The gasoline prices have risen over $130 USD per barrel since the first time oil crisis occurred in 1973. The shortages of the natural resources cause not only the prices of raw material getting higher but also hard to get. The cost of the production and marketing increased tremendously. At the present time all enterprises focus on how to get the raw material they need on producing. According to the data currently issued by U.S. Census Bureau, among the manufacturing industries, the proportion of the purchase amounts of raw material, parts, and equipments to the total cost was over 50%. The processes of the procurement are complicated and long procedures. To simplify the procurement process and save the purchasing costs become the major topics that an enterprise has to face. Unfortunately, we are lacking a set of integral model for procurement management at present. The model of system architecture is simple and concise. It describes and represents all the viewpoints simultaneously. We use to construct the mold of architecture-oriented procurement management for the references of the enterprises procurement management. This research adopting the logic approach, based on system architecture, complements with Architecture Description Language as a tool to derive the Architecture-Oriented Procurement Management Model (AOPMM). AOPMM is an integrated model of the service and interaction of all structure elements, using Six Golden Rule to express explicitly the inner knowledge. And it can be used as graphic job specifications. To face the speedily changing environment of management, AOPMM helps managers more flexible and quick to adjust the relationship inwards and outwards, to sufficiently control the resources and exchange the ideas as to make the functions of procurement management easily to appear. The results of this research can be used as the references for the enterprises procurement model in the future, to improve the efficiency of the procurement management and decision making, reduce purchasing costs, and create the higher strategic values.

Steel structure enterprises, belonging to domestic-oriented industry, are capital intensive and skill intensive as well. The ability of huge fund deployment and excellent project management is the key for such kind of enterprises to survive in the competitive environment due to the low entry barrier and little profit margin. The cost of the material accounts for the most, usually the greatest proportion of the total contract, in an entire steel structure project. Therefore, the profit in general depends heavily on the quality of material management. In this thesis, we propose Architecture Oriented Steel Structure Material Scheduling Model (AOSSMSM), to capture the current material inventory, reduce the remaining stock, improve the circulation and substitutability, and increase the profit. AOSSMSM constructs system architecture which includes enterprise architecture and software architecture, therefore highlights material¡¦s service and interaction among culture value chain in enterprise and integrates with information application system. By duplication and expansion characteristics of system architecture, AOSSMSM can be replicated effortlessly by other steel structure companies, or bridged to other models to create a new operational formation.

Hot-rolled steel products occupy a key position, between upstream and downstream, in the steel industry chain. In this country, revenue of hot-rolled strip steel products maintains the greatest proportion among all steel products. Continuous pursuit of knowledge progress and growth plays a significant support to sustainable enterprises and gives them a vigorous operational strength in the face of international competition. During the hot strip steel manufacturing process, as the second-level standard of the computer integrated manufacturing system in a steel plant describes, in addition to those needed information related with real-time electronic control equipment dealt by process control computers, how does hot strip mill statistical process computer, abbreviated HSMSPC, utilize statistical analysis and information processing also challenges the future competitiveness. This research engages in a genuine hot strip mill statistical process computer system developed by a well-known steel corporation located in Taiwan, adopting structure behavior coalescence, abbreviated as SBC, six golden rules to build up the architecture-oriented hot strip mill statistical process computer model, abbreviated as AOHSMSPCM. AOHSMSPCM shall construct a hot strip mill statistical process computer system in an architecture-oriented way so that it is able to fully express the operational act and information extraction which cover system structures and system behaviors as well; subsequently, the hot strip mill statistical process computer system will produce higher added value in the face of the production line variability, replicate update, knowledge management, and so on. AOHSMSPCM begins with the analysis layer of system architecture. In this research, system structures and system behaviors are well described in the HSMSPC analysis layer. Besides this, easy to duplicate and extension of scalability are thoroughly elaborated in this research. Finally, this research comes up with "Strengthening the variability control of a hot strip mill", "Preserving assets of corporate knowledge" and "Upgrading process technologies of production lines" as three benefits that AOHSMSPCM contributes to the enterprise.

The electric arc furnace steelmakers produce steel across wide ranging sizes and different quality levels. The method of using electric arc for melting is an important process to produce steel from iron or scraps. The diversity of products and markets makes the steelmakers to operate within a large number of constraints of limited enterprise resources, so the electric arc furnace manufacturing system faces problems to integrate the enterprise resource planning system with the manufacturing execution system. The international automation society has come out a solution with an international standard, also known as ISA-95 aimed to help manufacturing industries such as electric arc furnace steelmakers, for the integration of enterprises and control systems. However, ISA-95 only emphasizes on the integration of enterprises and control systems, but does not provide a whole picture of the entire system. This research utilizes the tool of system architecture to develop the architecture-oriented electric arc furnace manufacturing system model, abbreviated as AOEAFMSM, to illustrate coherently the structure view and the behavior view of the electric arc furnace manufacturing system. Furthermore, AOEAFFMSM is able to fully describe many other views of the electric arc furnace manufacturing system. This capability satisfies everybody¡¦s need for capturing different views of the system. Consequentially, AOEAFFMSM simplifies the software development and reduces many communication difficulties among system developers and customers. In modeling the electric arc furnace manufacturing system model, AOEAFFMSM is superior to ISA-95.

NASA's current plans for human spaceflight include an evolutionary series of missions based on a steady increase in capability to explore cis-lunar space, the Moon, near-Earth asteroids, and eventually Mars. Although the system architecture definition has the greatest impact on the eventual performance and cost of an exploration program, selecting an optimal architecture is a difficult task due to the lack of methods to adequately explore the architecture design space and the resource-intensive nature of architecture analysis. This research presents a modeling framework to mathematically represent and analyze the space system architecture design space using graph theory. The framework enables rapid exploration of the design space without the need to limit trade options or the need for user interaction during the exploration process. The architecture design space for three missions in a notional evolutionary exploration program, which includes staging locations, vehicle implementation, and system functionality, for each mission destination is explored. Using relative net present value of various system architecture options, the design space exploration reveals that the launch vehicle selection is the primary driver in reducing cost, and other options, such as propellant type, staging location, and aggregation strategy, provide less impact.

<p>After more than two decades’ development, modern mobile cellular networks now have almost approached to the commercial level of fourth generation communication networks. For each of the mobile solutions, there are special attributes but also similarities compared to the other competitive solutions. We can also find relationships between the old generation solutions and the inheritors or innovations.</p><p>During the communicating session using any kind of existing mobile handset, the handover procedure is a very important one that may effect connection quality and also the phone call continuity. Nowadays, the mobile cellular networks have a trend to interact with LAN networks. They will co-exist and work together to support higher data rate over a wider coverage. Seamless handover proposals like Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA) can support the heterogeneous handover between Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Wireless (Wi-Fi) Network. Several Media Independent Handover (MIH) proposals can handle the vertical handover in the hybrid mobile data network environment such like between wireless local area network (WLAN) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) by different solutions.</p>

<p>In this modern world, healthcare has becoming a popular word in human life. People pay their attention on their health protection and treatment, but at the same time, they need to bear the high expenditure for their healthcare processing.</p><p>It is a serious problem that the government income can not afford the large expense in healthcare industry. Especially in some developing countries, healthcare problem has become the problem for the nation development.</p><p>We would like to choose this basic way to solve this problem directly, to provide the channel to improve the efficiency of healthcare system, Cambio COSMIC.</p><p>The aim to analysis COSMIC for my case study is to find out the conclusion that how does the architect design the system from the stakeholders requirement to achieve the success of improving the efficiency of healthcare system. And how to measure the success for the system achieving to improve the efficiency of healthcare system is still required to indicate.</p>

After more than two decades’ development, modern mobile cellular networks now have almost approached to the commercial level of fourth generation communication networks. For each of the mobile solutions, there are special attributes but also similarities compared to the other competitive solutions. We can also find relationships between the old generation solutions and the inheritors or innovations. During the communicating session using any kind of existing mobile handset, the handover procedure is a very important one that may effect connection quality and also the phone call continuity. Nowadays, the mobile cellular networks have a trend to interact with LAN networks. They will co-exist and work together to support higher data rate over a wider coverage. Seamless handover proposals like Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA) can support the heterogeneous handover between Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Wireless (Wi-Fi) Network. Several Media Independent Handover (MIH) proposals can handle the vertical handover in the hybrid mobile data network environment such like between wireless local area network (WLAN) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) by different solutions.

Šis magistro darbas yra Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto studijų informacinės sistemos projekto dalies mokslinis tyrimas, analizė ir įgyvendinimo aprašymas. Projekto metu įgyvendinama daug funkcijų. Vienos turėjo prototipus liktinėje sistemoje ir buvo papildomos naujais reikalavimais, kitos įgyvendintos pagal naujai surinktus reikalavimus. Šiame magistro baigiamajame darbe ištirta LSMUSIS studijų programos dalyko aprašo informacijos patalpinimo, apdorojimo, atvaizdavimo architektūra. Išanalizuotas faktinis dalyko aprašo posistemės naudojimas ir ryšių vienas su daug poreikis, pridedant klasifikuotą informaciją. Identifikuoti įgyvendinto modulio privalumai ir trūkumai, numatytos tolimesnės plėtros gairės. Ištirtas aprašas galėtų pasitarnauti universitetų analizės, siekiant apjungti Kaune egzistuojančius universitetus, metu. Sistemos projektavimo darbai buvo atliekami naudojant MagicDraw įrankius, programavimas atliktas naudojant VisualStudio, programuojama C# kalba, reliacinė duomenų bazė kurta SQL serveryje, tyrimai atlikti naudojant SQL užklausas bei VisualStudio įrankius. Magistro studijų metu tobulinama proceso kokybė, gilinamasi į naujausias technologijas. / This Master thesis is part of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Information System project of the research, analysis and implementation. The project implemented a number of functions. One had prototypes in residual system and was added with new requirements, while others were implemented with newly collected requirements. In this Master thesis it is explored study program’s subject description for placement the information, processing, rendering architecture. Analyzed the actual subject description of the subsystem, and the need of connections one with many, for the addition of classified information. The strengths and weaknesses of the module, further developments are identified. This study could serve in university analysis, as it is planned to combine the existing universities in Kaunas. System design work was conducted using MagicDraw tools, programming was performed using Visual Studio, programmed in C # language, a relational database was created in SQL Server, studies were carried out using SQL queries and Visual Studio tools. During Master studies process quality is improved, attention is paid to the latest technologies.

The aim of this research work is to propose a method allowing innovation integration in early design stages and supporting architecture design of complex systems that have significant implications for the rest of overall system life-cycle. Focusing on system architectures generation support, this method proposes to use Bayesian networks combined with Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) techniques in order to semi-automatically generate and evaluate complex systems architectures. Bayesian network model is used to represent the design problem in terms of decision variables, constraints and performances. Furthermore, an architecture generation algorithm is proposed to generate feasible solutions and to cluster them with regard to a given confidence level threshold. This confidence level is representing the estimation of the uncertainty on the overall system. Estimation of architecture performances are also calculated within the Bayesian network. Once the system architectures are generated, a CSP model optimises the component placement regarding placement constraints and optimisation objectives defined by designers. Software has been developed for the purpose of problem modelling and solutions visualisation. Two industrial implementations yielded in a generation of a high number of architecture solutions. In order to test the feasibility of architecture selection in an industrial environment, a study was conducted integrating four system designers. This study underlined the difficulties in defining architecture selection criteria and provides recommendations for the future system architecture selection support.