It is a trend that more and more Taiwan businessmen to invest in Mainland China for the reason of the low-pay labor force and open policy from the China government. The degree of perception of compensation system and the leadership style to the China employees working in the Taiwan enterprises in China has great influence to the enhancement of the retention rate and the morale of the well performed employees in a company, and the increment of the quality of the performance. This research is based on the 327 copies of the questionnaires collected from the Taiwan enterprises, focused on the variables of the perception of the ¡§Compensation System¡¨ and the ¡§Leadership Style¡¨, and did the statistical analysis to get the result from the enpirical study. The following are the summary of the research: 1.The employees with different generics will have significant difference in each dimension of the perception of the ¡§Compensation System¡¨ , ¡§Leadership Style¡¨ and the ¡§Organizational Commitment¡¨. 2.It has significantly affect to the ¡§Organizational Commitment¡¨ in different degree of each dimension of the perception of the ¡§Compensation System¡¨. 3.Different ¡§ Perception of Leadership Style¡¨ has the significantly affect to the degree of ¡§Organizational Commitment¡¨. 4.The variable of different background of the employee has the significantly affect in the ¡§Perception of Compensation System¡¨ and the ¡§Perception of Leadership Style¡¨ to the degree of ¡§Organizational Commitment¡¨. Based on the above result, the researcher has the following suggestions to ABC Company: 1.Pay close attention to the degree of the perception of the compensation system that the employees have, and design the complete compensation system. 2.Set up fair and reasonable promotion system that should be evaluated by dynamic performance evaluation . 3.Provide the reasonable reward to the employees through performance evaluation system in addition of reasonable compensation system, and build up the correct concept to the employees that the more effort the more gain. 4.Motive management to adjust leadership style based on different missions and work environment. 5.Set up retention plan and the career plan for the employees. 6.As to the high-educated employees, the design of their jobs should be more challenging, flexible and self-decisive. 7.Set up the education and training plan for the purpose of reinforcing the team cohesiveness and awareness. 8.The Taiwan staff should be positively to get involved in the daily life of the China colleagues, for the purpose of maintaining the healthy organizational atmosphere. In general, they need to enhance the degree of China employees¡¦ organizational commitment, in order to get the best management effectiveness and achieve the goal of the business management.

Introduction : La dépendance à l'alcool est un problème majeur et mondial de santé publique. Pour tenter d'en comprendre les déterminants individuels, plusieurs études se sont centrées sur l'examen de la personnalité, des styles défensifs, des stratégies de coping et de la symptomatologie anxio-dépressive au sein de populations alcoolo-dépendantes. En revanche, à notre connaissance, aucune recherche n'a étudié l'ensemble de ces facteurs simultanément. En conséquence, dans le cadre d'une approche intégrative, le but de cette thèse a été d'évaluer ces variables et d'étudier leurs relations afin d'apporter des éléments de compréhension à l'installation et au maintien de la dépendance à l'alcool. Méthode : Au cours de cette étude multicentrique (5 centres de recrutement) et transversale, 122 patients consultants pour une problématique alcoolique et 185 témoins ont répondu à un questionnaire sociodémographique et centré sur la consommation de substances, au Big Five Inventory (BFI) pour évaluer la personnalité, au Defense Style Questionnaire - 40 (DSQ-40) pour relever les styles défensifs, au Brief Cope pour estimer les stratégies de coping et à l'Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) pour mesurer la symptomatologie anxio-dépressive. Dans un premier temps, des analyses statistiques descriptives, comparatives et de corrélations ont été réalisées. Dans un second temps, des tests de régressions linéaires et logistiques, d'analyse en composantes principales et une analyse discriminante ont permis d'approfondir les résultats en lien avec l'objectif de la thèse (logiciel SPSS). Résultats : Les personnes alcoolo-dépendantes obtiennent des scores significativement différents pour la personnalité (névrosisme élevé, extraversion et conscience basses), pour les styles défensifs (style mature bas, styles névrotique et immature élevés), pour les stratégies de coping (stratégies centrées sur le problème basses, stratégies centrées sur les émotions et évitantes élevées) et pour la symptomatologie anxio-dépressive (symptômes anxieux et dépressifs importants) que les sujets du groupe contrôle. Les relations entre ces variables montrent le rôle des dimensions de personnalité dans l'utilisation de style défensif et/ou de stratégies de coping pouvant conduire à l'installation et au maintien d'une alcoolo-dépendance. En effet, le névrosisme entraîne l'utilisation d'un fonctionnement défensif inadapté. L'extraversion, la conscience et plus particulièrement l'ouverture à l'expérience sont associées à une activité défensive efficace. L'agréabilité, quant à elle, affiche des liens plus complexes avec l'organisation défensive. La présence de liens cohérents entre les styles défensifs et les stratégies de coping confirme l'intérêt de considérer le fonctionnement défensif de manière intégrative et globale. L'analyse discriminante, réalisée sur les facteurs principaux, permet de prédire l'appartenance au groupe « Alcool » pour 3 sujets sur 4. Les analyses de régressions linéaires multiples, exécutées selon un regroupement théorique, montrent que le style immature et les stratégies de coping évitantes prédisent le maintien d'une alcoolo-dépendance. L'ensemble des analyses, étayées par l'apport de différents modèles théoriques, permet de proposer un modèle théorico-clinique de l'installation et du maintien d'une dépendance à l'alcool. Des analyses comparatives complémentaires, exécutées sur les facteurs principaux, indiquent des scores significativement différents selon le genre chez les personnes alcoolo-dépendantes. Conclusion : Cette recherche montre la présence d'une association de déterminants individuels favorisant l'installation d'une alcoolo-dépendance en termes de personnalité, de style défensif, de stratégies de coping et de symptomatologie anxio-dépressive. Cette étude souligne l'intérêt d'appréhender le fonctionnement défensif globalement et permet de proposer un modèle théorico-clinique de l'alcoolo-dépendance et de son maintien. / Introduction: Alcohol dependence is a major and global public health problem. To try to understand the individual determinants, several studies have focused on the examination of personality, defense styles, coping strategies, anxiety and depressive symptoms in alcohol-dependent populations. However, to our knowledge, no research has studied all these factors simultaneously. Accordingly, as part of an integrative approach, the aim of this thesis was to evaluate these variables and study their relationships to bring elements of understanding the installation and the maintenance of alcohol dependence. Method: In this multicenter (5 recruitment centers) and cross-sectional study, 122 consultants patients with alcohol dependence and 185 controls answered a sociodemographic and focused on the substance questionnaire, the Big Five Inventory (BFI) to assess personality, the Defense Style Questionnaire - 40 (DSQ-40) to raise the defense styles, the Brief Cope to assess coping strategies and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to measure anxiety and depressive symptoms. Initially, descriptive, comparative statistics and correlations were performed. Secondly, linear and logistic regression tests, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis have deepened the results related to the goal of this thesis (SPSS). Results: The alcohol-dependent obtain significantly different scores for personality (high neuroticism, low extraversion and conscientiousness), for defense styles (low mature style, high neurotic and immature styles), for coping strategies (low problem-focused strategies, high emotion-focused and avoidant strategies) and for anxiety and depressive symptoms (significant anxiety and depressive symptoms) than control subjects. The relationship found between these variables show the role of personality dimensions in adapting defense style and/or effective coping strategies to deal or not with stress. Neuroticism involves the use of an unsuitable defensive operation may lead to the alcohol dependence installation. The extraversion, conscientiousness, and particularly openness to experience are associated with effective defense activity. The agreeableness, meanwhile, appears more complex connections with the defensive organization. The presence of coherent links between defense styles and coping strategies confirms the interest in considering the defensive operation of integrative and comprehensive manner. The discriminant analysis performed on the main factors predicts group membership "Alcohol" subjects for 3 to 4. Analyses of multiple linear regressions, performed according to a theoretical regrouping show that immature style and avoidant coping strategies predict the maintenance of alcohol dependence. All analysis, supported by the contribution of different theoretical models allows proposing a theoretical-clinical model of the installation and maintenance of alcohol dependence. Further analyses comparing the main factors indicate significantly different scores by gender among alcohol-dependent people. Conclusion: This research shows the presence of a combination of individual determinants favoring the emergence of alcohol dependence in terms of personality, defense style, coping strategies and anxiety-depressive symptomatology. This study emphasizes the importance of understanding the overall defensive functioning and allows proposing a theoretical-clinical model of alcohol dependence and its maintenance.

In the last twenty years, researchers could not fully reach an agreement of whether female and male leaders have similar or dissimilar leadership approaches. Nevertheless, there is a body of research driven with prophecies that women leaders have variant leadership styles.   This research is about women styles in leadership with focus on effective behaviours and qualities, as well as, the developed interpersonal skills adopted by a proportion of women leaders, which have positive impact on subordinates.    The study is conducted to generate my own understanding of some women perceptions of leading in a different way and the vindications of these perceptions. It is based on qualitative methods, deductive and inductive approaches are used for analysis.   Eight interviews was undertaken to complete the study. The interviewees were selected for the reason of being leaders who have experienced and practice leadership throughout their professions.   Last part of the thesis is not a summary of previous chapters but rather testing my fulfilment in answering the strategic main question. I will share my perception of women ways in leading. The reader would be introduced to the latest studies and horizons of the theme under study.

Tiriamoji medžiaga. Šiame tyrime individualųjį tekstą reprezentuoja 600 sakinių imtis, parinkta iš mokslinio stiliaus filosofijos veikalų. Veikalus bandyta klasifikuoti pagal skirtingų žanrų tekstus. Statistiniam tyrimui pasirinkti filosofijos veikalai skirstomi į dvi grupes. Pirmąją grupę sudaro veikalai : „Būtis ir pasaulis: tyliojo gyvenimo fragmentai“ (1990), „Sietuvos: eseistikos rinktinė“ (1992), „Konservatoriaus išpažintys: 1988 – 1994 metų tekstai“ (1995); antrajai priklauso „Alfa ir omega: ontotopijos metmenys“ (1999), „Niekis ir esmas“ I tomas (2005), „Niekis ir esmas“ II tomas (2005). Darbo tikslas – aprašyti, kokio pobūdžio sakiniai (ilgi ar trumpi, vientisiniai, sujungiamieji, prijungiamieji, bejungtukiai, mišrieji) vartojami filosofo veikaluose ir kaip (ar) sakinio struktūra priklauso nuo teksto tipo. Atliekant tyrimą, siekta išsiaiškinti, ar nuo atmainos priklauso ir kalbos priemonių atranka bei jų išsidėstymas, ar minčių dėstymas išlaiko tą patį logiškumo principą, ar sakinių sandara tampa kondensuotesnė ar atvirkščiai – kalba ima laisvėti. Svarbu išsiaiškinti kiek gauti duomenys reprezentuoja mokslinį stilių, o kiek jie yra individualus, skiriasi tik mokslo publicistiniams tekstams būdingomis ypatybėmis. / A subject of performance destined philosopher patent individuality. There are saying that in Lithuania on that time is just one philosopher – Arvydas Šliogeris. Do not plumb in it how much is it right, but a spread of performance and discussing subjects no doubt very useful for community of philosophy education. Individual author style, usable idea and conception logic character commanding a chance to apply his performances to the academic investigation and aplenty philosophy subject par terminology do not let to blame the works of A.Šliogeris to the others functional styles. The analyzed material comprises of 600 sentence, randomly chosen from books, which are considered as philosophy texts. Works were tried to type in different genre of texts. For investigation were picked works of philosophy are dividing to two group. The first group was made of works: Būtis ir pasaulis: tyliojo gyvenimo fragmentai“ (1990), „Sietuvos: eseistikos rinktinė“ (1992), „Konservatoriaus išpažintys: 1988 – 1994 metų tekstai“ (1995); the second „Alfa ir omega: ontotopijos metmenys“ (1999), „Niekis ir esmas“ I t. (2005), „Niekis ir esmas“ t. II (2005). A object of work is to write what kind of character is sentences (long or short, simple sentences, coordinate, asyndetic ) are using in philosophers works and as sentence structure depends on text type. Very important to clarify how much got facts are representing scientific style and how much is individual, is just difference scientific sentences par... [to full text]

In the system of functional styles, the publicistic style occupies an intermediate position between subject-specific styles and the belles-lettres style. Presently, it is possible to speak about a separate publicistic style, since its varieties have been fully formed. It has been observed that the issue of analysing publicistic-style varieties is very topical and results from the growing popularity of this style. The typology of the publicistic style has not been widely investigated in works on Lithuanian language stylistics. This style is not divided into clear-cut varieties: more emphasis is placed on its genre differentiation. On the basis of linguistic and non-linguistic factors, the following varieties of the publicistic style (sub-styles) may be distinguished: informational, analytical and the sub-style of expressive information (artistic publicistics). So far, the place of artistic publicistics between the publicistic and other functional styles has not been defined; therefore, description of texts of this sub-style poses problems. The publicistic style is defined by the linguistic characteristics of different levels of language: the length of the sentence, the frequency of different parts of speech in a sentence, etc. The syntactical and morphological structure of this style is also influenced by non-linguistic attributes: the addressant, the addressee, the content of texts, functions of the act of speech, etc. The average length of sentences in publicistic-style... [to full text]

This study investigated: i) whether Indonesian students transfer their Indonesian (L1) schema, rhetorical structures, and cultural conventions when engaged in seminars in English (L2) in Indonesian academic contexts; ii) whether Australian students transfer their Australian English (L1) schema, rhetorical structures, and cultural conventions when engaged in seminar presentations in Indonesian (L2) in Australian academic contexts; iii) the extent to which and in what ways the respective schema, rhetorical structures, and cultural conventions differ; iv) the functions of discourse markers in these seminars; and v) the use of signposts in presentations.The analysis of the schema, the rhetorical structures, and cultural conventions is limited to: i) the overall schema of a seminar; ii) the major components of a presentation; iii) the exchange structure of the question and answer sessions; iv) the rhetorical structure of presentation introductions; iv) the rhetorical structure of questions; and v) the rhetorical structure of answers.The data were obtained from tape and video recordings of four groups of student seminars as presented below.1. Indonesian students' seminars conducted in Indonesian in Indonesian academic settings.2. Indonesian students' seminars conducted in English in Indonesian academic settings.3. Australian students' seminars conducted in English in Australian academic settings.4. Australian students' seminars conducted in Indonesian in Australian academic settings.The Indonesian students' seminars in Indonesian and in English were held at the IKIP (Higher Institution for Teacher Training) Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The Australian students' seminars in English were held at Curtin University of Technology, Australia. The Australian students' seminars in Indonesian were held at Curtin University of Technology and Murdoch University, Australia. The ++ / seminars were part of students' course assignments. The topics of the seminars were social and educational issues. The age of the students ranged from 20 to 30 years old.A total of 67 seminars comprised the data. The findings have shown that:(i) Indonesian students transfer their Ll schema, rhetorical structures, and cultural conventions when engaging in seminars conducted in English in Indonesian academic settings.(ii) Australian students transfer their Ll schema, rhetorical structures, and cultural conventions when engaging in seminars conducted in Indonesian in Australian academic settings.(iii) Indonesian students' schema, rhetorical structures, and cultural conventions in seminars conducted in Indonesian differ from the Australian students' schema, rhetorical structures, and cultural conventions in seminars conducted in English.(iv) The equivalent discourse markers across the four groups have the same functions.(v) Indonesian students used more signposts in their presentations in English than the rest of the groups.The report of the study is presented in nine sections as shown below.Section A presents the introduction, review of the related literature, and methodology. Section B presents findings of the Indonesian data in Indonesian.Section C presents findings of the Australian data in English.Section D compares the findings of the Indonesian data in Indonesian and the Australian data in English.Section E presents the findings of the Indonesian data in English.Section F compares the findings between: i) the Indonesian data in Indonesian and the Indonesian data in English; and ii) the Indonesian data in English and the Australian data in English.Section G presents the findings of the Australian data in Indonesian.Section H compares the findings between: i) the Australian data in English and the Australian data in Indonesian; and ii) the Australian data in ++ / Indonesian and the Indonesian data in Indonesian.Section I presents conclusions, implications, and recommendations for further study.

Mémoire (M.E.L.)--Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2001. / Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina Wilmington, 2009. / Title from PDF title page (January 11, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-50)

Thesis (M. A.)--University of Canterbury, 2009. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 197-218). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Diss.--Würzburg--Phil. Fak., 1998/99. / Description, analyse critique et édition du manuscrit conservé à Vérone, à la Biblioteca Capitolare (Ms. MCXXVIII). Bibliogr. p. 59-105 (t.2). Index.