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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Une pratique contemporaine de l’éducation métamorphique : l’étude de l’Experiment en école d’ingénieurs ICAM. / A current practice of metamorphic education : analysis of the “Experiment” in ICAM Institute of engineering

Laumas Bossard, Sophie 17 June 2016 (has links)
Notre recherche en Sciences de l’Education s’inscrit dans le champ de l’éducation métamorphique, à savoir visant la transformation du sujet par lui-même, en prenant appui sur l’analyse du dispositif de l’Experiment. Il s’agit, pour les étudiants ingénieurs de l’Institut Catholique des Arts et Métiers, de réaliser un projet de voyage d’une durée de quatre mois, en lien avec un désir personnel dont les formes peuvent varier. Nous restituons le contexte de ce dispositif dans un premier temps. L’Experiment relevant d’une pédagogie ignatienne, nous sommes amenés à examiner l’anthropologie d’Ignace de Loyola, en l’éclairant par des approches contemporaines pour engager la question de la métamorphose du sujet et la construction de son éthicité, dans un second temps. Enfin, nous montrons, par une double approche méthodologique, c'est-à-dire l’analyse structurale d’entretiens et la mise en place d’un atelier d’écriture, que la conjonction du voyage et de l’écriture peut faire de l’Experiment un exercice spirituel émancipatoire pour les étudiants. Nous questionnons donc l’articulation de la formation de soi et du rôle de l’institution, en vue de l’émancipation du sujet. / This research in the Education is part of the metamorphic education field which aims at the transformation of a subject by himself. It’s based on the analysis of the device of the “Experiment”. The student-engineers from the “Institut Catholique des Arts et Métiers” are to organise a 4-month travel project in relation with their personal yearnings. This project can take different forms. First of all, we will account for the context of this device. Then, we will examine the anthropology of Loyola since the “Experiment” is based on his pedagogy. Enlightening this anthropology by current approaches, the questions of the metamorphosis of the subject and the construction of his eticity will be considered. Finally, using a double methodology ie both a structural analysis of interviews and the setting of a writing workshop, we will show to what extend the mix between the writing and the travel leads the “Experiment” to a spiritual exercise of emancipation for the students. The articulation between self training and the role of the Institution - aiming at the emancipation of the subject - will be questioned
12

L'Art de l'interprétation chez Pierre Hadot

Comtois, Nicolas 05 1900 (has links)
La présente étude a pour but d’examiner la place qu’occupe l’art de l’interprétation dans la trajectoire du philosophe français Pierre Hadot. Celui-ci est connu avant tout pour avoir redéfini la philosophie comme un mode de vie fondé sur la pratique d’exercices spirituels. Or il a indiqué dans des entretiens où il est revenu sur son propre parcours que c’étaient les difficultés posées par la lecture des textes anciens qui l’avaient poussé à formuler cette thèse. L’hypothèse que nous défendons est que l’on peut retracer à partir de cette indication l’itinéraire herméneutique de Pierre Hadot et ainsi offrir un éclairage nouveau sur la philosophie comme manière de vivre. Cet itinéraire prend sa source dans un moment de conversion, qu’il faut associer à sa formation à l’histoire et à la lecture, concomitante, des Recherches philosophiques de Wittgenstein. Il se présente ensuite selon deux voies qui sont à la fois concurrentes et complémentaires. Pierre Hadot ouvre d’abord une enquête au sujet des métaphores et des images, qui l’amène à forger le concept de contresens créateur, lequel trouve notamment son inspiration dans la métaphorologie de Hans Blumenberg. Il développe dans la foulée une réflexion sur la notion d’auteur qui le conduit à s’intéresser aux notions de sens et de signification telles que mises en avant par Eric Donald Hirsch et à formuler lui-même l’idée d’une « coincidentia oppositorum » entre l’interprétation objective du texte et son appropriation subjective. La redéfinition de la philosophie que développe Pierre Hadot dans sa pensée plus tardive peut être considérée comme étant le fruit de la convergence entre cet itinéraire herméneutique et l’itinéraire spirituel qui remonte à ses années de jeunesse et à l’expérience du sentiment océanique. Elle est révélatrice de l’influence qu’a pu exercer sur lui sa formation théologique, notamment à travers les œuvres du cardinal John Henry Newman et du théologien luthérien Rudolf Bultmann. Notre recherche a par ailleurs pour résultat de montrer le rôle de fil conducteur que joue dans l’itinéraire herméneutique de Pierre Hadot la notion de topos, notamment sous l’influence de la topique historique d’Ernst Robert Curtius. L’exercice spirituel, notion centrale de la philosophie comme manière de vivre, se présente au bout du compte comme un topos pratique, offrant une forme stable qui est néanmoins susceptible d’être réinventée dans le temps et qui peut servir de support à la conversion philosophique pour des générations successives. / Our goal in the present thesis is to examine what role is devoted to the art of interpretation in the trajectory of the French philosopher Pierre Hadot. Pierre Hadot is known, first and foremost, for his redefinition of philosophy as a way of life grounded in the practice of spiritual exercises. He stipulated in conversations where he looked back on his own personal and intellectual journey that the difficulties he found in old texts were what led him to defend this thesis. We argue that it is possible, based on that observation, to sketch Pierre Hadot’s hermeneutical itinerary and thus to shed a new light on philosophy as a way of life. The origin of this itinerary is to be found in a time of conversion related to his training as a historian and the coincident reading of Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations. It unfolds in two paths that compete with one another at the same time as they complement one another. Pierre Hadot first opens an investigation regarding metaphors and images, which leads him to draw up the concept of creative mistake (contresens créateur) and that finds part of its inspiration in the metaphorology of Hans Blumenberg. He then develops a defense of the author that is related to the notions of meaning and significance as they present themselves in the thought of Eric Donald Hirsch and formulates the idea of a “coincidentia oppositorum” between the objective interpretation of a text and its subjective appropriation. The redefinition of philosophy that we find in Pierre Hadot’s later thinking can be seen as the product of a convergence between that hermeneutical itinerary and the spiritual itinerary that goes back to his youth and the experience of the oceanic feeling (sentiment océanique). It is revelatory of the influence his theological training had upon him and particularly the works of Cardinal John Henry Newman and Lutheran theologian Rudolf Bultmann. Another result of our investigation is to show how the concept of topos acts as a unifying thread in Pierre Hadot’s hermeneutical itinerary, in part due to the influence of Ernst Robert Curtius’ historical topics. The spiritual exercises that are so central to philosophy as a way of life in the end present themselves as practical topoi, whose form is stable and that nevertheless can be reinvented through time and thus can be the support of philosophical conversion from one generation to the next.
13

Inner Experience : An Analysis of Scientific Experience in Early Modern Germany

Rydberg, Andreas January 2017 (has links)
In the last decades a number of studies have shed light on early modern scientific experience. While some of these studies have focused on how new facts were forced out of nature in so-called experimental situations, others have charted long-term transformations. In this dissertation I explore a rather different facet of scientific experience by focusing on the case of the Prussian university town Halle in the period from the late seventeenth till the mid-eighteenth century. At this site philosophers, theologians and physicians were preoccupied with categories such as inner senses, inner experience, living experience, psychological experiments and psychometrics. In the study I argue that these hitherto almost completely overlooked categories take us away from observations of external things to the internal organisation of experience and to entirely internal objects of experience. Rather than seeing this internal side of scientific experience as mere theory and epistemology, I argue that it was an integral and central part of what has been referred to as the cultura animi tradition, that is, the philosophical and medical tradition of approaching the soul as something in need of cultivation, education, disciplination and cure. The study contains four empirical chapters. In the first chapter I analyse the meaning and function of experience in Christian Wolff’s philosophy understood as spiritual exercise and cultura animi. In the second chapter I examine experience in the theologian Hermann Francke’s cultura animi, focusing particularly on the relation between scientific experience and what scholars have referred to as religious experience. In the third chapter I chart aesthetic experience in Alexander Baumgarten’s aesthetics. In the fourth chapter I examine the role of experience in the medicine of Georg Ernst Stahl, Friedrich Hoffmann and their followers. The analysis of medical experience channels the discussion into questions regarding the relation between the cultura animi tradition and the kind of attitudes, practices and processes that have been connected to modern objectivity.

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