No description available.

School counselors support students' social-emotional, academic, and career readiness (ASCA, 2019). However, who provides support for school counselors to navigate this herculean responsibility? Supervision provides opportunities for counselors to learn, consult, and practice counseling knowledge and skills to offer the most research-informed, inclusive, and culturally responsive services to appropriately support clients' needs (Bernard and Goodyear, 2019; Ratts et al., 2015; Mitchell and Butler, 2021). With the current state of society, students' mental health and social-emotional needs are paramount, and the support needed for school counselors to assist students' holistic development is critical. The author proposes #S.O.S.³ to promote the Supervision of School Counselors to Support Students. Without counseling supervision, research warns of erosion of school counselor self-efficacy. This qualitative, phenomenological study used semi-structured interviews to investigate ten school counseling supervisors' (SCS) counseling supervision experiences. This study uncovered five superordinate themes and related subthemes regarding the supervision experiences of SCS who received and delivered clinical supervision. Implications for SCS, counselor educators, school district and state educational administrators on the needs of SCS that will inform the supervision of school counselors who provide counseling services to support students' social-emotional/mental health needs are discussed. / Doctor of Philosophy / Supervision provides opportunities for counselors to learn, consult, and practice counseling knowledge and skills to offer the most research-informed, inclusive, and culturally responsive services to appropriately support clients' needs (Bernard and Goodyear, 2019; Ratts et al., 2015; Mitchell and Butler, 2021). Research has uncovered that school counselors often receive none or minimal clinical supervision compared to counselors in agencies, hospitals, and private practice (Page et al., 2001; Dollarhide and Miller, 2006; DeKruyf et al., 2013). Also, research shows school counselors prefer supervisors that have clinical mental health understanding and knowledge (Dollarhide and Miller, 2006; Roberts and Borders, 1994), and school counselors who participate in clinical supervision continue to develop skills and techniques to assist in appropriate strategies and interventions to support students and families (Bledsoe et al., 2021). However, despite the increased number of studies on school counseling supervision, few studies have explicitly focused on school counseling supervisors' (SCS) experiences. This qualitative, phenomenological study, using semi-structured interviews, investigated the clinical supervision perceptions and experiences of ten SCS who received and provided clinical supervision. This study discovered five superordinate themes and related subthemes regarding clinical supervision experiences, including professional (a) preparation, (b) identity, (c) self-efficacy, (d) challenges, and (e) quality of life. Implications for school counseling supervision are discussed.

No description available.

In this thesis, I explore the impact and effectiveness of clinical supervision provided by external clinical supervisors, on workers from a variety of practice backgrounds in a residential rehabilitation centre, in the AOD sector. This thesis uses the framework of social work supervision, as defined by Kadushin (1985; 2002), with the administrative, educative and supportive elements. The research focuses closely on the latter two elements. For this purpose, I employ qualitative research methods, via a triangulation of methods, being guided by Participatory Action Research (PAR) and then conducting semi-structured interviews and focus groups as well as acting as a participant observer, to gather the data. The data was analysed using grounded theory. This research was based upon a clinical supervision project that was fully funded and provided free clinical supervision by external supervisors, providing both individual and group supervision, for a period of 10 months. There were a total of 16 respondents with varied roles and training backgrounds as well as an additional six supervisors, interviewed throughout different stages of the project. The various roles undertaken by me throughout the research process provided essential viewpoints on supervision, as well as the place of boundaries and need for support. The power of such a large scale intervention is discussed and ultimately highlights and identifies the particular benefits of supervision in this research arena. This thesis places clinical supervision in the context of workforce development in the Alcohol and Other Drug (AOD) sector. Thus, while this research elucidates a number of benefits and the factors involved with this experience, the clear separation of other modalities such as training, mentoring and Critical Incident debriefing are seen as integral additional avenues of support and professional development. This research concludes also with what the difficulties and hindrances were for people to continue with regular ongoing clinical supervision, and warrants the argument for interminable supervision in this setting. This research points to an overall paucity of literature on efficacy studies, especially in the AOD context in Australia. This research significantly adds to this dearth and examines the factors unique to the AOD sector in Australia, as well as what factors make for effective supervision. The particular impact of external supervisors and group supervision are explored, which underwrites the forwarded concept of a customised supervision for this setting. By making explicit in this research what the efficacy is on those new to supervision, it provides greater clarity for future studies. A number of recommendations are proposed as result of this research. New definitions of the supportive function of supervision and of clinical supervision are forwarded, as is a new look at the evolving history of social work supervision. This thesis highlights the impact of external supervisors and the unique contribution they offer.

Collegiate equestrian programs are costly to operate, and cost often exceeds revenue from tuition. The local problem in this project study was the need for supplemental revenue to support a cost-intensive equestrian program, without cutbacks or raising student fees. The study examined the integration of an equine-assisted activities and therapy (EAAT) program for additional income, while capitalizing on existing institutional resources at a Midwestern university in the United States. Research questions explored how to implement an EAAT program to close the budgetary gap at the project site. Systems theory formed the conceptual framework for analyzing the relationship between program characteristics and budgetary adequacy, as well as promising points of intervention in the systemic relationship between program and budget. A mixed methods design included a quantitative survey of all U.S. post-secondary institutions (37) with EAAT programs. Survey data were expanded and validated through open-ended interviews using a panel of five experts selected from the survey group. Data analysis included the constant comparative method, member checking, and triangulation procedures. Focus groups provided feedback on analyzed data regarding application to the project site. Results revealed dominant themes: collaborations; the relationship with administration; finances; staffing; scheduling; and employability. A three-option proposal was created to integrate EAAT, which included students providing community EAAT services to enhance their professional skills, and program revenue. Beyond addressing the financial issue, the social change implications of this study include preparing college graduates for service-based careers that advance a culture of equity and diversity in the workplaces to which they will bring the values learned in the EAAT program.

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

Affektfokuserad psykoterapi är på frammarsch i västvärlden och forskningen indikerar goda resultat. Vidare är handledning ett viktigt moment för många yrkesgrupper, inte minst för psykoterapeuter. Det finns mycket forskning om handledning i allmänhet, däremot finns det inte så mycket forskning om effekter av grupphandledning. Syftet med denna studie var dels att undersöka vad en teoretisk utbildning samt metodhandledning i grupp i affektfokuserad psykoterapi kommit att betyda för fem deltagande psykoterapeuter, dels att se på vilket sätt de använder sig av affektfokuserad psykoterapi. Metoden som använts i studien har en kvalitativ ansats och den baseras på semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultatet visar att metodhandledningen var mycket värdefull. Samtliga informanter sade sig vara nöjda med metodhandledningen, även om den också många gånger var känslomässigt utmanande. Alla sade sig vara intresserade av affektfokuserad psykoterapi, och hade stor nytta av metodens olika inslag i mötet med patienter. Däremot använde sig ingen av metoden på ett renodlat sätt i sin kliniska verksamhet. / Affect-focused psychotherapy is on the march in the western world and the research indicates good results. Furthermore, supervision is a valuable element for many professionals, especially for psychotherapists. There is much research on supervision in general, however, there is not much research on the effects of group supervision. The purpose of this study was to investigate what the theoretical training and method group supervision in affect-focused psychotherapy have come to mean for the five participating psychotherapists, and to see how they make use of affect-focused psychotherapy. The method used in the study has a qualitative approach and it is based on semi structured interviews. The results show that method supervision was very important. All respondents said they were satisfied with the method supervision, although many times it was emotionally challenging. All said they were interested in affect-focused psychotherapy, and had great use of the method and its various elements with their patients. However none used the method in a pure manner in their clinical activities.

No description available.

L’être humain est un être de relation. Il naît et grandit en lien avec l’autre, et ce n’est que graduellement que s’établit un « je », un « tu » et, dans une spirale continue, à la fois le rapport à soi et à autrui. La relation se fonde donc sur le lien intersubjectif et la communication s’active au gré des résonances qui font écho au vécu des différentes personnes en contact les unes avec les autres. De la naissance à la mort, la personne sera constamment et immédiatement renvoyée à l’expérience du « nous », du soi, de l’autre et du lien qui les unit. L’expérience d’un « nous » englobe ce que chacun transporte dans l’instant de rencontre et révèle la singularité du moment. Ceci s’applique à toutes les situations, et en particulier au processus de psychothérapie et de supervision. L’objet de la présente recherche est précisément de démontrer l’existence et les contours de la réalité intersubjective et des résonances mutuelles qui prennent place au cours de séances de thérapie et de supervision. La présente étude explorera donc plus finement, en tenant compte du discours et des associations intérieures des protagonistes, les processus intersubjectifs et les résonances qui s’opèrent entre le client, le thérapeute et le superviseur. Bien que le savoir clinique reconnaisse aujourd’hui que l’intersubjectivité opère en thérapie et en supervision, les recherches empiriques sur les processus et les formes que prennent les mouvements d’intersubjectivité et de résonances qui se produisent à l’occasion de ces interactions, sont limitées. Car si la valeur intersubjective de la psychothérapie et de la supervision est aujourd’hui reconnue, l’explicitation de la nature des processus intersubjectifs en jeu reste à faire. Dans cette recherche exploratoire, l’auteur suit pas à pas, à l’aide du verbatim des séances et des impressions ou échos personnels subséquents des protagonistes, le fil des interactions intersubjectives et le jeu des résonances personnelles qui s’instaurent entre un client, un thérapeute et un superviseur au fil de dix rencontres de thérapie et de supervision. La méthodologie est qualitative et l’approche, phénoménologique et inductive. Les analyses sont séquentielles et portent sur deux niveau : un niveau macroscopique visant à faire ressortir les mouvements intersubjectifs et un niveau microscopique visant à faire émerger le sens et la nature des résonances. Il en ressort que le jeu des influences mutuelles et bidirectionnelles est présent tout au long du processus de thérapie et de supervision. À partir de ce constat, des commentaires sont émis au sujet des interinfluences qui prennent place tout au long des processus de thérapie et de supervision.

This thesis explores mental health nurses’ and midwives’ experiences of supervision. The thesis aims to create a partial and situated understanding of the numerous factors which contribute to practitioners’ experiences of supervision. In particular the thesis investigates the disciplinary context within which supervision takes place, moving from the experiences of individual practitioners to compare and contrast supervision within two distinct professional disciplines which have common areas of interest. Existing research on the topic of supervision in mental health nursing and midwifery tends to reify the concept of supervision. Supervision is assumed to be beneficial, and there is a focus on investigating the effects of supervision without an accompanying understanding of why, how, where and by whom supervision is done. In this thesis, ‘supervision’ is critically conceptualised as indicating a cluster of context-specific practices, and the investigation of supervision is located with the practitioner’s understandings and experiences. The theoretical perspective of the thesis is informed by social constructionism, and ‘experience’ is conceptualised as communicated through meaning-making narratives. The experiences of the study participants were accessed through the collection of data in the form of narratives. Sixteen participants were recruited, comprising eight mental health nurses and eight midwives. Each participant was interviewed once, using a semi-structured interview format. The analysis was influenced by the theories of Gee (1991), Bruner (1986) and Ricoeur (1983/1984), and employed a narrative approach in which the unique meaning-making qualities of narrative were used to interpret the data. The analysis paid close attention to the process of fragmentation and configuration of the data, and produced four composite stories which presented the findings in a holistic and contextualised form. Two themes were identified from the findings: Supervision and Emotions, and Supervision and The Profession, and these were discussed in the light of the two professional contexts explored, and with reference to supervision as an exercise of power. The theme of Emotions recognises the integral role played by emotions in both clinical practice and supervision, and conceptualises supervision and the organisational context as emotional ecologies. Supervision can be constructed as a special emotional ecology with its own feeling rules, and this can both benefit and harm the practitioner. The theme of The Profession responds to the importance of the professional context of supervision practices, and the role of discourses about professional identity and status in determining how supervision is done and with what aim. Comparing supervision practices within two different disciplinary contexts enabled this thesis to challenge tropes about supervision. Supervision cannot be assumed to be either ‘good’ or ‘punitive’, and practices are constructed in the light of particular aims and expectations. This thesis also makes the methodological argument that research into supervision must be politicised and theorised and accommodate contextualised complexity. To simplify or decontextualise the exploration of supervision is to lose the details of practice which make supervision what it is. Supervision is a complex process, enmeshed in its context, and may be constructed to serve different purposes.