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The effect of a plyometric training programme on selected physical capacities of rugby playersRetief, Francois 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MSportwet)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of a six-week plyometric
training programme on the explosive power, speed and agility as well as certain
physiological characteristics and the physical fitness of rugby players. Thirty subjects,
that include the first and second rugby teams of the Paul Roos Gymnasium participated in
the study. After a thorough evaluation of their medical history, their health status was
confirmed as being “apparently healthy” and fit for participation in the project.
The subjects were divided into two groups. The experimental group followed a specially
designed plyometric training programme in addition to their conventional rugby training,
while the control group persisted with the conventional rugby training for the season.
Body fat percentage was measured and specific girth measurements were taken to assess
physiological changes. Cardiovascular fitness was evaluated by means of the threeminute
step test and muscle endurance by means of the push-up and sit-up tests in order
to assess the physical fitness of the subjects. The explosive power, speed and agility of
the subjects were assessed by means of the agility test [T-drill], ten-meter speed test,
Sargent vertical jump test, depth jump test, standing triple jump and the medicine ball
chest pass. All measurements and tests were taken before and after the six-week
intervention programme of plyometric training.
With regards to physiological changes the results showed that the plyometric training
programme had a positive effect on the experimental group. The body fat percentage of
the experimental group showed a significant decrease and the circumference of their
thighs, calves, arms and waist increased. Their chest circumferences did, however, not
increase, which might be due to the fact that the plyometric exercises were more
specifically aimed at the lower body muscle groups.
The results pertaining to physical fitness were mixed. There was a significant
improvement (p<0,01) in the cardiovascular fitness of the experimental group while that of the control group stayed relatively constant (p=1,0). With regards to muscle endurance,
the control group fared significantly better in the push-up test than the experimental
group, while the experimental group fared significantly better in the sit-up test than the
control group.
The six-week plyometric intervention programme had a statistically significant effect on
the performance of the experimental group as compared to the control group, when
biomotor skills were assessed.
It was concluded that the addition of the specific plyometric exercises to a conventional
rugby-training programme would improve the speed, explosive power and agility of
rugby players significantly. Beneficial anthropometric changes as well as improved
cardiovascular fitness would be additional benefits of a plyometric training programme.
The findings of this research suggest that the value of plyometric exercises to motor
skills, specific physiological characteristics and physical fitness should not be
underestimated and that the trainers and coaches should be informed in this regard. To
establish the positive effects of plyometrics as a functional cross training regime for
rugby players, more comprehensive research is, however, recommended. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die navorsing was om die effek van ‘n ses-weeklange pliometriese
oefenprogram op die eksplosiewe krag, spoed, ratsheid asook sekere fisiologiese
karaktereienskappe en die fisieke fiksheid van rugbyspelers te ondersoek.
Dertig spelers, wat lede van die eerste en tweede rugbyspan van Paul Roos Gimnasium
hoërskool ingesluit het, het aan die studie deelgeneem. Na deeglike evaluering van hulle
mediese geskiedenis, is hulle gesondheidsvlakke goedgekeur vir deelname in die studie.
Die spelers is in twee groepe verdeel. Die eksperimentele groep het ‘n spesiale
pliometriese oefenprogram gevolg, saam met die konvensionele rugby-oefensessies. Die
kontrole groep het slegs aan die konvensionele rugby-oefensessies vir die seisoen
deelgeneem.
Persentasie liggaamsvet en spesifieke omtrekmates is genoteer om die fisiologiese
veranderinge te evalueer. Kardiovaskulêre fiksheid is deur middel van ‘n drie-minute
opstaptoets geëvalueer en spieruithouvermoë deur middel van opstoot-en opsittoetse om
sodoende die speler se fisieke fiksheid te evalueer. Die ratsheid, spoed en eksplosiewe
krag van die spelers is deur die ratsheidstoets (T-drill), tien-meter spoedtoets, Sargent
vertikale sprongtoets, diepte sprongtoets, staande driesprong en die medisynebal-gooitoets
bepaal. Al die bogenoemde toetse en assessering is voor en na die ses-weke
intervensie program van pliometriese oefening gedoen.
Met betrekking tot die fisiologiese veranderinge, dui die resultate aan dat die pliometriese
oefenprogram ‘n positiewe effek op die eksperimentele groep gehad het. Die
eksperimentele groep se persentasie liggaamsvet het beduidend verlaag en daar was ‘n
neiging tot toename in omtrekmates van die bobeen, kuite, arms en middel. Die borsomtrekmate
het egter nie vergroot nie, en kan toegeskryf word aan die feit dat die
pliometriese oefenprogram op die ontwikkeling van die spiere in die onderlyf gefokus
het. Die resultate ten opsigte van die fisieke fiksheid was eenders vir die twee groepe. Daar was ‘n neiging tot verbetering in die kardiovaskulêre fiksheid van die
eksperimentele groep, terwyl die kontrole groep konstant gebly het. Met betrekking tot
spieruithouvermoë het die kontrole groep in die opstoottoets verbeter in vergelyking met
die eksperimentele groep. Die eksperimentele groep het egter weer verbeter (p<0,01) in
die opsittoets, terwyl die kontrole groep konstant (p=1,0) gebly het.
Die eksperimentele groep het statisties betekenisvol in die biomotoriese vaardigheidtoetse
verbeter na die ses-weeklange pliometriese oefenprogram. Die kontrole groep het geen
verbetering getoon nie.
Die gevolgtrekking is dat ‘n kombinasie van ‘n pliometriese oefenprogram en
konvensionele rugby-oefening kan lei tot die verbetering van spoed, eksplosiewe krag en
ratsheid van spelers. Positiewe antropometriese veranderinge sal addisionele voordele
van die pliometriese oefenprogram wees.
Die bevinding van die navorsing is dat die waarde van pliometriese oefening vir
biomotoriese vaardighede, spesifieke fisiologiese eienskappe en fisieke fiksheid nie
onderskat moet word nie en dat afrigters in hierdie opsig ingelig word. Om die positiewe
effek van pliometrie as ‘n funksionele alternatiewe oefenmetode vir rugbyspelers te
bewys, word meer intense navorsing oor die effek van die spesifieke oefenmetode
aanbeveel.
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Postgraduate studies at the University of Stellenbosch : an exploration of students' perceptionsHunter, Maryke 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch,2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Changing circumstances and new initiatives have made it necessary for
Higher Education institutions to reflect on all aspects of their teaching
portfolios. Recent global and national trends have had numerous
implications for different aspects of the university as an entity, which in turn
have important implications for teaching, and particularly postgraduate
teaching. The need for greater transparency and efficiency is forcing
universities into discussions around facing these challenges. The
overarching aims of this study were twofold: firstly, to identify historical and
current tendencies and patterns in postgraduate studies at the University of
Stellenbosch and secondly, to determine the enabling and constraining
factors relating to postgraduate studies at the University of Stellenbosch. It
was decided to focus on both completed postgraduate students (years 1991
- 1999) as well as current postgraduate students (year 2000). Furthermore,
"postgraduate" was defined as relating to all Master's and Doctoral
students at the University of Stellenbosch.
The empirical research for this study included three components. Firstly,
two postal surveys were carried out at the University of Stellenbosch in
2000 in order to explore a representative sample of postgraduate students'
attitudes and perceptions. Secondly, a secondary data analysis of existing
data on the University database for postgraduate students was carried out
in order to do an estimate of success- and follow through rates. Finally,
interviews were conducted with coordinators of four postgraduate
programmes at different departments in the Faculty of Arts at the University
of Stellenbosch.
Results show that the nature of postgraduate studies at the University
follows the same form of dynamics, diversity and complexity that
characterizes postgraduate studies worldwide. Although there has been an
exceptional increase in the number of postgraduate students over the past decade, completion rates have stayed the same. This increase in numbers
places enormous additional administrative, academic and managerial
demands on the University. Although postgraduate students (both
completed and current students) seem to have a general positive perception
of the University, its academic and administrative services as well as the
quality of postgraduate supervision, there are certain aspects that can still
be improved upon. For example: the University has to realize that although
the completion rates of postgraduate students have reasonably stayed the
same over the last decade, the number of students who did not complete
increased with almost 50%. The University has to put structures in place in
order to cope with the increasing demands these students are placing on
administration, departments and supervisors. Also, although it seems as if
the University are open to the trends in higher education, they are not
totally geared for part-time and non-resldentlal students. All four
programmes in the Arts Faculty were initiated by individual academics
within the departments. In terms of managing postgraduate students within
departments, it seems that greater standardization regarding aspects of
admission, administrative support, requirements for research proposals,
examination and guidelines for the research components are needed.
Supervisors and students both need to know what is expected from them.
In terms of the supervisory process, supervisors must have guidelines in
terms of what their responsibilities are and they have to realize the
importance of their task. Students need to be informed about their rights
and the whole process of postgraduate studies.
Overall, it is the responsibility of the University, together with its
postgraduate students and supervisors to ensure that the process of
postgraduate studies is characterized by success, effectiveness and
efficiency. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Veranderende omstandighede en nuwe beleldsmaatreels maak dit
noodsaaklik dat Hoer Onderwysinrigtings deurentyd besin oor aile aspekte
van hul missies en funksies. Resente globale en nasionale tendense het
verreikende implikasies vir verskeie aspekte van die universiteitswese,
waarvan die gevolge vir die onderrigtaak, en in besonder nagraadse
onderrig, van besondere belang is. Oproepe tot deursigtigheid, gekoppel
aan die imperatief tot doeltreffendheid, is alles faktore wat universiteite tot
besinning dwing. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die historiese en
huidige tendense en patrone in nagraadse studie aan die Universiteit van
Stellenbosch te skets asook om vas te stel wat is die bemiddelende en
belemmerende faktore wat nagraadse studie by die Universiteit kenmerk.
Daar is besluit om te fokus op beide afgestudeerde studente (vanaf 1991
tot 1999) asook huidige studente (ingeskryf in die jaar 2000). Verder is
"nagraads" gedefinieer as verwysende na aile meesters en doktorale
studente by die Universiteit van Stellenbosch.
Die empiriese navorsing vir hierdie studie bestaan uit drie komponente.
Eerstens is twee posopnames in 2000 uitgevoer om "n verteenwoordigende
steekproef van nagraadse studente aan die Universiteit se persepsies
rakende hul nagraadse studie te toets. Verder is daar "n sekondere analise
uitgevoer van bestaande data op die Universiteit se databasis vir nagraadse
studente spesifiek met die doel om sukses- en deurvloeikoerse van
nagraadse studente te bepaal. Laastens is onderhoude gevoer met
koordineerders van vier nagraadse programme aan verskillende
departemente binne die Fakulteit Lettere en Wysbegeerte.
Die resultate toon dat die aard van nagraadse studie aan die Universiteit
van Stellenbosch dieselfde mate van dinamika, toenemende diversiteit en
gepaardgaande kompleksiteit weerspleel as wat nagraadse studies
wereldwyd kenmerk. Alhoewel daar "n buitengewone toename in nagraadse
studentegetalle aan die Universiteit oor die afgelope dekade was, het die voltooiingskoerse van studente dieselfde gebly. Hierdie toename in getalle
plaas geweldige ekstra administratiewe, akademiese en bedryfseise aan die
Universiteit. Alhoewel nagraadse studente (beide afgestudeerd sowel as
huidig) in die algemeen "n positiewe persepsie van die Universiteit, sy
akadernlese en administratiewe dienste, sowel as die kwaliteit van
nagraadse studieleiding blyk te he, is daar enkele sake waarop verbeter kan
word. 50 byvoorbeeld moet die Universiteit besef dat alhoewel
voltooiingskoerse konstant gebly het, het die getal van nagraadse studente
wat nie voltooi nie, met ongeveer 50% gestyg. Die Universiteit moet
strukture in plek stel om te kan voldoen aan die toenemende eise wat sy
nagraadse studente aan administrasie, departemente en studieleiers stel.
Alhoewel die Universiteit oop blyk te wees vir nuwe tendense in hoer
onderwys, blyk dit dat hy nog nie heeltemal gerat is vir deeltydse studente
en nle-resldenslele studente nie. AI vier die programme in die Fakulteit
Lettere en Wysbegeerte het ontwikkel uit individuele akademici binne
departemente. In terme van die bestuur van nagraadse studente binne
departemente, is groter standardisasie van aspekte rakende toelating,
administratiewe ondersteuning, vereistes rondom navorsingsvoorstelle,
eksaminering en riglyne vir die navorsingskomponent van nagraadse
studies nodig. Beide studieleiers en studente moet besef wat van hulle
verwag word. In terme van die proses van studieleiding, moet studieleiers
oor riglyne beskik van hulle verantwoordelikhede en verder moet die
belangrikheid van die taak besef word. 5tudente moet ingelig word oor hulle
regte en die proses van nagraadse studie. Die Universiteit, tesame met sy
nagraadse studente en studieleiers, moet verseker dat die proses van
nagraadse studies gekenmerk word deur sukses, effektiwiteit en
doeltreffendheid.
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Investigating social media usage patterns in the stakeholder groups of the University of Stellenbosch Business SchoolLazier, Natalie 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / Popularity of social media sites is growing at a fast rate and many businesses and higher
education institutions are attempting to successfully engage with their stakeholders using this new
interactive medium that facilitates ‘many-to-many’ communication.
There are several forms of social media and users have many options available to them, ranging
from the more generic social networking sites, like Facebook, to more niche sites, like BlackPlanet
that targets black African Americans.
The focus of this research is on the social media usage patterns and trends in the stakeholder
groups of the University of Stellenbosch Business School (USB).
Eight stakeholder groups were identified and they consist of the following groups and USB
departments:
i) USB prospective students;
ii) USB current students, busy with their research reports;
iii) USB current students, not busy with their research reports;
iv) USB alumni;
v) USB course administrators;
vi) USB academic faculty members;
vii) USB research supervisors;
viii) USB Marketing and Communication Division.
The analysis showed that the social media site Facebook is popular among all stakeholder groups
of the USB, followed by LinkedIn and YouTube. Furthermore, Facebook and LinkedIn were cited
as the preferred social media sites for the USB to use in communicating with its stakeholder
groups. Additionally, respondents indicated strong privacy concerns with the use of social media.
Numerous other similarities and differences by gender, age group and stakeholder groups were
discussed in the findings. Combined with information from literature, these findings were translated
into a multistep plan to improve the communication among the USB’s stakeholder groups.
The fast-changing social media landscape requires businesses and higher education institutions,
like the USB, to stay abreast of the latest user trends to ensure continued interaction with their
stakeholders. Therefore, regular investigations by the USB into the use of social media by its
stakeholder groups are required in the foreseeable future.
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The development of a balanced scorecard for the Faculty of Military ScienceWalters, Adriaan Neethling 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Managing any government institution has become increasingly complicated as the
requirements for accountability, streamlined operations and greater flexibility have
multiplied. Being a government institution but at the same time an institution of higher
education, managing the Faculty of Military Science becomes a daunting task. It
requires sophisticated approaches for implementing strategy and measuring
performance.
Employees are asked to change how they view their work and focus on results, not
activities. While not asking the impossible, it is a challenging task. Formal accountability
for outcomes down the line has simply not been a marker of the bureaucratic culture. As
leadership looks for ways to support employees in this transition, it is vital that a
comprehensive management system is deployed.
For employees to focus on the outcomes of their individual performance, they must:
• understand what the standards for organisational performance are;
• participate in measuring how well those standards have been met; and
• be responsible for finding ways to improve organisational performance.
The Balanced Scorecard can help. This approach is one that is gaining currency as an
easy to use and accessible process for measuring organisational effectiveness. It can
be applied at any level and any type of organisation. The objectives and measures for
the Balanced Scorecard are derived from the organisation's vision and strategy. These
objectives and measures describe the progress of the organisation from four
perspectives. These perspectives can vary from organisation to organisation and in the
case of the Faculty of Military Science they include, the stakeholder perspective, the
customer perspective, the internal processes perspective and the learning and growth
perspective.
It is a balanced model, because the measures represent an equilibrium between
external measures for stakeholders and customers, and internal measures of business
processes and learning and growth.
The construction of the Balanced Scorecard is a systematic process, which ensures that
the organisation's objectives and measures are made clear and that there is consensus
in this regard. The success of the process depends on the participation of top
management. The most important person in the process is the leader or "architect. A
Balanced Scorecard can be constructed in 16 weeks, with high involvement of the
leader in the beginning of the process.
The Balanced Scorecard must be used as a strategic management system. It helps to
clarify and to gain consensus about vision and strategy of the organisation, which should
be communicated throughout the organisation. It is also useful in the establishment of
objectives for each employee, the allocation of resources and the alignment of strategic
initiatives,
This study is directed towards the relevant literature on the Balanced Scorecard and the
possible use thereof as a management system in an institution for higher education,
specifically the Faculty of Military Science. To this end a thorough literature study was
undertaken, focusing on the origins of the Balanced Scorecard, the developing and
implementation thereof as well as the Balanced Scorecard as a strategic management
system. The study further determined the applicability of the Balanced Scorecard to
institutions for higher education, looking at the University of California, San Diego, as an
example. In the final instance a Balanced Scorecard is proposed for the Faculty of
Military Science, with certain recommendations. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Toenemende druk op staatsinstellings om meer aanspreeklikheid te aanvaar, aktiwiteite
meer vaartbelyn uit te voer en om meer buigsaam in hul optrede te wees, veroorsaak
dat die bestuur van sulke instellings toenemend kompleks begin word. Die bestuur van
die Fakulteit Krygskunde, 'n staatsinstelling, maar ook 'n instelling vir hoër onderwys,
bied dus 'n geweldige uitdaging. Dit vereis daarom 'n gesofistikeerde benadering tot die
implementering van 'n strategie en die meet van prestasie.
Van werknemers word verwag om hul siening van werk te verander deur te fokus op
resultate eerder as op aktiwiteite - 'n uitdaging op sy eie. Aanspreeklikheid vir die
bereiking van resultate op lae vlakke in 'n staatsinstelling was nog nooit deel van 'n
burokratiese kultuur nie. Vir leierskap om werknemers met hierdie aanpassing te
ondersteun, is 'n omvattende bestuurstelsel nodig.
Vir werknemers om te fokus op die uitkomste van hul individuele prestasies, moet hulle:
• die prestasiestandaarde van die organisasie verstaan;
• deelneem om te bepaal tot watter mate die standaarde bereik is; en
• verantwoordelikheid neem om te bepaal hoe die prestasie van die organisasie
verbeter kan word.
Dit wat 'n organisasie meet en hoe die resultate daarvan gekommunikeer word lewer 'n
sleutel bydrae t.o.v die voortdurende verbetering van prestasie deur die werknemers.
Die "Balanced Scorecard" kan op hierdie gebied 'n groot bydrae lewer. Dit is 'n
benadering wat wye veld wen as 'n eenvoudige en toeganklike proses om die
effektiewiteit van 'n organisasie te meet. Die benadering kan op enige vlak en enige tipe
organisasie toegepas word. Die doelwitte en maatstawwe vir die "Balanced Scorecard"
word direk afgelei uit die organisasie se visie en strategie. Hierdie doelwitte en
maatstawwe beskryf die organisasie se vordering uit vier perspektiewe. Hierdie
perspektiewe kan wissel van organisasie tot organisasie en in die geval van die Fakutteit
Krygskunde sluit dit in, die belanghebber perspektief, die kliente perspektief, die interne
prosesse perspektief en die leer- en groeiperspektief.
Die model word as gebalanseerd beskou omdat dit 'n ewewig tussen die eksterne
maatstawwe (vir aandeelhouers, belanghebbers en kliente) en interne maatstawwe
(besigheidsporosesse en leer- en groeifasette) handhaaf.
Die bou van 'n "Balanced Scorecard" is 'n sistematiese proses, wat konsensus en
duidelikheid met betrekking tot die organisasie se doelwitte en maatstawwe verseker.
Die sukses van die hele proses berus egter op die ondersteuning en deelname van die
topbestuur. Die belangrikste persoon in die hele proses is die leier of "argitek". 'n
"Balanced Scorecard" kan binne 16 weke voltooi word, met die leier se betrokkenheid
baie hoog aan die begin van die hele proses.
Die "Balanced Scorecard" moet as 'n strategiese bestuurstelsel gebruik word. Dit kan
help om die visie en strategie duidelik te stel en om konsensus daaroor te bereik. Dit
moet aan die hele organisasie gekommunikeer word. Dit is verder nuttig in die opstel
van doelwitte vir elke werknemer, die allokasie van hulpbronne en die rig van
strategiese inisiatiewe.
Hierdie studie is gerig tot die relevante literatuur t.o.v die "Balanced Scorecard" en die
potensiele gebruik daarvan as 'n bestuurstelsel by 'n instelling van hoër onderwys, en
spesifiek die Fakulteit Krygskunde. 'n Deeglike literatuurstudie is gedoen oor die
oorsprong van die "Balanced Scorecard", die ontwikkeling en implementering daarvan,
asook die aanwending van die "Balanced Scorecard" as 'n strategiese bestuurstelsel.
Die studie het ook die toepaslikheid van die "Balanced Scorecard" ondersoek deur te
verwys na die Universiteit van Kalifornie, San Diego as 'n voorbeeld. In die finale
instansie word 'n "Balanced Scorecard" voorgestel vir die Fakulteit Krygskunde met
sekere aanbevelings.
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An analysis of the University of Stellenbosch Business School personal leadership development journey and camparing it with recent literature on adult learning theoryDehnicke, Dorothee Christine 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This work provides a comprehensive overview of the theories on adult learning. For each approach, the applicability for a leadership development programme is discussed. If available, examples for the use of a certain theory in a leadership course as part of a Master of Business Administration (MBA) programme are provided. An overview of the Personal Leadership Development Journey (PLDJ) of the University of Stellenbosch Business School (USB) is provided. The structure of the programme demonstrates the application of certain adult learning theories. Interviews with the alumni of the programme show how successfully the adult learning theories are practised and to what extent students have found them useful. Gaps in these interviews are pointed out with reference to the theories on adult learning.
As an example, there is a certain body of literature on transformative learning as a subcategory of adult learning. In this case, two different theoretical approaches are explained, of which one is a more general discussion on adult learning and the other is focused on leadership development. Then an example of the application of this theory at the Institut Européen des d’Administration d’Affaires (INSEAD) shows how other business schools employ the theory in practice. In this case, the practical example is a leadership course as such, not a general MBA programme. The reason for this is that examples which match the situation at the USB exactly can not always be found. In the interviews, alumni of the USB were asked how the PLDJ impacted their professional and their private life. So indirectly, students were asked if a transformative learning process had taken place and how they would describe it. The analysis of the results is used to point out the strength of the programme as well as gaps, which could be addressed for future improvement.
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A kinetic model of glucose catabolism in Plasmodium falciparumPenkler, Gerald Patrick 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Malaria infects over 200 million individuals and leads to the death of over 600
000 people annually. Currently artemisinin combination therapy treatments
are effective in treating the disease, but resistance has started to emerge in
Cambodia and it is suspected in parts of Vietnam. To maintain the drive to
eradicate malaria globally, a great deal of research is aimed at identifying novel
prevention strategies, vaccines and antimalarial compounds.
Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly of the malaria parasites, is entirely
dependent on glycolysis for ATP. Several of the enzymes within this pathway
have been proposed as drug targets and studied in isolation, but the pathway
as a whole has not been considered. In this study we employ a bottom up
approach for drug target identification in P. falciparum glycolysis. In this thesis we present the biochemical characterisation each of the glycolytic
enzymes in P. falciparum trophozoites. The kinetic rate equations, which described
the kinetic behaviour of the individual enzymes, were incorporated
into a kinetic model. The unfitted model was validated in its ability to predict
experimentally measured steady state metabolite concentrations and fluxes as
well as the experimental inhibition of the glucose transporter.
The validated model provided a tool for drug target identification in P. falciparum
glycolysis. Metabolic control analysis and differential control analysis
identified the glucose transporter, PfHT1, as a drug target based on its high
control of glycolytic flux in the parasite, but low control of flux in the host
erythrocyte. This differential control makes the transporter an attractive drug
target, as even if both the erythrocyte and parasite glucose transporters are
inhibited to the same degree, it is expected that the parasite glycolytic flux
would be inhibited to a much greater degree.
To demonstrate the differential control of the glucose transporter on the flux
and provide further evidence that PfHT1 is an attractive drug target, we investigated
the inhibition of the glucose transporter in isolated trophozoites by
cytochalasin B. We also measured the inhibition of lactate production flux by
cytochalasin B in both isolated P. falciparum trophozoites as well as in erythrocytes.
Our findings demonstrated that differential control analysis can be
used as a tool for drug target identification and that PfHT1 is an attractive
drug target.
In this study the fields of biochemistry and systems biology were merged to
create a detailed kinetic model of asexual P. falciparum glycolysis and identify
several drug targets in the pathway. The model prediction and experimental
evidence of differential flux control of the glucose transporter in the host and
parasite, has highlighted PfHT1 as a drug target and also demonstrates the
strength of differential control analysis in identifying drug targets within a
system. The kinetic model is a valuable tool for furthering our understanding
of P. falciparum glycolysis and it provides a good foundation for expansion to
identify drug targets in the entire central carbon metabolism of P. falciparum. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Malaria infekteer meer as 200 miljoen mense en veroorsaak jaarliks tot 600 000
sterftes. Tans is die artemisinien-kombinasieterapie effektief in die bestryding
van die siekte, maar weerstandbiedendheid van die parasiet teen die middel
blyk reeds ’n merkbare effek in Kambodja en vermoedelik ook in dele van Viëtnam
te hê. Om ’n wêreldwye bestryding van malaria moontlik te maak, is
’n groot deel van die huidige navorsing gemik op die identifisering van nuwe
voorkomingsstrategieë, entstowwe en malariateenmiddels.
Plasmodium falciparum, die dodelikste van die malaria-parasiete, is geheel
en al afhanklik van glikolise vir ATP vorming. Verskeie van die ensieme in
hierdie metaboliese pad is as teenmiddelteikens voorgestel, en in isolasie bestudeer,
maar die pad as ’n geheel is nie bestudeer nie. In hierdie studie het ons ’n ’bottom-up’ benadering vir teenmiddel teikenidentifisering in P. falciparum
glikolise gebruik.
In hierdie tesis bied ons die biochemiese karakterisering van elk van die glikolitiese
ensieme in P. falciparum trofozoïete aan. Die kinetiese vergelykings
wat die kinetiese gedrag van die individuele ensieme beskryf, is geintegreer in
’n enkele kinetiese model. Die model waarop geen datapassing toegepas is nie,
is gevalideer om eksperimenteel bepaalde bestendige-toestand metabolietkonsentrasies
en fluksiewaardes, asook die eksperimentele inhibisie van die glukose
transporter, te voorspel.
Die gevalideerde model verskaf ’n bykomende hulpmiddel om teenmiddelteikens
te identifiseer in P. falciparum glikolise. Metaboliese kontrole-analise en
differensiële kontrole-analise het die glukose transporter, PfHT1, as ’n teenmiddelteiken
geïdentifiseer, gebaseer op sy hoë kontrole van glikolitiese fluksie
in die parasiet, tesame met ’n lae beheer van die glukose transporter op die
fluksie in die gasheer eritrosiet. Dié differensiële kontrole maak die glukose
transporter ’n aantreklike teenmiddelteiken, want selfs as beide die eritrosiet
en die parasiet glukose transporters tot dieselfde mate geïnhibeer word, sal dit
steeds ’n hoër glikolietiese fluksieinhibisie van die parasiet tot gevolg hê.
Om die differensiële kontrole van die glukose transporter op die fluks te demonstreer
en verdere bewyse te lewer dat PfHT1 ’n teenmiddelteiken kan wees,
het ons die inhibisie van die glukosetransporter in geïsoleerde trofozoïete deur
sitokalasien B ondersoek. Ons het ook die inhibisie van die laktaatproduksiefluksie
deur sitokalasien B in beide geïsoleerde P. falciparum trofozoïete sowel
as in eritrosiete ondersoek. Ons bevindings bewys dat differensiële kontroleanalise
as ’n hulpmiddel vir teenmiddelteikenidentifikasie gebruik kan word en
dat PfHT1 ’n aantreklike teenmiddelteiken is.
In hierdie studie is die velde van biochemie en sisteembiologie gekombineer om
’n gedetaileerde kinetiese model van ongeslagtelike P. falciparum glikolise te
konstueer en verskeie teenmiddelteikens in die metaboliese pad te identifiseer.
Die modelvoorspelling sowel as eksperimentele bewyse van die differensiële
flukskontrole van die glukose transporter in die gasheer en parasiet het PfHT1 uitgelig as ’n teenmiddelteiken en demonstreer ook die krag van differensiële
kontrole analise in die identifisering van teenmiddelteikens binne ’n biologiese
stelsel. Die kinetiese model is ’n waardevolle hulpmiddel vir die bevordering
van ons begrip van P. falciparum glikolise en dit bied ’n goeie basis vir uitbreiding
om teenmiddelteikens in die hele sentrale koolstofmetabolisme van P.
falciparum te identifiseer.
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A comparison between stall prediction models for axial flow compressorsGill, Andrew 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2006. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Stellenbosch University Compressor Code (SUCC) has been developed for the purpose
of predicting the performance of axial flow compressors by means of axisymmetric inviscid
throughflow methods with boundary layer blockage and empirical blade row loss models.
This thesis describes the process of the implementation and verification of a number of stall
prediction criteria in the SUCC. In addition, it was considered desirable to determine how
certain factors influence the accuracy of the stall prediction criteria, namely the nature of
the computational grid, the choice of throughflow method used, and the use of a boundary
layer blockage model and a radial mixing model. The stall prediction criteria implemented
were the di®usion factor limit criterion, de Haller's criterion, Aungier's blade row criterion,
Aungier's boundary layer separation criterion, Dunham's, Aungier's and the static-to-static
stability criteria. The compressors used as test cases were the Rofanco 3-stage low speed
compressor, the NACA 10-stage subsonic compressor, and the NACA 5-stage and 8-stage
transonic compressors. Accurate boundary layer blockage modelling was found to be of great
importance in the prediction of the onset of stall, and that the matrix throughflow Method
provided slightly better accuracy than the streamline curvature method as implemented in
the SUCC by the author. The ideal computational grid was found to have many streamlines
and a small number of quasi-orthogonals which do not occur inside blade rows. Radial mixing
modelling improved the stability of both the matrix throughflow and streamline curvature
methods without significantly affecting the accuracy of the stall prediction criteria. De
Haller's criterion was over-conservative in estimating the stall line for transonic conditions,
but more useful in subsonic conditions. Aungier's blade row criterion provided accurate
results on all but the Rofanco compressor. The diffusion factor criterion provided over-
optimistic predictions on all machines, but was less inaccurate than de Haller's criterion
on the NACA 5-stage transsonic machine near design conditions. The stability methods
performed uniformly and equally badly, supporting the claims of other researchers that they
are of limited usefulness with throughflow simulations. Aungier's boundary layer separation
method failed to predict stall entirely, although this could reflect a shortcoming of the
boundary layer blockage model. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Stellenbosch University Compressor Code (SUCC) is ontwikkel om die prestasie van aksiaalvloei kompressors te voorspel met behulp van aksisimmetriese nie-viskeuse deurvloeimetodes met grenslaagblokkasie en empiriese modelle vir die verliese binne lemrye. Hierdie tesis
beskryf die proses waarmee sekere staakvoorspellingsmetodes in die SUCC geïmplementeer
en geverifieer is. Dit was ook nodig om die effek van sekere faktore, naamlik die vorm
van die berekeningsrooster, die keuse van deurvloeimetode en die gebruik van `n grenslaagblokkasiemodel en radiale vloeivermengingsmodel op die akuraatheid van die staakvoorspellingsmetodes te bepaal. Die staakvoorspellingsmetodes wat geïmplementeer is, is die
diffusie faktor beperking metode, de Haller se metode, Aungier se lemrymetode, Aungier
se grenslaagmetode en die Dunham, Aungier en die statiese-tot-statiese stabiliteitsmetodes.
Die kompressors wat gebruik is om die metodes te toets is die Rofanco 3-stadium lae-spoed
kompressor, die NACA 10-stadium subsoniese kompressor en die NACA 5- en 8-stadium
transsoniese kompressors. Daar is vasgestel dat akkurate grenslaagblokkasie modelle van
groot belang was om `n akkurate aanduiding van die begin van staking te voorspel, en dat,
vir die SUCC, die Matriks Deurvloei Metode oor die algemeen 'n bietjie meer akkuraat as die
Stroomlyn Kromming Metode is. Daar is ook vasgestel dat die beste berekeningsrooster een
is wat baie stroomlyne, en die kleinste moontlike getal quasi-ortogonale het, wat nie binne
lemrye geplaas mag word nie. Die numeriese stabiliteit van beide die Matriks Deurvloei
en die Stroomlyn Kromming Metode verbeter deur gebruik te maak van radiale vloeivermengingsmodelle, sonder om die akkuraatheid van voorspellings te benadeel. De Haller
se metode was oorkonserwatief waar dit gebruik is om die staak-lyn vir transsoniese vloei
toestande, maar meer nuttig in die subsoniese vloei gebied. Aungier se lemrymetode het
akkurate resultate gelewer vir alle kompressors getoets, behalwe die Rofanco. Die diffusie
faktor metode was oor die algemeen minder akuraat as Aungier se metode, maar meer akkuraat as de Haller se metode vir transsoniese toestande. Die stabiliteitsmetodes het almal ewe
swak gevaar. Dit stem ooreen met die bevindings van vorige navorsing, wat bewys het dat
hierdie metodes nie toepaslik is vir simulasies wat deurvloeimetodes gebruik nie. Aungier se
grenslaagmetode het ook baie swak gevaar. Waarskynlik is dit as gevolg van tekortkomings
in die grenslaagblokkasiemodel.
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'n Kultuurhistoriese studie van die Duitse nedersetting Philippi op die Kaapse vlakte /Rabe, Lizette. January 1994 (has links)
Proefskrif (D. Phil.)--Universiteit van Stellenbosch, 1994. / Bibliografie. Also available via the Internet.
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Effectiveness of the Asset Register as a Management Instrument for the Electricity Distribution Infrastructure within the Stellenbosch Municipality.Gabone, Derick. January 2008 (has links)
<p>The study seeks to establish the state of infrastructure management system, pertaining to electricity distribution, as an example of policy implementation.</p>
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200 |
Effectiveness of the Asset Register as a Management Instrument for the Electricity Distribution Infrastructure within the Stellenbosch Municipality.Gabone, Derick. January 2008 (has links)
<p>The study seeks to establish the state of infrastructure management system, pertaining to electricity distribution, as an example of policy implementation.</p>
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