Thesis (Ph. D.)--Institute of Paper Chemistry, 1976. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 80-83).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio University, June, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 186-191)

Les biaryles à chiralité axiale sont des structures privilégiées qui ont un rôle important en chimie. On les trouve dans de nombreux produits naturels biologiquement actifs, en tant que ligands chiraux en catalyse asymétrique ou encore en science des matériaux. Le but est de développer une méthode permettant de contrôler la chiralité axiale de biaryles en l’absence de métaux de transition en utilisant le couplage ARYNE. Une première approche consiste en un dédoublement atropo-diastéréosélectif dans lequel l’agent de dédoublement chiral est un sulfoxyde qui est introduit en position ortho d’un précurseur biarylique issu d’un couplage ARYNE. Basée sur la déracémisation et sur la fonctionnalisation ultérieure régio- et chimiosélective des deux parties aromatiques du biaryle énantiopur obtenu, elle permet d’accéder à une large famille de biaryles. Une seconde approche consiste à effectuer un couplage ARYNE atropo-diastéréosélectif en introduisant un auxiliaire de chiralité (sulfoxydes, oxazolines, diéthers) sur l’un des partenaires de couplage. Les biaryles ainsi obtenus peuvent être fonctionnalisés afin de synthétiser des ligands chiraux. / Biaryls are privileged structures which have an important role in chemistry. We can find them in several biologically active natural products, in asymmetric catalysis as ligands or in material sciences. The aim is to develop a methodology allowing the control of the axial chirality without transition metal using the ARYNE coupling. The first approach consists in an atropo-diastereoselective resolution in which the chiral solving agent is a sulfoxide introduced in ortho position of the biarylic precursor arising from the ARYNE coupling. Based on the deracemization and on the subsequent regio- and chemioselective functionalization of the two aromatic parts of the enantiopur biaryl obtained, it allows to access to a large family of biarylic compounds. A second approach consists in making an atropo-diastereoselective ARYNE coupling introducing a chiral auxiliary (sulfoxides, oxazolines, diethers) on one of the coupling partners. The biaryl compounds obtained could be functionalized in order to synthesize chiral ligands.

Neste trabalho promovemos a síntese de sulfóxidos vinílicos ?-substituídos através da reação de acoplamento cruzado de Suzuki-Miyaura. Também foi feita a síntese de sulfóxidos enínicos inéditos, pela adição do nucleófilo no carbono β-sulfóxido. Esses compostos eram passíveis de serem submetidos a reação de rearranjo de Pummerer aditivo e assim gerarem uma pequena biblioteca de compostos α-tioaldeídos. Um desses aldeídos sintetizados foi empregado na reação de formação de uma imina propargílica, com consequente reação de CuAAC formando iminas triazólicas. Outras iminas arílicas foram sintetizadas, passando por uma etapa de redução, com intuito de se obter a amina livre, para que fosse feita a reação de ciclização com auxílio de um agente eletrofílico. Outra classe de composto organoenxofre foi sintetizada, as N-sulfinil imina, que após a reação de acoplamento cruzado de Sonogashira, com consequente remoção de um grupo protetor e a formação do anel heterocíclico, foram obtidos compostos triazólicos N-sulfinil imínicos. / In this work we promote the synthesis of α-substituted vinylic sulfoxides through the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction. Also the synthesis of unpublished enynic sulfoxides was made, by the addition of the nucleophile in the β-sulfoxide carbon. These compounds were susceptible to additive Pummerer rearragement reaction and thus generated a small library of compounds. One of these aldehydes synthesized was used in the formation reaction of a propargyl imine, with consequent CuAAC reaction, forming triazol imines. Other aryl imines were synthesized, undergoing a reduction step, in order to obtain the free amine, so that the cyclization reaction was carried out with the aid of an electrophilic agent. Another class of organosulfur compound was synthesized, the N-sulfinyl imine, which after the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction, with consequent removal of a protecting group and formation of the heterocyclic ring, N-sulfinyl imine triazolic compounds were obtained.

Ce travail a été consacré à l’utilisation d’un sulfoxyde chiral pour effectuer une réaction de cyclisation polarisée de Nazarov asymétrique. Une méthodologie mettant en jeu une condensation de Knoevenagel a été mise au point pour la synthèse de divinylcétones portant un sulfoxyde chiral en position α. Cet auxiliaire a mené à une sélectivité du sens de rotation, appelée torquosélectivité, des orbitales π impliquées dans l’électrocyclisation. Une diastéréodivergence de la pentannelation a pu être développée à partir de substrats dihydropyraniques qui ont mis en évidence une inversion de torquosélectivité selon l’acide de Lewis employé. La cyclisation de différents substrats (hétéro)-aromatiques a aussi montré des torquosélectivités importantes, ceci ayant permis de réaliser la première synthèse non-racémique d’une indanone dérivée de l’acide gallique, composé anticancéreux. Par la suite, une réduction stéréodivergente du carbonyle de la cyclopenténone formé a pu conduire aux carbinols épimères correspondants. Parallèlement, l’oxydation de l’inducteur chiral en sulfone a donné lieu à une allylation avec une totale diastéréosélectivité. Enfin, le clivage de la liaison C-S sous forme de sulfure ou de sulfone a permis d’élaborer, avec un excellent stéréocontrôle, des bicycles dihydropyrane-cyclopentane fusionnés à substituants fonctionnalisés. / This work was devoted to the use of a chiral sulfoxide to perform an asymmetric polarized Nazarov cyclization. A methodology involving a Knoevenagel condensation has been developed for the synthesis of divinylketones bearing a chiral sulfoxide in α-position.This auxiliary led to a rotation direction selectivity, called torquoselectivity, for the orbitals involving during the electrocyclization. A pentannelation diastereodivergence could be developed from dihydropyran-containing substrats that showed a torquoselectivity switch depending to the used Lewis acid.(Hétéro)-aromatic substrates cyclization also showed significant torquoselectivities, this allowed the first non-racemic synthesis of a gallic acid-based indanone, an anticancer agent.Thereafter, stereodivergente reduction of the cyclopentenone carbonyl gave the two corresponding carbinolic epimers. In parallel, the chiral inductor oxidation into sulfone allowed a total diastereoselective allylation. Finally, C-S bond cleavage, as sulfide or sulfone, afforded dihydropyran-fused-cyclopentane rings bearing functionalized substituents with excellent stereocontrol.

Orientador: Luis Roberto Marcondes Martins / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T11:02:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Stape_ThiagoHenriqueScarabello_D.pdf: 2806642 bytes, checksum: ff8fdbed5d394599068a4bc1d64d36c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Essa tese avaliou um novo protocolo adesivo, que consiste no pré-tratamento dentinário com dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) 50%, com o intuito de otimizar a durabilidade de interfaces adesivas produzidas pelos mecanismos de união convencional e autocondicionante envolvendo o substrato dentinário. Para isso, foram realizados dois estudos independentes para avaliar: (i) o efeito do uso do dimetilsufóxido (DMSO) na resistência de união imediata e na exposição de matriz colágena decorrente da hibridização dentinária na interface adesiva; e (ii) para avaliar o efeito do protocolo proposto na conversão monomérica na camada híbrida e na resistência de união após envelhecimento. Terceiros molares hígidos foram coletados e limpos, a face oclusal foi seccionada, expondo uma superfície dentinária de profundidade média, que foi saturada com uma solução aquosa de DMSO 50% (pH 8.2) após o condicionamento ácido para o sistema convencional de três passos (Adper Scothbond Multi-Purpose: 3M ESPE: SBMP) e previamente a aplicação do sistema autocondicionante de dois passos (Clearfil SE Bond: Kuraray; CF) no substrato mineralizado. Nos grupos controles, as amostras não foram tratadas com DMSO. Os segmentos restaurados com resina composta foram seccionados e submetidos ao ensaio de microtração após 24 h à 0,5 mm/min até a fratura (n=12) e no segundo estudo (n=10), após 1 ano e 2 anos. Foi realizada Two-way ANOVA para análise dos dados imediatos e no segundo estudo foi utilizada ANOVA medidas repetidas (proc mixed), ambos seguidos pelo Teste de Tukey (?=0.05). Foi realizado a análise histomorfométrica (n=12) para avaliação da extensão de matriz colágena exposta na interface adesiva por meio de microscopia ótica e coloração de Tricrômica de Masson após 24 h. Esses dados foram submetidos a Two-way ANOVA, seguido do Teste de Tukey (?=0.05). O grau de conversão monomérica (DC) na camada híbrida foi avaliado por espectroscopia micro-raman após 24 h (n=10), sendo submetidos a One-way ANOVA e Teste de Tukey (?=0.05). A interação entre protocolo adesivo e sistema adesivo influenciou significativamente a extensão de matriz colágena exposta (p<0,0001) e resistência de união imediata (p=0,0091). O protocolo adesivo com DMSO reduziu significativamente o grau de exposição de matriz colágena exposta (SBMP: 85,3% e CF: 61,5%), melhorando a qualidade da hibridização dentinária para ambos sistemas adesivos. Não houve influência negativa do DMSO na conversão monomérica do SBMP (p=0.892); já para o CF, houve aumento na conversão monomérica (p=0.033). O pré-tratamento com DMSO aumentou a resistência de união imediata do SBMP (p<0.0001). Considerando as amostras não tratadas, houve uma redução significativa (SBMP: 45,6% e CF: 36,8%) na resistência de união do SBMP (p<0.0001) e CF (p<0.0001) após dois anos de envelhecimento. Independentemente do tipo de adesivo, não houve diferença estatística na resistência de união entre valores imediatos e após 2 dois anos quando o DMSO foi empregado (p>0,05). A análise dos padrões de falha evidenciou uma tendência na redução no número de falhas adesivas após dois anos para as amostras tratadas com DMSO. Portanto, o protocolo adesivo proposto utilizando o DMSO é uma abordagem promissora para reduzir degradação da interface adesiva para os adesivos convencional e autocondicionante testados / Abstract: This work highlights a new bonding concept using 50% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a dentin pre-treatment to optimize resin-dentin bonding for both etch-and rinse and self-etch adhesive systems after long-term aging. Two independent studies were performed: (i) to evaluate the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide wet-bonding technique on resin infiltration depths at the bonded interface and dentin bond strength; and (ii) to examine the effect of dentin pre-treatment with DMSO on the degree of conversion and dentin bond strength after long-term aging. Flat dentin surfaces derived from extracted sound human third molars were saturated with 50% DMSO (pH 8.2) after acid etching for a water-based etch-and-rinse adhesive system (Adper Scothbond Multi-Purpose: 3M ESPE; SBMP), and before acid primer application for a 10-MDP self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond: Kuraray; CF). In control groups, specimens were not treated with DMSO. The restored tooth segments were sectioned and submitted to microtensile bond strength test at 24 h (n=12), 1 year (n=10) and 2 years (n=10) at 0.5 mm/min until specimen fracture. One slab per tooth (n=12) was stained by Masson Trichrome and the extent of exposed collagen matrix at the bonded interface was evaluated using optical microscopy and a histomorphometric software at 24 h. Statistical analysis of the extension of collagen exposure was performed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey Test (?=0.05). The degree of conversion (DC) was measured inside the hybrid layer by micro-raman spectroscopy (n=10) at 24 h. DC statistical analysis was performed by One-way ANOVA and Tukey Test (?=0.05). Immediate microtesnile data was statistically analyzed Two-way ANOVA and aged data was analyzed by repeated measurres ANOVA (proc mixed). Post hoc multiple comparisons were performed by Tukey Test (?=0.05). The interaction between "dentin pre-treatment" and "adhesive system" significantly influence the extent of exposed collagen matrix (p<0.0001) and dentin bond strength (p=0.0091). The adhesive protocol with DMSO significantly reduced the extent of exposed collagen matrix (SBMP: 85.3% and CF: 61.5%), improving the quality of dentin hybridization for both adhesive systems. There was no negative influence of DMSO in monomer conversion for SBMP (p=0.892); nevertheless, there was an increase in monomer conversion (p=0.033) for CF. Dentin pretreatment with DMSO increased the immediate bond strength of SBMP (p<0.0001). Considering the untreated samples, there was a significant reduction (SBMP: 45.6% and CF: 36.8%) on the bond strength of SBMP (p<0.0001) and CF (p<0.0001) after two years of aging. Regardless of adhesive type, no significant reduction in bond strength at two years for DMSO-treated samples was observed. Fracture pattern analysis showed a tendency toward reduction in the number of adhesive failures when the DMSO-wet bonding was performed. Therefore, DMSO-wet bonding is a promising approach to reduce resin-dentin bond degradation of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives / Doutorado / Dentística / Doutor em Clínica Odontológica

No description available.

Alliin is a predominant flavor precursor in garlic cloves. It interacts with the enzyme alliinase when garlic cloves are crushed, cut, or chewed to produce allicin, an unstable thiosulfinate that is the main biologically active component of fresh crushed garlic. Biological functions and health benefits of garlic include reduction of cancer risk in humans, improving immune system, and anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-hypertensive activities. The quality of fresh garlic and garlic products is usually related to its alliin content and allicin release potential. This research presents a simple, rapid, and precise HPLC method for alliin determination. It involves the use of 30:70% methanol: water and 0.05% sodium dodecylsulfate mobile phase composition, C18 5 μm disc column of size 3.9 x 150 μm, and detector set at 210 nm. The method showed good reproducibility with 0.56%-4.11% relative standard deviations, a linear response of peak area to alliin concentration of 0.4 ng/mL-80 ng/mL, and average recovery of 93.5%-101%. Determination of alliin in eight garlic samples indicated the highest amount in garlic tablet that was expected. The method presented is economical and efficient and can be used in alliin determination. The method gave a satisfactory chromatograms with methanol-hydrochloric acid extract but not with hot water extract.

京都大学 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(工学) / 乙第13581号 / 論工博第4212号 / 新制||工||1990(附属図書館) / (主査)教授 松原 誠二郎, 教授 中尾 佳亮, 教授 浦山 健治 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

No description available.