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Tratamento e reaproveitamento de res?duos de su?nos como biofertilizante na cafeicultura. / Treatment and reuse of waste from pigs as biofertilizer in coffee production.Sousa, Francine Aparecida 16 July 2010 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2010 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / A distribui??o como biofertilizantes ? uma alternativa vi?vel para a destina??o dos dejetos produzidos na suinocultura, j? que eles possuem nutrientes tais como f?sforo, nitrog?nio, entre outros. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar os par?metros f?sico-qu?micos de dejetos l?quidos de su?nos (DLS), tratados em sistema de lagoas em s?rie e avaliar as altera??es nos atributos microbiol?gicos de um solo cultivado com caf? ap?s aplica??o de diferentes doses de DLS. O estudo foi conduzido na Granja Campo Alegre e na Fazenda Yamaguchi, no Munic?pio de Diamantina, Minas Gerais. Os DLS foram coletados em v?rios pontos: sa?da das instala??es, sa?da da lagoa anaer?bia, sa?da da primeira lagoa facultativa e sa?da da segunda lagoa facultativa, sendo analisados: Demanda Qu?mica de Oxig?nio (DQOt), Demanda Bioqu?mica de Oxig?nio (DBO5), Concentra??o de S?lidos Totais (ST), Nitrog?nio Total (N-Total), F?sforo, Pot?ssio, Zinco e Cobre. Ap?s an?lise, os dejetos foram aplicados em um cafeeiro, em experimento, constitu?do por cinco tratamentos com cinco repeti??es. As amostras de solo foram coletadas, na camada de 0-10 cm, de profundidade. Foram avaliados a respira??o basal, o carbono da biomassa microbiana e determinado o quociente metab?lico. Os resultados permitiram constatar que o sistema de lagoas de estabiliza??o em s?rie apresenta 88% de efici?ncia na remo??o de DQOt e 91% na remo??o de DBO5. As fra??es de s?lidos apresentaram comportamento semelhante e a efici?ncia de remo??o de N-Total correspondeu a 24,2%. O uso de dejetos l?quidos de su?nos no solo, antes e 30 dias ap?s sua aplica??o, aumentou a biomassa microbiana do solo e a atividade microbiana. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que o sistema de lagoas de estabiliza??o em s?rie demonstra ser eficiente na remo??o do excesso de nutrientes. Ressalte-se que o tratamento demonstrou caracter?sticas favor?veis ao reaproveitamento dos dejetos como biofertilizante. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT The distribution in biofertilizer form is a feasible alternative for disposal of waste produced by pigs, since they have nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, among others. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the physical and chemical parameters of pig slurry (DLS), treated in a system of ponds in series and evaluate the changes in the microbial soil of a coffee plantation after applying different doses of pig slurry. The study was conducted in the Campo Alegre Farm and Ranch Yamaguchi in the city of Diamantina, Minas Gerais. The DLS were collected at various points: exit of the facilities, exit of the anaerobic pond, exit of the first facultative pond, exit of the second facultative pond, and analyzed: Chemical Oxygen Demand (DQOt), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) concentration Total Solids (DS), Total Nitrogen (Total-N), Phosphorus, Potassium, Zinc, and Copper. After analysis, the pig manure were applied in a coffee plantation, in an experiment consisting of five treatments with five replications. Soil samples were collected at 0-10 cm depth. It was evaluated the basal respiration, microbial biomass carbon and metabolic quotient determined. The results show that the system of stabilization ponds in series features 88% efficiency in removing DQOt and 91% for BOD5 removal. The fractions of solids showed similar behavior and t removal efficiency of Total-N accounted for 24.2%. Use of pig slurry in soil, before and 30 days after application, amplified the soil microbial biomass and microbial activity. The results showed that the system of stabilization ponds in series proves to be effective in removing excess nutrients. It is noteworthy that treatment showed favorable characteristics for reuse of wastes as biofertilizers.
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Utiliza??o de misturas de ?leos vegetais na ra??o de su?nos em termina??o / Use of mixtures of vegetable oils in the finished swine feeding rateSouza, Claudiana da Silva 24 February 2017 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2017-02-24 / Objetivou-se avaliar a adi??o de diferentes Blends de ?leos vegetais em ra??es para su?nos em termina??o. Foram utilizados 24 su?nos machos castrados, com peso m?dio inicial de 72 ? 3,4 Kg/PV em delineamento em blocos casualizados contendo quatro tratamentos e seis repeti??es. Os tratamentos consistiram de: ?leo de soja - 100%; e da combina??o dos diferentes ?leos formando: Blend 1- (50% ?leo de soja, 25% ?leo de linha?a, 12,5% ?leo de oliva e 12,5% ?leo de canola); Blend 2- (25% de ?leo de soja, 50% de ?leo de linha?a, 12.5% oliva e 12.5 % canola); e Blend 3- (25% de ?leo de soja, 12,5% ?leo de linha?a, 12,5% ?leo de oliva e 50% ?leo de canola). Foram avaliados o desempenho, os par?metros quantitativos e qualitativos da carca?a, o perfil de ?cidos graxos e a viabilidade econ?mica das dietas. O uso dos Blends nas dietas n?o influenciou o desempenho nem a qualidade da carca?a, mas aumentou o marmoreio e o rendimento de carca?a. O perfil de ?cidos graxos do lombo apresentou maiores quantidades de ?cido este?rico no Blend 3 e maior percentual de ?cidos graxos insaturados nos animais do Blend 1, o tecido adiposo apresentou maior quantidade de ?cido mir?stico no Blend 1 e ?cido oleico no Blend 3. A ra??o controle foi a mais econ?mica. Os Blends n?o ofereceram preju?zo no desempenho e caracter?sticas de carca?a e melhorou o perfil de ?cidos graxos da carne. / The objective of this study was to evaluate the addition of different Blends of vegetable oils in feed for finished pigs. Twenty - four castrated male pigs with initial mean weight of 72 ? 3.4 kg / PV were used in a randomized complete block design with four treatments and six replicates. The treatments consisted of: Control ration - soybean oil 100%; And the combination of the different oils forming: Blend 1- (50% soybean oil, 25% flaxseed oil, 12.5% olive oil and 12.5% canola oil); Blend 2- (25% soybean oil, 50% linseed oil, 12.5% olive and 12.5% canola); And Blend 3- (25% soybean oil, 12.5% flaxseed oil, 12.5% olive oil and 50% canola oil). The performance, the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the carcass, the fatty acid profile and the economic viability of the diets were evaluated. The use of Blends in the diets did not influence the performance nor the quality of the carcass, but increased the marbling, and the carcass yield. The profile of fatty acids of the loin presented higher amounts of stearic acid in Blend 3 and higher percentage of unsaturated fatty acids in the Blend 1 animals, the adipose tissue presented greater amount of myristic acid in Blend 1 and oleic acid in Blend 3. Control was the most economic. The Blends did not adversely affect performance and carcass characteristics and improved the fatty acid profile of meat.
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?Levedo de cerveja? na alimenta??o de ovinos e su?nos: intoxica??es natural e experimental, margem de seguran?a e profilaxia / Beer Yeast for Sheep and Pig feeding: Natural and Experimental Intoxication, Safety Margin and PreventionGama, Ana Paula de Arag?o 31 August 2012 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2012-08-31 / Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do RJ - FAPERJ / Considering the practice of using liquid alcoholic yeast (beer yeast) - a byproduct of the
brewery industry - for animal feed on some farms in the southern Fluminense region of
Brazil, this study was made to establish the safety margin and the clinic-pathological picture
of the intoxication characterized mainly by staggering gait, trips and falls; furthermore, to
suggest preventive measures that could avoid or minimize this type of alcoholic intoxication
in sheep and pigs. It was seen that the clinic-pathologic picture of the experimental
intoxication by beer yeast in sheep, and the natural and experimental intoxication in pigs, is
similar to that observed in other animal species poisoned by ethanol, or in cattle by beer yeast.
Concentrations of 3.8 and 8.875mL/kg of ethanol contained in the yeast, caused respectively
mild to moderate clinical signs and severe ones in sheep. As prophylactic measures are
suggested (1) appropriated dilution of beer yeast in water or with beer yeast already stored on
the farm (old yeast), (2) beer yeast administration proportionally to animal weight/size, (3)
continuous administration without interruption, providing other food is given, as soybean or
corn meal, with water ad libitum. It was concluded that despite beer yeast is increasingly used
for sheep, pigs and cattle on farms in southern Rio de Janeiro state - since many farmers apply
one or more prophylactic measure suggested here - ethanol intoxication through beer yeast is
uncommon and death rarely occurs; so, the yeast could be used, providing the prophylactic
measures are observed. / Considerando a pr?tica de utilizar ?levedo? l?quido (alco?lico) (LC) - subproduto da ind?stria
cervejeira - na alimenta??o de animais, em alguns estabelecimentos da Regi?o Sul
Fluminense, esse estudo foi realizado para estabelecer as margens de seguran?a e o quadro
cl?nico-patol?gico caracterizado principalmente por andar cambaleante, trope?os e quedas;
bem como sugerir medidas profil?ticas que impe?am ou minimizem esse tipo de intoxica??o
alco?lica para ovinos e su?nos. Verificou-se que o quadro cl?nico-patol?gico na intoxica??o
experimental em ovinos e nas intoxica??es natural e experimental em su?nos, ? semelhante ao
observado em outras esp?cies intoxicadas por etanol ou em bovinos pelo LC. Concentra??es
de 3,8 e 8,875mL/kg de etanol contido no LC, causaram quadros cl?nicos de leve a moderado
e grave em ovinos, respectivamente. Como medidas profil?ticas sugere-se: dilui??o adequada
do LC com ?gua, soro de leite ou com o LC j? estocado na propriedade (LC antigo);
administra??o do LC proporcional ao peso/tamanho dos animais, administra??o cont?nua, sem
interrup??es, disponibilizar outro alimento no cocho, como farelo de soja ou fub? de milho e
?gua ? vontade. Conclui-se que apesar do ?levedo de cerveja? ser cada vez mais utilizado nas
propriedades criadoras de ovinos, su?nos e bovinos, no sul do Estado do Rio de Janeiro j? que,
muitos propriet?rios aplicam uma ou mais medidas profil?ticas aqui sugeridas, as intoxica??es
pelo etanol, contido no LC s?o pouco frequentes e raramente ocorrem mortes, de forma que
esse produto deve ser utilizado, desde que as medidas profil?ticas sejam observadas
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Sildenafil reverte o fen?meno da vasoconstri??o pulmonar hip?xica em porcos rec?m-nascidosTessler, Rog?rio Blasbalg 02 April 2008 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2008-04-02 / O sildenafil ? um potente vasodilatador usado no tratamento da hipertens?o pulmonar persistente do rec?m nascido, entretanto existe conflito sobre os dados referentes ao efeito sobre a oxigena??o. Testamos o efeito sobre a vasoconstri??o pulmonar hip?xica (HPV) em porcos rec?m nascidos. Um segmento do pulm?o atelect?tico foi criado atrav?s da obstru??o de um br?nquio. O fluxo sangu?neo total e o fluxo local para o lobo atelect?tico e o lobo contra-lateral foram mensurados atrav?s da resson?ncia magn?tica nuclear (MRI), 30 minutos e ap?s a administra??o de sildenafil (0.2 e 1mg/kg ev) ou solu??o salina. O fluxo estava reduzido (P<0.01) no lobo atelect?tico e aumentado no lobo contra-lateral, indicando uma resposta da HPV adequada. Sildenafil nas doses oferecidas significativamente (P<0.01) aumenta o fluxo local para o lobo atelect?tico. Na dose de 1mg/Kg causa uma diminui??o da PaO2 de 285?37 para 161?22 mmHg (P<0.01). N?s conclu?mos que o rec?m nascido apresenta uma resposta HPV adequada, que interrompe quase por completo o fluxo de sangue para ?reas n?o ventiladas do pulm?o. Esse fen?meno ? revertido ap?s a administra??o do sildenafil endovenoso de forma dose dependente. Na presen?a de doen?a do par?nquima pulmonar, o uso de sildenafil endovenoso para o tratamento de hipertens?o pulmonar pode piorar a oxigena??o atrav?s da revers?o da resposta pulmonar vasoconstritora nas ?reas n?o ventiladas do pulm?o.
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