Innovationen in der Berufsschullehrraus- und -weiterbildung sind wichtige und anspruchsvolle Vorhaben. Durch eine verbesserte Qualifizierung der Lehrenden an berufsbildenden Schulen sollen die Jugendlichen in ihrer Berufsausbildung verlässlicher befähigt werden, fachliche, soziale und andere Kompetenzen für die Arbeitswelt und auch andere gesellschaftliche Bereich zu erwerben und wirkungsvoll anzuwenden (vgl. Ursula, Seite 5). Im Kontext der Diskussion um Standards für die Lehrerausbildung spielen Standards für das erziehungswissenschaftliche Studium eine besonders wichtige Rolle, weil dieses in besonderer Weise an Kompetenzen für den späteren Lehrerberuf ausgerichtet sein soll. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die folgenden Ausführungen zu Fragen der Standards für das erziehungswissenschaftliche Studium angestellt (vgl. Tulodziecki 2006, S. 51). Als die Vocational Teacher Training Division (VTTD), Faculty of Engineering, National University of Laos im Verlauf des Akademisierens der technischen Lehrerausbildung 2004 den Auftrag erhielt, das Studium des beruflichen Lehrer für die Berufsschulen als 1. Phase der Berufsschullehrerausbildung mit Bachelor-Abschluss durchzuführen, stieß diese neue universitäre Aufgabe auf manche Widerstände. Denn mussten kurzfristig Studienpläne entworfen sowie Stundenpläne koordiniert und organisiert werden. Die VTTD wurde am 23. März 2004 als Vocational Teacher Training Unit (VTTU) vom Ministry of Education (MoE) genehmigt. Herr Vixay VANKHAM leitete damals die VTTU, stellte insgesamt vier Angestellte ein und gründete am 10. Februar 2005 die Vocational Teacher Training Division. Im Laufe des Entwicklung der VTTD hat Dr. Rolf GENNRICH, Direktor of Lao-German Programme on Human Resource Development for Market Ecomony (HRDME), diesen Prozess unterstützt. Als Experte der Berufs- und beruflichen Lehrerausbildung trug Prof. Dr. Hanno HORTSCH maßgeblich zur Entwicklung des Framework, des Modells und des Konzepts der beruflichen Lehrerausbildung in Laos bei und besuchte das Land im März 2001, im Januar 2003, im May 2005 und im März 2007. Als lokaler Experte ist Herr Bounseng KHAMMOUNTY, jetziger Head of Vocational Teacher Training Division zuständig. Die VTTD wird zukünftig zu einem Vocational Teacher Department (VTD) weiterentwickelt. Anstatt Dr. Rolf GENNRICH wird Herr Peter POZORSKI (GTZ) die Entwicklung weiter unterstützen und (siehe Kapitel 2), den Prozess der Stabilisierung der Berufsschullehrerausbildung nach der Untersuchung der „Standards für berufliche Lehrkräfte in Laos P.D.R- Gestaltungsansätze für die Anpassung der beruflichen Lehreraus- und –weiterbildung“ begleiten. Generell sollten bei den theoretischen Überlegungen und den praktischen Maßnahmen die Komplexität der Lehrerausbildung insgesamt, die vorhandenen wechselseitigen Abhängigkeiten und die Notwendigkeiten zu Kooperation und Koordination bei den beteiligten Institutionen beachtet werden.

Cette thèse présente deux tests d'invariance de Lorentz, réalisés dans le cadre de l'Extension du Modèle Standard (SME). Le premier a pour objectif une recherche de violation dans le secteur SME de la matière, grâce aux données d'une horloge à atomes froids de 133Cs. La recherche de variations de la fréquence de transition hyperfine de cet atome a permis de contraindre plusieurs coefficients SME liés aux protons et aux neutrons, avec une sensibilité améliorant jusqu'à 12 ordres de grandeur les limites actuelles sur ces derniers. Le second test a été réalisé grâce aux données de la mission spatiale MICROSCOPE, en vol depuis le 25 avril 2016, qui a pour but de tester le Principe d'Équivalence faible avec une précision de l’ordre de 10−15 sur le paramètre d'Eötvös. Nous avons utilisé les mesures MICROSCOPE pour contraindre des violations d'invariance de Lorentz dues à un couplage entre matière et gravitation, en recherchant des variations de l'accélération relative de deux masses d'épreuve selon l'orientation de l'axe sensible de l'instrument, un double accéléromètre électrostatique. Les premiers résultats, obtenus grâce à l'analyse de cinq sessions de mesures, ont déjà démontré une amélioration jusqu'à 4 ordres de grandeur des contraintes sur deux coefficients du secteur SME de la matière couplée à la gravitation. / This thesis presents two Lorentz invariance tests, performed within the Standard Model Extension framework (SME). The first one is a search for a violation in the matter sector of the SME, using data from a cold atom clock. The search for variations in the hyperfine transition frequency of 133Cs allowed us to constrain several SME coefficients related to protons and neutrons, with a sensitivity improving by up to 12 orders of magnitude the current best laboratory limits on these coefficients. The second test was carried out using the data from the MICROSCOPE space mission, in flight since April 2016, which is intended to test the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) with an accuracy of 10−15 on the Eötvös parameter. In this experiment, a coupling between matter and gravitation could lead to Lorentz violation signals and therefore to variations in relative acceleration of two test masses depending on the satellite orientation. The relative acceleration is measured by a differential electrostatic accelerometer. The first results, obtained through the analysis of five sessions, have already demonstrated an improvement of up to 4 orders of magnitude of the constraints on two coefficients of the SME sector of matter-gravity couplings.

There is no established standard for how Internet of Things devices are communicating with each other, every manufacturer uses their own proprietary software and protocols. This makes it difficult to ensure the best possible user experience. There are several projects that can become a standard for how devices discovering, communicating, networking etc. The goal for this thesis work was to compare such software frameworks in some areas and investigate how Inteno’s operating system Iopsys OS can be complemented by implement one of these frameworks. A literature study gave two candidates for the comparison, AllJoyn and Bonjour. The result of the comparison showed that AllJoyn was the most appropriate choice for Inteno to implement into their OS. AllJoyn was chosen because it has a potential to become an established standard and includes tools for easy implementation. To make a proof of concept, an AllJoyn application was created. The application together with a JavaScript web page, can show and control options for an AllJoyn Wi-Fi manager application and AllJoyn enabled lamps. / Det finns ingen etablerad standard för hur enheter inom Internet of Things kommunicerar med varandra. När alla tillverkare använder sina egna programvaror och protokoll, försvårar det möjligheten att skapa bästa möjliga användarvänlighet. Det finns flera projekt som utvecklar mjukvaruramverk, flera av dessa har möjligheten att bli en standard för hur enheter upptäcker, kommunicerar mm. Målet med examensarbete var att jämföra sådana mjukvaruramverk inom vissa områden samt att undersöka hur Intenos operativsystem Iopsys OS kan förbättras genom att implementera ett av dessa ramverk. En litteraturstudie gav två kandidater till jämförelsen, AllJoyn och Bonjour. Resultatet av jämförelsen visade att AllJoyn var det lämpligaste valet för Inteno att implementera i sitt operativsystem. AllJoyn valdes eftersom den har potential att bli en etablerad standard och innehåller verktyg för enkel implementering. För att bevisa konceptet, skapades ett AllJoyn-program. Programmet kan tillsammans med JavaScript generera en webbsida där användaren kan styra Wi-Fi inställningar och styra lampor via AllJoyn.

SECO Tools manufactures tool inserts for all types of metal cutting machining. (Ti,W)C is a common raw material used in the production. At arrival, the material (Ti,W)C is always analyzed. Titanium has previously been analysed with x-ray fluorescence spectrometry, but as the calibration has previously been performed with two different types of titanium (rutile and metallic titanium), the results has differed. Because of that, this thesis project has been devoted to analyze titanium, to find the best titanium compound for producing standards. The work has been performed using literature studies and many experiments in the laboratories at SECO Tools inFagersta,Sweden. This project has included about ten working weeks. In this report the analysis methods of x-ray fluorescence spectrometry and spectrophotometry is described, as the methods has been used in the experiments. A big problem that was discovered during this project was the big standard deviation of results for the method used for analysing titanium with x-ray fluorescence. Because of that, much time of this project has been devoted to experiments trying to reduce the standard deviation between the samples, as this is vital to performing a reliable calibration. A variety of experiments has been performed without reducing the standard deviation between the samples to below 0.2 % -units for the (Ti, W) C-samples.

8 ABSTRACT This thesis discusses the theme: "The principles of the safe administration of medication and it's impact on the quality of care". This work is divided into two sections - theoretical and practical. The main purpose of the theroretical part is to focus on recapping the theories of quality in healthcare, especially in terms of safety for patients during medication administration. The drugs are the most frequently used therapeutic means of the modern medicine and therefore the topic of safe administration is so often the matter of discussion. Theoretical part of my thesis defines quality in healthcare and also includes chapters about methods for improving the quality and standardization of health care. This work presents an effective tools for dealing with misconducts and describes possible reasons and causes of patient's harm during the administration processes. The practical part of the thesis is dedicated to the content analysis of the selected nursing standards from hospitals within the Czech Republic. The main objective of this thesis is to compare the formal and practical aspects of nursing standards (injection administration) in three different health care facilities with regards to the structural, procedural and results criteria. The results of the content analysis are compared with respect...

When people are listening to others they are not just interpreting the speech in order to understand and participate in a communicative act. While interpreting the linguistic information, listeners are attentive to extralinguistic information about the speaker about which they make assumptions based on the accent and content that they hear. Many researchers have studied language attitude to see how different accents compare to each other for different speakers and listeners. Although this research has been done for many different accents, none have been done comparing standard and non-standard accents of Canadian English, or that account for the native accent of the listener. A number of university students from South-Western Ontario were surveyed to elicit general language attitude scores on a series of 11 measures for 8 different voice clips differing in terms of standardness (Standard vs. Non-Standard), content (Academic vs. Colloquial), and accent (British vs. Canadian). A comparison of the mean scores on the accents revealed a general preference for British and standard accents, and a general dislike of Canadian and non-standard accents. A Principal Component Analysis identified a difference in response pattern between native Canadian English and non-native Canadian English speakers. When combined with general qualitative descriptions of the voice clips offered by participants it appears that language attitude is greatly influenced by perception of prestige and familiarity with the accent. Listeners prefer readily identifiable accents that are held in esteem by the greater speech community, while they dislike accents which are less clearly intelligible and lack prestige. Listeners were also more critical of accents with which they were more familiar. Such findings are important because they can help us to identify potential sources of unequal access to opportunity in society as influenced by how people speak. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc) / Whenever we listen to other people speak we are not just taking in information and trying to understand what they are saying. People will tend to pass judgement on other speakers for a number of reasons, including what they are saying, and how they are saying it. Many studies have studied this phenomenon, known as language attitude by linguists, to see how different accents compare to each other for different speakers and listeners. Although this research has been done for many different accents, none have been done comparing standard and non-standard accents of Canadian English. This research project involved surveying a number of Canadian university students to find out which Canadian and British accents they liked and disliked, and in what ways. I found that Canadians tend to prefer Standard Academic British English over less-educated sounding Canadian accents. Since there was a difference in preference between Canadian English speakers and non-Canadian English speakers, it appears that familiarity might allow people to be more critical of the accents or dialects they are hearing. These findings are important because they can help us to find possible sources of unequal opportunity in society as influenced by how people speak.

Naturvärdesinventering (NVI) görs inför exploatering av naturmiljöer som en del i bevarande- och förstärkningsarbetet av den biologiska mångfalden. I Sverige har en standard för utförandet av NVI tagits fram. Studien gjordes på uppdrag av Trafikverket, beställare av NVI och Boreal Partner AB, potentiell ny utförare av NVI. Syftet var att jämföra olika grupper av utförarorganisationers NVI-rapporter för att utröna av vilka och på vilket sätt högts kravefterlevnad uppnås. Vidare skulle en redovisningsmall för att optimera kravefterlevnaden föreslås. Beskrivningarna av arbetssätt var för få och övergripande för att kunna användas för att utveckla ett arbetssätt för en ny utförare. Skillnaderna mellan gruppernas kravefterlevnad visade sig vara små till följd av variationer inom grupperna. Att vara väl insatt i standarden visade på högre och jämnare kravefterlevnad. Den föreslagna redovisningsmallen utgår från standardens krav och ska underlätta redovisning med hög kravefterlevnad och vara till nytta för så väl beställare som utförare.

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Everything that humans have ever touched, created or built something from consists of a type of matter that only makes up 15 percent of the total matter in the universe. The remaining 85 percent is attributed to dark matter, a so far not discovered and non-luminous type of matter. In this thesis a potential dark matter particle candidate has been studied by investigating an extension of the SU(2) symmetry into a dark gauge sector, where the new sector is connected to the standard model through a vector-like fermion portal. In order to understand how such an extension is made, the Lagrangian density of the standard model and its different gauge sectors were derived. The cross sections of the process of pair production of dark matter particles and tau leptons in the final state due to proton-proton collisions at the LHC was simulated with the software \texttt{MadGraph}. The cross sections were used to draw significance contours for the exclusion and discovery regions for parts of the parameter space of the new model, for current and projected luminosities of the LHC. The projected luminosity scans also consider how lowering the uncertainty in the number of background events through hypothetical improvements to detectors would impact the exclusion and discovery contours. The significance contours were combined with relic density constraints, derived from comparisons between measurements of the Planck telescope and calculations from the software \texttt{MicrOMEGAs}. The resulting graphs show that there are non-forbidden regions of the parameter space that are significant for exclusion and discovery for luminosity of current searches. Increasing the luminosity while keeping the uncertainty in the number of background events the same yielded only minor increases to the exclusion and discovery contours. Combining the projected luminosities with improvements to the background uncertainty instead produced exclusion and discovery regions that were significantly larger than those for the current luminosity.

La recherche de nouveaux matériaux énergétiques performants nécessite la connaissance de plusieurs données thermochimiques, notamment l'enthalpie de formation, avant tout projet de synthèse. La grande majorité des molécules énergétiques se trouvant en phase solide, le but de cette thèse est de développer une méthode de contribution de groupes permettant d'évaluer les enthalpies standard de formation de composés solides contenant des atomes de carbone, d'hydrogène, d'oxygène et surtout d'azote. L'objectif fixé est d'obtenir des erreurs d'estimation inférieures à 500 J.g-1. Deux démarches ont été mises en parallèle : l'une directe et l'autre indirecte. La conclusion de la comparaison de ces deux méthodes est que l'approche directe est la plus satisfaisante. Les différentes recherches effectuées ont permis de montrer que les enthalpies de formation en phase solide de 75% des composés étudiés (soit 1 017 au total) sont représentées avec un résidu moyen de 5,7 kJ.mol-1. La moyenne quadratique calculée est de 298,4 J.g-1 (soit 1,7 fois inférieure à l'erreur maximale souhaitée). Les résultats observés grâce à la méthode établie sur de très nombreux composés, et notamment sur des molécules énergétiques, ont été comparés avec les résultats obtenus par d'autres techniques (méthodes de contribution de groupes et méthodes semi-empiriques). Un important travail expérimental a été mis en œuvre. Des mesures d'enthalpies standard de formation en phase solide de vingt-cinq composés organiques ont ainsi été réalisées par calorimétrie de combustion en bombe statique.