d5b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (producaointelectual.bco@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-25T17:55:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseEFM.pdf: 31334481 bytes, checksum: 966afb8a981794db0aee3bc97ee11d5b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (producaointelectual.bco@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-25T17:55:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseEFM.pdf: 31334481 bytes, checksum: 966afb8a981794db0aee3bc97ee11d5b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-25T18:01:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseEFM.pdf: 31334481 bytes, checksum: 966afb8a981794db0aee3bc97ee11d5b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-17 / Não recebi financiamento / The huge volume of spatial data generated and made available in recent years from different sources, such as remote sensing, smart phones, space telescopes, and satellites, has motivated researchers and practitioners around the world to find out a way to process efficiently this huge volume of spatial data. Systems based on the MapReduce programming paradigm, such as Hadoop, have proven to be an efficient framework for processing huge volumes of data in many applications. However, Hadoop has showed not to be adequate in native support for spatial data due to its central structure is not aware of the spatial characteristics of such data. The solution to this problem gave rise to SpatialHadoop, which is a Hadoop extension with native support for spatial data. However, SpatialHadoop does not enable to jointly allocate related spatial data and also does not take into account any characteristics of the data in the process of task scheduler for processing on the nodes of a cluster of computers. Given this scenario, this PhD dissertation aims to propose new strategies to improve the performance of the processing of the spatial join operations for huge volumes of data using SpatialHadoop. For this purpose, the proposed solutions explore the joint allocation of related spatial data and the scheduling strategy of MapReduce for related spatial data also allocated in a jointly form. The efficient data access is an essential step in achieving better performance during query processing. Therefore, the proposed solutions allow the reduction of network traffic and I/O operations to the disk and consequently improve the performance of spatial join processing by using SpatialHadoop. By means of experimental evaluations, it was possible to show that the novel data allocation policies and scheduling tasks actually improve the total processing time of the spatial join operations. The performance gain varied from 14.7% to 23.6% if compared to the baseline proposed by CoS-HDFS and varied from 8.3% to 65% if compared to the native support of SpatialHadoop. / A explosão no volume de dados espaciais gerados e disponibilizados nos últimos anos, provenientes de diferentes fontes, por exemplo, sensoriamento remoto, telefones inteligentes, telescópios espaciais e satélites, motivaram pesquisadores e profissionais em todo o mundo a encontrar uma forma de processar de forma eficiente esse grande volume de dados espaciais. Sistemas baseados no paradigma de programação MapReduce, como exemplo Hadoop, provaram ser durante anos um framework eficiente para o processamento de enormes volumes de dados em muitas aplicações. No entanto, o Hadoop demonstrou não ser adequado no suporte nativo a dados espaciais devido a sua estrutura central não ter conhecimento das características espaciais desses dados. A solução para este problema deu origem ao SpatialHadoop, uma extensão do Hadoop, com suporte nativo para dados espaciais. Entretanto o SpatialHadoop não é capaz de alocar conjuntamente dados espaciais relacionados e também não leva em consideração qualquer característica dos dados no processo de escalonamento das tarefas para processamento nos nós de um cluster de computadores. Diante deste cenário, esta tese tem por objetivo propor novas estratégias para melhorar o desempenho do processamento das operações de junção espacial para grandes volumes de dados usando o SpatialHadoop. Para tanto, as soluções propostas exploram a alocação conjunta dos dados espaciais relacionados e a estratégia de escalonamento de tarefas MapReduce para dados espaciais relacionados também alocados de forma conjunta. Acredita-se que o acesso eficiente aos dados é um passo essencial para alcançar um melhor desempenho durante o processamento de consultas. Desta forma, as soluções propostas permitem a redução do tráfego de rede e operações de Entrada/Saída para o disco e consequentemente melhoram o desempenho no processamento de junção espacial usando SpatialHadoop. Por meio de testes de desempenho experimentais foi possível comprovar que as novas políticas de alocação de dados e escalonamento de tarefas de fato melhoram o tempo total de processamento das operações de junção espacial. O ganho de desempenho variou de 14,7% a 23,6% com relação ao baseline proposto por CoS-HDFS e variou de 8,3% a 65% com relação ao suporte nativo do SpatialHadoop.

Έχει διαπιστωθεί ότι η διαχείριση και η προστασία των υδατικών πόρων στον ελληνικό χώρο βρίσκεται σε αρκετά πρώιμο στάδιο. Αν και η Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση έχει εκδώσει Κοινοτικές Οδηγίες που καλύπτουν την ανάγκες ενός πλαισίου διαχείρισης αυτών από το 2000, η ένταξή τους στην ελληνική πραγματικότητα δεν έχει επιτευχθεί πλήρως μέχρι σήμερα. Ειδικότερα όσον αφορά τους υδατικούς πόρους που κατανέμονται μεταξύ δύο ή και περισσότερων διοικητικών ενοτήτων, η αειφορική διαχείριση και προστασία τους γίνεται ακόμα δυσκολότερη, καθώς στις περισσότερες των περιπτώσεων δεν είναι δυνατή η σύσταση ενιαίου φορέα διαχείρισής τους. Κρίνεται, λοιπόν, αναγκαία η συλλογή και καταγραφή των δραστηριοτήτων που φαίνεται να επηρεάζουν αρνητικά την ποιότητα των υδάτων και του γύρω περιβάλλοντος της περιοχής. Ακόμη, ιδιαίτερα βοηθητική θεωρείται η καταχώρηση αυτών σε ηλεκτρονικές βάσεις δεδομένων, ώστε να είναι ευκολότερη η συλλογική εύρεση και επεξεργασία τους. Σημαντικό μέρος των δεδομένων αυτών (π.χ. πηγές ρύπανσης) διαθέτει και χωρική πληροφορία, με συνέπεια οι βάσεις δεδομένων που θα αναπτυχθούν να ενισχύονται υποχρεωτικά με χωρικές λειτουργίες. Αυτό είναι εφικτό με τη δημιουργία χωρικών βάσεων δεδομένων, οι οποίες μπορούν να αποθηκεύουν, να διαχειρίζονται και να ανακτούν με αποτελεσματικότητα μεγάλο όγκο χωρικής πληροφορίας. Αντικείμενο της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής εργασίας αποτελεί ο σχεδιασμός και η υλοποίηση ενός συστήματος χωρικής βάσης δεδομένων για τη λεκάνη απορροής του Αλφειού ποταμού, καθώς η συλλογή στοιχείων για τις δραστηριότητες που αναπτύσσονται γύρω από τον ποταμό ανέδειξε σημαντικά προβλήματα ρύπανσης και υποβάθμισης της ποιότητας των υδάτων της περιοχής. Επιδιώκεται η συγκέντρωση, ανάλυση και επεξεργασία όλων των χαρακτηριστικών της περιοχής που επηρεάζουν αρνητικά τους υδατικούς πόρους και το περιβάλλον αυτής, με στόχο τον υπολογισμό των ρυπαντικών φορτίων που καταλήγουν στον Αλφειό. Στα πρώτα κεφάλαια της εργασίας παρουσιάζεται το νομοθετικό πλαίσιο σχετικά με τη διαχείριση των υδατικών πόρων σε ευρωπαϊκό και εθνικό επίπεδο, καθώς και τα βασικά χαρακτηριστικά της υφιστάμενης κατάστασης της λεκάνης απορροής, τα οποία επηρεάζουν άμεσα ή έμμεσα τους υδατικούς πόρους, καθώς και ποιοι είναι αυτοί. Στη συνέχεια, πραγματοποιείται ο καθορισμός των απαιτήσεων των χρηστών και ο σχεδιασμός της βάσης δεδομένων, όπου παρατίθενται τα δεδομένα που πρόκειται να εισαχθούν στη βάση. Ακολούθως, αναλύονται οι τεχνολογίες το λογισμικό ελεύθερου και ανοιχτού κώδικα και που επιλέχθηκε για τη σύσταση της βάσης. Σε τελικό στάδιο περιγράφεται η διαδικασία υλοποίησης της βάσης και πραγματοποιείται ο υπολογισμός των ρυπαντικών φορτίων αζώτου (Ν), φωσφόρου (Ρ) και οργανικών ενώσεων μέσω της εκτέλεσης πολύπλοκων και σύνθετων ερωτημάτων επί των δεδομένων με χρήση της Γλώσσας Δομικής Αναζήτησης (SQL). / It has been established that the management and protection of water resources in Greece is at a very early stage. Even though the European Union issued EU Directives that cover the needs of such a management framework since 2000, the integration into the Greek reality has not been fully achieved so far. In particular regarding water resources allocated between two or more administrative units, the sustainable management and protection becomes even more difficult, since in most cases a single management structure is unable to be established. Therefore, the collection and recording of activities that seem to adversely affect the quality of the water and the surrounding environment of the region is necessary. Still, particularly auxiliary is the inclusion on electronic databases, so it is easier to find collective and edit them. An important part of such data (e.g. pollution sources) has spatial information, so the databases will be developed in order to be assisted with spatial functions required. This is possible by creating spatial databases that can store, manage and retrieve efficiently large volumes of spatial information. The purpose of this thesis is the design and implementation of a system of a spatial database for the catchment area of the River Alfeios (Alpheus). As the collection of data on the activities developed around the river showed, there are significant problems of pollution and degradation of water quality in the region. It is pursued the collection, analysis and processing of all the features of the area negatively affecting water resources and the environment, in order to estimate pollutant loads, resulting in Alfeios. In the first chapters of the thesis are presented the legislative framework for the management of water resources at European and national level and the basic characteristics of the existing situation in the catchment area, which directly or indirectly affect water resources and what they are. Then, take place the setting of user requirements and the design of the database, in which the data are going to be imported. Next, analyzes the technologies, as well as the free and open source software chosen for the establishment of the base. At the final stage, the implementation process of the base is described and the calculation of pollutant loads of nitrogen (n), phosphorus (p) and organic compounds through the execution of complex and compound queries on data using Structural Query Language (SQL).

Aujourd’hui, les recherches autour du stockage et de l’intégration des données spatiales constituent un maillon important qui redynamise les recherches sur la qualité des données. La prise en compte de l’imperfection des données géographiques, particulièrement l’imprécision, ajoute une réelle complexification. Parallèlement à l’augmentation des exigences de qualité centrées sur les données (précision, exhaustivité, actualité), les besoins en information intelligible ne cessent d’augmenter. Sous cet angle, nous sommes intéressés aux bases de données géographiques imprécises (BDGI) et leur cohérence. Ce travail de thèse présente des solutions pour la modélisation et la construction des BDGI et cohérentes pour les SGBD SQL et NoSQL.Les méthodes de modélisation conceptuelle de données géographiques imprécises proposées ne permettent pas de répondre de façon satisfaisante aux besoins de modélisation du monde réel. Nous présentons une version étendue de l’approche F-Perceptory pour la conception de BDGI. Afin de construire la BDGI dans un système relationnel, nous présentons un ensemble de règles de transformation automatique de modèles pour générer à partir du modèle conceptuel flou le modèle physique. Nous implémentons ces solutions sous forme d’un prototype baptisé FPMDSG.Pour les systèmes NoSQL type document. Nous présentons un modèle logique baptisé Fuzzy GeoJSON afin de mieux cerner la structure des données géographiques imprécises. En plus, ces systèmes manquent de pertinence pour la cohérence des données ; nous présentons une méthodologie de validation pour un stockage cohérent. Les solutions proposées sont implémentées sous forme d'un processus de validation. / Today, research on the storage and the integration of spatial data is an important element that revitalizes the research on data quality. Taking into account the imperfection of geographic data particularly the imprecision adds a real complexity. Along with the increase in the quality requirements centered on data (accuracy, completeness, topicality), the need for intelligible information (logically consistent) is constantly increasing. From this point of view, we are interested in Imprecise Geographic Databases (IGDBs) and their logical coherence. This work proposes solutions to build consistent IGDBs for SQL and NoSQL database systems.The design methods proposed to imprecise geographic data modeling do not satisfactorily meet the modeling needs of the real world. We present an extension to the F-Perceptory approach for IGDBs design. To generate a coherent definition of the imprecise geographic objects and built the IGDB into relational system, we present a set of rules for automatic models transformation. Based on these rules, we develop a process to generate the physical model from the fuzzy conceptual model. We implement these solutions as a prototype called FPMDSG.For NoSQL document oriented databases, we present a logical model called Fuzzy GeoJSON to better express the structure of imprecise geographic data. In addition, these systems lack relevance for data consistency; therefore, we present a validation methodology for consistent storage. The proposed solutions are implemented as a schema driven pipeline based on Fuzzy GeoJSON schema and semantic constraints.

Submitted by Luis Ricardo Andrade da Silva (lrasilva@uefs.br) on 2016-03-01T21:58:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 disserta??o.pdf: 1075417 bytes, checksum: 1ac0911a0f45578306a02c8eae7a090f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-01T21:58:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 disserta??o.pdf: 1075417 bytes, checksum: 1ac0911a0f45578306a02c8eae7a090f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / With the popularity of devices that are able to annotate data with spatial information (latitude and longitude), the processing of spatial queries has received a lot of attention from the research community recently. In this dissertation, we study a new query type named Top-k Spatial Keyword Preference Query that selects objects of interest based on the textual relevance of other spatio-textual objects in their spatial neighborhood. This work introduces this new query type, presents three algorithms for processing the query efficiently and performs an experimental evaluation using real databases to study the performance of the proposed algorithms. / Com a popularidade de dispositivos capazes de anotar dados com coordenadas espaciais (latitude e longitude), o processamento de consultas espaciais tem recebido bastante aten??o da comunidade cient?fica recentemente. Esta disserta??o apresenta uma nova consulta, chamada Consulta Espacial Preferencial por Palavra-chave, que seleciona objetos de interesse de acordo com a relev?ncia textual de outros objetos espa?o-textuais presentes na sua vizinhan?a espacial. Este trabalho introduz esta nova consulta, apresenta tr?s algoritmos para process?-la de forma eficiente e avalia o desempenho dos algoritmos propostos atrav?s de um estudo experimental, utilizando bases de dados reais.

The objective of this master thesis is to design and develop a real-time storage system for geographic data from driving school trips. The system provides tools for analysis and evaluation of practice trips. This system is an extension of the DoAutoskoly.cz project which is described in the text. The next part contains an introduction to geographical data, spatial data and available databases with spatial extensions. The understanding to spatial databases is very important for the system design, an explanation of a solution for a database layer and implementation of major parts. Solution for a graphical view of the results and possible extensions of the system are described in the last part of this thesis.

The progress in genome research demands for an adequate infrastructure to analyze the data sets. Database systems reflect a key technology to organize data and speed up the analysis process. This paper discusses the role of a relational database system based on the problem of finding frequent substructures in multi-dimensional protein databases. The specific problem consists of producing a set of association rules regarding frequent substructures with different lengths and gaps between the amino acid residues of a protein. From a database point of view, the process of finding association rules building the base for a more in-depth analysis of the data material is split into two parts. The first part performs a discretization of the conformational angle space of a single amino acid residue by computing the nearest neighbor of a given set of representatives. The second part consists in adapting a well-known association rule algorithm to determine the frequent substructures. Both steps within this comprehensive analysis task requires substantial support of the underlying database in order to reduce the programming overhead at the application level.

No description available.

Modern Web or ¿Eternal-Beta¿ applications necessitate a flexible and easy-to-use data management platform that allows the evolutionary development of databases and applications. The classical approach of relational database systems following strictly the ACID properties has to be extended by an extensible and easy-to-use persistency layer with specialized DB features. Using the underlying concept of Software as a Service (SaaS) also enables an economic advantage based on the ¿economy of the scale¿, where application and system environments only need to be provided once but can be used by thousands of users. Within this tutorial, we are looking at the current state-of-the-art from different perspectives. We outline foundations and techniques to build database services based on the SaaS-paradigm. We discuss requirements from a programming perspective, show different dimensions in the context of consistency and reliability, and also describe different non-functional properties under the umbrella of Service-Level agreements (SLA).