• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 126
  • 37
  • 19
  • 14
  • 9
  • 8
  • 4
  • 3
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 263
  • 48
  • 47
  • 43
  • 41
  • 35
  • 30
  • 27
  • 26
  • 26
  • 26
  • 26
  • 23
  • 23
  • 22
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
171

SELF-CARE: A CLARIFICATION OF MEANING AND EXAMINATION OF SUPPORTIVE STRATEGIES

GODFREY, Christina Maria 24 September 2010 (has links)
Background Considering ~9 million Canadians have one or more chronic health conditions, and >3.3 million report some level of disability, the burden of care is substantive for individuals and health system. With such conditions, self-care is essential but may pose challenges to both individuals and providers of care. As a concept, self-care is poorly understood. Further, evidence for effective self-care support is diffuse and typically studied relative to specific conditions. Objectives To investigate the concept of self-care three objectives were undertaken: 1) explore and describe the construct of self-care as understood by individuals/families, health care professionals, researchers, policy-makers; and industry; 2) produce new knowledge for health care professionals about interventions for self-care across a range of population groups; 3) develop a provisional framework to inform practice and research. Method A multi-phase enquiry was undertaken. Phase 1 Concept clarification including: 1) synthesis of qualitative evidence on the experience of self-care reported by individuals/families; 2) content analysis and definitional study of the meaning of self-care; 3) concept analysis of self-care; 4) creation of a conceptual schema encompassing these perspectives. Phase 2 Self-care Interventions: Integrative study of systematic reviews, synthesizing evidence for self-care interventions from multiple disease/impairment groupings. Results Three modes of self-care were revealed : ‘Care of self’ self-care performed on one’s own behalf; ‘care by other’ acknowledging individuals with disabilities who guide and direct care provided by another person; and ‘care of other’- care of families and others at a community level. Analysis of 30 self-care interventions across 16 conditions demonstrated that educational sessions and self-care management plans are emerging as effective strategies to support and guide self-care. Conclusion Self-care is a complex care concept that is becoming an expected element in today’s health care environment. A full understanding of how it is viewed, including the individual’s perspective, is vital for enactment and beneficial support. This comprehensive understanding of the concept along with evidence for effective interventions drawn from multiple groups will assist health care professionals to improve their assessments and provide them with strategies to support self-care needs –ultimately, contributing to enabling individuals to maintain their highest level of functioning. / Thesis (Ph.D, Rehabilitation Science) -- Queen's University, 2010-09-24 09:33:03.17
172

Testing the benefits of on-street and off-street rapid transit alignments: implications for Winnipeg's Southwest Rapid Transit Corridor

Baker, Christopher 15 October 2010 (has links)
With the uncertainty of future energy supplies and the impacts of global warming, rapid transit is becoming increasingly important as part of the transportation mix in North American cities. The conventional choice for rapid transit alignments are off-street corridors such as rail and highway right-of-ways. More recently, cities are locating rapid transit projects along arterial street right-of-ways, to influence more transit-supportive development rather than low-density, single use environments common throughout North America. Promoting transit alignments that provide the best opportunity for this type of development, known as development-oriented transit, is essential for influencing a change in urban transportation habits and building more resilient cities. This research analyzes the benefits of these alignments by studying the Euclid Corridor Transportation Project and Red Line in Cleveland, and the Central Corridor and Hiawatha Line in Minneapolis/St. Paul. Visiting these cities and interviewing professionals associated with the projects revealed the benefits of on-street rapid transit by comparing ridership, development potential, placemaking, travel time and safety of both on-street and off-street rapid transit. On-street rapid transit provides the best opportunity for a long-term vision for city building through the creation of dense, mixed-use transit-oriented corridors where people can live, work, recreate, access services and shop. Results and potential implications were presented to professionals in Winnipeg associated with the Southwest Rapid Transit Corridor (SWRTC). The goal was to understand the implications of the findings for the SWRTC and if on-street rapid transit would work along Pembina Highway. Respondents disagreed that an on-street solution was appropriate, which revealed contradictions between the findings from key informant interviews and literature reviewed versus focus group responses. The SWRTC is designed as a flexible route network system that will allow mixed traffic buses to pick up riders in their neighbourhoods and use the dedicated busway to bypass north-south traffic congestion. This plan is focused on minimizing travel time for a suburban to downtown commute, rather than development potential. This research has found that rapid transit alignments should be focused on transit supportive development and providing direct access to places people need to go on a daily basis. On-street rapid transit provides the best opportunity to do so.
173

Testing the benefits of on-street and off-street rapid transit alignments: implications for Winnipeg's Southwest Rapid Transit Corridor

Baker, Christopher 15 October 2010 (has links)
With the uncertainty of future energy supplies and the impacts of global warming, rapid transit is becoming increasingly important as part of the transportation mix in North American cities. The conventional choice for rapid transit alignments are off-street corridors such as rail and highway right-of-ways. More recently, cities are locating rapid transit projects along arterial street right-of-ways, to influence more transit-supportive development rather than low-density, single use environments common throughout North America. Promoting transit alignments that provide the best opportunity for this type of development, known as development-oriented transit, is essential for influencing a change in urban transportation habits and building more resilient cities. This research analyzes the benefits of these alignments by studying the Euclid Corridor Transportation Project and Red Line in Cleveland, and the Central Corridor and Hiawatha Line in Minneapolis/St. Paul. Visiting these cities and interviewing professionals associated with the projects revealed the benefits of on-street rapid transit by comparing ridership, development potential, placemaking, travel time and safety of both on-street and off-street rapid transit. On-street rapid transit provides the best opportunity for a long-term vision for city building through the creation of dense, mixed-use transit-oriented corridors where people can live, work, recreate, access services and shop. Results and potential implications were presented to professionals in Winnipeg associated with the Southwest Rapid Transit Corridor (SWRTC). The goal was to understand the implications of the findings for the SWRTC and if on-street rapid transit would work along Pembina Highway. Respondents disagreed that an on-street solution was appropriate, which revealed contradictions between the findings from key informant interviews and literature reviewed versus focus group responses. The SWRTC is designed as a flexible route network system that will allow mixed traffic buses to pick up riders in their neighbourhoods and use the dedicated busway to bypass north-south traffic congestion. This plan is focused on minimizing travel time for a suburban to downtown commute, rather than development potential. This research has found that rapid transit alignments should be focused on transit supportive development and providing direct access to places people need to go on a daily basis. On-street rapid transit provides the best opportunity to do so.
174

時間與空間的另類喘息:家庭照顧者使用支持性方案之經驗 / Alternative Respite in Time and Space: Caregivers' Experience in Using Supportive Programs

蔡曉欣, Tsai, Hsiao Hsin Unknown Date (has links)
家庭照顧者的照顧負荷沉重,其多表達有支持性服務的需要,故針對家庭照顧者使用支持性方案之經驗,頗值得研究加以探討。本研究目的為瞭解家庭照顧者使用支持性方案的情形為何,進而探索使用服務期間從事活動的經驗,剖析家庭照顧者在使用支持性服務期間重新回復能量之過程。 本文採質性研究法,以深度訪談法蒐集資料,訪談樣本來自台灣失智症協會,共有4位失智症照顧者接受訪談。主要研究結果如下﹕ 1.家屬使用「各項家庭照顧者支持性方案」的情形,以瑞智學堂、瑞智互助家庭、家屬聯誼會為例,進而比較上述三項服務方案之異同:(1)學堂到互助家庭,家屬「聚在一起」和「舒緩的時間」更多;家屬更懂得「釋放關心」。(2)從學堂到家屬聯誼會:「家屬未經組織的團體聚會」到「成為團體成員後的聚會」。(3)服務對象與受惠對象方面,學堂服務對象以「失智長者為主,長者受惠較多」;互助家庭以「長者和家屬為主,家屬受惠較多」;家屬聯誼會以「家屬為主,家屬受惠較多」;但其實「長者與家屬之間具有相互性」,家屬獲益之後,更能以健康的身心靈來提供長者的照顧,相對的,長者的功能得以維持或減緩退化,亦有益於家屬提供照顧。 2.家屬的需求與動力是推動支持性方案重要的推展,從學堂到互助家庭的歷程,家屬與長者有三個階段的活動經驗,包含麻將班、烹飪班以及樂樂班,其顯示家屬有時間、空間以及活動參與的需求。 3.家屬使用服務期間從事活動獲得「心理喘息」的要素,可就休閒與休息、自我效能感、團體的歸屬感、採取行動的層面進行分析,分別為(1)休閒與休息:「才能展現」、「享受說話」以及提升生活「滿意感」;(2)自我效能感:「學習」、「突破」、「成就感」的過程,增進自我效能感;(3)團體的「歸屬感」,以及(4)社會貢獻的使命和生命的「意義感」,可見家屬由照顧者蛻變成助人者的軌跡。 / The caregivers in families carry a heavy responsibility, and many of them express the need for supportive services. As such, their experience in using supportive programs warrants further study and examination. In this study, we aim to first understand how such programs are being used. Next, we examine the restorative process in which caregivers use such services to gain respite. This study used the qualitative research approach, and collected data from Taiwan Alzheimer's Disease Association and included semi-structured in-depth interviews with four caregivers of the elderly with dementia. The research findings were listed below: 1.We studied the following three supportive programs and analyzed their similarities and differences: the School of Wisdom, the Family of Wisdom, and the Family Club. (1) As the group progresses from the School of Wisdom to the Family of Wisdom, family members have more and more time to spend together and respite time; they also tend to show more care for others. (2) As the group progresses from the School of Wisdom to the Family Club, unorganized group gatherings evolve into organized gatherings for members of the group. (3) The target participants for the School, the Family and the Club are, respectively, senile seniors, seniors and their families, and families; the beneficiaries of the programs are seniors, families, and families. However, there is also an interrelation between seniors and their families: families who benefit from improved mental, physical and spiritual health are better able to care for their seniors. Vice versa, it is easier for families to care for seniors who are able to maintain or mitigate the degeneration of their daily functions. 2.The needs and motivations of families are pivotal drivers for supportive programs. Throughout the evolution from the "School" to the "Family", families and seniors go through three stages of participation in activities, namely, mahjong classes, cooking classes and hobby classes. The progress reveals the families' need for respite time and space and their levels of participation. 3.Families enjoy a restorative mental break by participating in activities. We analyzed the key elements of this mental break: leisure and rest, self-efficacy, belongingness, and level of participation. (1) Leisure and rest: display of talent, enjoyment of talking, and enhanced satisfaction toward life. (2) Self-efficacy: enhanced self-efficacy through the process of learning, breakthrough and sense of achievement. (3) Belongingness: the sense of belonging to a group. (4) Level of participation: the sense of mission to contribute to the society and meaning of life demonstrated by the families show an evolution from being the caregiver to the one who helps others.
175

Ability beliefs, achievement goals and intrinsic motivation in physical education

Wang, C. K. John January 2001 (has links)
This thesis examined the relationships of the conceptions of sport ability, achievement goals, and intrinsic motivation in Physical Education. Studies 1 and 2 investigated the psychometric properties of the Conceptions of the Nature of Athletic Ability Questionnaire (CNAAQ), a measure of sport ability beliefs. Results showed that the revised version of the scale possesses sound psychometric properties in assessing sport ability beliefs among children and youth. In addition, the relationships between ability beliefs, goal orientations, perceived competence, and behavioural indicators (intentions and amotivation) were also examined in the first two studies. An incremental belief predicted task orientation, whereas an entity belief predicted ego orientation. Intentions to be physically active were predicted by goal orientations indirectly through perceived competence, and directly by task orientation. In addition, amotivation was predicted directly and indirectly by ability beliefs and directly by achievement goals. Specifically, entity beliefs directly predicted amotivation, task orientation negatively predicted amotivation. Study 3 examined the interrelationships between ability beliefs, achievement goals, perceived competence, behavioural regulation, and arnotivation using cluster analysis. Five distinct clusters were identified based on these motivational constructs and these profiles were found to be related to perceived physical self-worth and levels of sport participation. Study 4 experimentally manipulated sport ability beliefs and examined their causal influence on achievement goals and motivation patterns when faced with failure. The causal link between ability beliefs and goals was supported. Ability attributions for failure were stronger for entity theorists compared to incremental theorists. However, hypotheses predicting differences on effort attributions, affective reactions, and behavioural markers were not supported. Study 5 examined the effects of goal involvement on enjoyment and intrinsic motivation under positive feedback. The results suggested that task-involved and ego-involved participants did not differ in self-reported enjoyment and free-choice behaviour measure. However, the free-choice behaviour of the ego-involved participants may not be fully intrinsically motivated. In addition, autonomous communication increased the positive effects of task and ego involvement on intrinsic motivation and enjoyment, whereas controlling communication had an undermining effect. Overall, results show that high incremental beliefs and high task orientation facilitate adaptive motivational patterns. Autonomy-supportive contexts also enhanced students' task motivation compared to controlling contexts.
176

HRM as a motivator to share knowledge : The importance of seeing the whole picture

Pääkkö, Yasmina, Samuelsson, Kristine January 2018 (has links)
Connecting Human Resource Management (HRM) and knowledge transfer through motivation is a new research area. Out of the few existing studies there is a predominance of quantitative studies, which are showing inconclusive results. As a response, this study uses a qualitative micro perspective to investigate how HRM practises influence intrinsic- and extrinsic motivation to share knowledge. It is important to divide motivation into intrinsic and extrinsic, as it impacts knowledge sharing differently. Former studies have identified a need to study the whole HRM system, therefore, to capture differences in motivation among employees exposed to the same system, this thesis takes on a single case study approach. Qualitative interviews were held with employees at an MNC that relies on knowledge intensive activities. The findings showed that employees were motivated intrinsically through career development and extrinsically by the performance management system. The supportive climate showed to influence motivation to share knowledge, both directly and indirectly. Job design was shown to work well in combination with other practises. Finally, a key finding was the importance of having an aligned HRM system.
177

Alinhamento estratégico entre o negócio e a tecnologia da informação em instituições federais de ensino superior / Strategic alignment between business and information technology in federal institutions of higher education

Fialho, Camila Borges 20 June 2012 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / After the emergence of Information Technology (IT) in the mid-twentieth century, became noted the dependency relationship established between the use of Information Systems (IS) and work processes. Through this thinking, it is essential to search for the alignment between information technology and organizational strategic plans, in order to obtain results which provide entrepreneurial success. Strategic alignment refers to the application of IT in the right way, at the right time and in harmony with business strategies (Luftman, BRIER, 1999). Promote the alignment of business strategies with IT has been studied by many works. However, there still exists in organizations, especially in Brazil, a difficulty in seeing the improvements that IT can provide for competitiveness of enterprises (Affeldt and Vanti, 2007). In this context of constant innovation, the objective of this study was established to check the supportive resources in alignment between Business and Information Technology in the Federal Institutions of Higher Education (IFES). In this sense, we performed a descriptive qualitative in nature through the application of interviews with managers of the areas of Planning and Information Technology of three Federal Universities of Rio Grande do Sul Therefore, it was used as an indicator of the research model Strategic Alignment of Rao (2002) which provides supportive resources for strategic alignment, as well as his instrument of data collection, which gave rise to the interview protocol of this research. In short, according to the objective of identifying the key features supportive of alignment between business and IT can be diagnosed in a general way that the resources People or Human Resources and Information Technology are the main responsible for the success of communication in strategic alignment Federal Institutions of Higher Education in Rio Grande do Sul These results guide the understanding of the strategic alignment may be related to maturity of the institutions, since the oldest institution showed the best results and establishing younger, less consistent results. According to Luftman (2003) strategic alignment is difficult to obtain and more difficult to maintain. Thus, the challenge of these institutions is to keep the positive aspects, features supporters of this alignment and increase the resources vacant. / A partir do surgimento da Tecnologia de Informação (TI) na metade do século XX, tornou-se notável a relação de dependência que se estabeleceu entre o uso de Sistemas de Informação (SI) e processos de trabalho. Através deste pensamento, torna-se fundamental a busca pelo alinhamento entre a Tecnologia da Informação e os planos estratégicos organizacionais, visando a obtenção de resultados que facultem o sucesso empresarial. O alinhamento estratégico refere-se à aplicação da TI do modo correto, no tempo correto e em harmonia com as estratégias de negócios (LUFTMAN; BRIER, 1999). Promover o alinhamento das estratégias de negócio com a TI tem sido objeto de estudo de muitos trabalhos. No entanto, ainda existe nas organizações, sobretudo no Brasil, uma dificuldade em perceber as melhorias que a TI pode proporcionar para a competitividade das empresas (AFFELDT e VANTI, 2007). Diante desse cenário de inovações constantes, o objetivo deste estudo firmou-se em verificar os recursos sustentadores no alinhamento entre o Negócio e a Tecnologia de Informação em Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES). Neste sentido, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva de natureza qualitativa por meio da aplicação de entrevistas com os gestores das áreas de Planejamento e Tecnologia da Informação de três Universidades Federais do Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, foi utilizado como balizador da pesquisa o modelo de Alinhamento Estratégico de Rezende (2002) o qual apresenta recursos sustentadores para o alinhamento estratégico, bem como seu instrumento de coleta de dados, o qual deu origem ao protocolo de entrevista desta pesquisa. Em suma, de acordo com o objetivo de identificar os principais recursos sustentadores do alinhamento entre o Negócio e a TI pode-se diagnosticar de forma geral que os recursos Pessoas ou Recursos Humanos e Tecnologia da Informação são os maiores responsáveis pelo sucesso do alinhamento estratégico comunicacional nas Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior no Rio Grande do Sul. Tais resultados direcionam a compreensão de que o alinhamento estratégico pode estar relacionado à maturidade das instituições, uma vez que a instituição mais antiga apresentou melhores resultados e a instituição mais jovem, resultados menos consistentes. De acordo com Luftman (2003) o alinhamento estratégico é algo difícil de obter e mais difícil de manter. Sendo assim, o desafio destas instituições é manter os aspectos positivos, os recursos sustentadores deste alinhamento e potencializar os recursos vacantes.
178

Apicultura e fundos rotativos solidários: possibilidades em direção ao desenvolvimento territorial sustentável?

Silva, Misael Gomes da 19 May 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-03-08T13:00:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2381647 bytes, checksum: 5c5a8399cf75b3d0925d88c42464102d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-08T13:00:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2381647 bytes, checksum: 5c5a8399cf75b3d0925d88c42464102d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Beekeeping has been used as means of increasing income for farmers in Zone of the South Forest of Paraíba State. This activity was financially supported by the Support Program (PAPPS) Revolving Fund Supportive, funded by the Ministry of Labour and Employment (MTE), too by the SENAES, as well as Bank of Northeast of Brazil (BNB), a policy of solidarity finance the "repayable", where the beekeeper gets the fund and has as fundamental element the investmentin beekeeping. The central objective of this study is to investigate possibilities for sustainable development of the territory with beekeeping that receives public funds. The research methodology is qualitative, based on field research in locus observations, in-depth interviews among more precisely between Settlements Tambaba and Nova Vida. With the arrival of the Revolving Fund Supportive, this activity had rise and, in this perspective we had as its central objective to verify possibilities of local territorial sustainable development from beekeeping as an alternative income producing, through this public policy. The cooperative of beekeepers of Paraíba - COOAP received this fund and invested among beekeepers, this fund, called "repayable" is not refunded to the bank, but needs to be redistributed among beekeepers / A apicultura tem sido utilizada como meio de incremento de renda para os agricultores da Zona da Mata Sul do Estado da Paraíba. Esta atividade recebeu apoio financeiro mediante o Programa de Apoio a Projetos Produtivos Solidários (PAPPS) mediante Fundos Rotativos Solidários, financiado pelo Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE), também pela SENAES, assim como Banco do Nordeste do Brasil (BNB), uma política de finanças solidárias a “fundo perdido”, em que o apicultor recebe o fundo e tem como elemento fundamental o investimento na atividade apícola. O objetivo central deste estudo é investigar possibilidades de desenvolvimento sustentável do território com a apicultura que recebe recursos públicos. A metodologia da pesquisa é qualitativa, baseada na pesquisa de campo, observações in loco e entrevistas em profundidade, mais precisamente entre os Assentamentos Tambaba e Nova Vida. Com a chegada do Fundo Rotativo Solidário, essa atividade teve sua ascensão e, nesta perspectiva, tivemos como objetivo central verificar possibilidades de desenvolvimento sustentável territorial local a partir da apicultura como alternativa de produção de renda, através dessa política pública. A Cooperativa de Apicultores da Paraíba (COOAP), recebeu esse fundo e investiu entre os apicultores - fundo esse, chamado de “fundo perdido” porque não é restituído ao banco, mas precisa ser redistribuído entre os apicultores.
179

Argentinean validation of the Rape Supportive Attitude Scale / Validación argentina de la Escala de Actitud Favorable hacia la Violación / Validação Argentina da Escala de Atitudes Favoráveis ao Estupro

Alladio, Yanina, Morán, Valeria, Olaz, Fabián 25 September 2017 (has links)
The tolerant attitudes towards sexual violence against women constitute an important risk factor that should be considered to explain this type of aggressive behavior. One of the instruments that evaluates these attitudes is the Rape Supportive Attitude Scale (RSAS) developed by Lottes. The results of different psychometric studies have demonstrated good indexes of reliability and validity in American, Spanish and Salvadorian university students. The purpose of the study was to explore the psychometric properties of the RSAS in Argen­ tinean university students. We provide evidence of content validity through expert ratings, process validity through cognitive debriefing interviews, and evidence of internal structure through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, the internal consistency of the scale was estimated and an analysis of contrasting groups in relation to gender was con­ ducted. The results allow us to infer that the RSAS scale is a valid and reliable tool to assess rape supportive attitudes in Argentinean university students. / Las actitudes tolerantes hacia la violencia sexual ejercida contra las mujeres constituyen un factor de riesgo importante a considerar en la explicación de este tipo de conductas. Uno de los instrumentos para evaluar estas actitudes es la Escala de Actitud Favorable hacia la Violación (EAFV) de Lottes, la que ha mostrado fiabilidad y validez en muestras de estu­ diantes universitarios estadounidenses, españoles y salvadoreños. El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento en estudiantes universitarios argentinos. Se aportó evidencia de contenido mediante juicio de expertos, evidencia de pro­ ceso de respuesta por medio de entrevistas de cognitive debriefing y evidencia de estructura interna a partir del análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Finalmente, se estimó la consistencia interna de la escala y se realizó un análisis de grupos contrastados en relación al género. Los resultados obtenidos permiten inferir que la escala EAFV es un instrumento válido y confiable para evaluar actitudes favorables hacia conductas de violación en univer­ sitarios argentinos. / As atitudes tolerantes em relação à violência sexual contra as mulheres constituem um importante fator de risco a ser considerado para explicar esse tipo de conduta. Um dos instrumentos para avaliar esses comportamentos é o Questionário de Atitudes Favoráveis em Relação ao Estupro (QAFRE) de Lottes, que tem demonstrado confiabilidade e validez em amostras de estudantes universitários estadounidenses, espanhóis e salvadorenhos. O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar as propriedades psicométricas do questionário em estu­ dantes universitários argentinos. Evidencia sobre a validez do conteúdo foi fornecida através da avaliação de juízes expertos, a validez sobre o processo de resposta foi fornecida através de entrevistas de debriefing cognitivo ea validez de estrutura interna foi fornecida através das analises fatoriais exploratório e confirmatório. Finalmente, a consistência interna do questionário foi estimada e uma análise contrastando grupos em relação ao gênero foi feita. Os resultados obtidos permitem inferir que o questionário é válido e confiável para avaliar atitudes favoráveis em relação ao estupro em estudantes universitários argentinos.
180

Interactive demand-shifting in the context of domestic micro-generation / Déplacement interactif de la consommation d'électricité dans le contexte de micro-génération domestique

Bourgeois, Jacky 30 June 2016 (has links)
La combinaison de l'internet des objets et des nouvelles technologies liées à l'énergie transforme le paysage de l'énergie dans la maison. Les installations de micro générateurs, dominées par les panneaux solaires photovoltaïques, sont en constante progression. C'est une opportunité pour la création et l'altération des comportements énergétiques. Cependant, ces transformations créent également un nouveau challenge que l'on appelle le « différentiel énergétique » à l'échelle de la maison : la consommation et la génération d'électricité des ménages sont désynchronisées. En effet, la génération locale est majoritairement incontrôlable et dépendante des conditions météorologiques alors que la consommation des ménages à tendance à se concentrer en soirée. Cette thèse vise à comprendre et supporter les pratiques de déplacement des consommations émergentes dans les ménages équipés de panneaux solaires photovoltaïques. En particulier, nous observons « Comment les outils numériques peuvent-ils tirer parti des pratiques de déplacement des consommations dans le contexte de micro génération domestique ? ». Pour adresser cette question nous avons combiné des approches empiriques et d'ingénierie, se renforçant et s'informant mutuellement les unes et les autres pour fournir une solution générale. Cela inclut la collection de données qualitatives et quantitatives, des analyses en collaboration avec les participants, des études longitudinales, des interviews, du co-design, des simulations et des tests en condition réelles. Tout au long de cette thèse, nous avons utilisé une méthodologie centrée sur l'utilisateur à chaque étape pour informer et valider la recherche en collaboration avec 38 ménages. A travers une investigation approfondi des routines telles que faire la lessive et se déplacer en voiture électrique, nous soulignons l'engagement naturel des ménages pour le déplacement des consommations. Cependant, cette activité se révèle complexe et fastidieuse. Nous révélons cette complexité à l'aide d'une analyse de donnée participative, une méthode élaborée afin d'analyser les données en collaboration avec les participants. Nous construisons une compréhension détaillée de la relation entre la génération d'électricité domestique et les routines du quotidien. Enfin, nous soulignons le besoin d'un support contextuel à travers le déploiement d'interventions sur le terrain. En perspective de la littérature, nous proposons un modèle conceptuel pour le support interactif de déplacement des consommations. / The combination of ubiquitous computing and emerging energy technologies is radically changing the home energy landscape. Domestic micro-generation, dominated by solar photovoltaic, is increasing at a rapid pace. This represents an opportunity for creating and altering energy behaviours. However, these transformations generate new challenges that we call the domestic energy gap: domestic electricity consumption and micro-generation are out of sync. Micro-generation is mainly uncontrollable production relying on weather while domestic energy consumption tends to happen mostly during the evening. This thesis focuses on understanding and supporting new domestic practices in the context of domestic solar electricity generation, looking at ‘Demand-Shifting’. Specifically, we look at how can digital tools leverage Demand-Shifting practices in the context of domestic micro-generation? Relying on a mixed-method approach, we provide a qualitative and quantitative answer with the collaboration of 38 participating households in several field studies including two spanning more than eight months. Through a deep investigation of laundry and electric mobility routines in the context of domestic micro-generation, we emphasised a natural engagement into Demand-Shifting which appeared as a complex and time-consuming task for participants which was not visible when we analysed their quantitative data. We revealed this complexity through Participatory Data Analyses, a method we designed to analyse the data in collaboration with the participating householders. This provided us with a comprehensive view of the relationship between domestic micro-generation and daily routines. Finally, we highlight the need for timely and contextual support through the deployment of interventions in-the-wild. Building on discussions of our findings in perspective of the literature, we propose a conceptual framework to support domestic interactive Demand-Shifting (iDS).

Page generated in 0.4672 seconds