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Decades after 1602, Taiwan was an unique stage for continual showing of power struggles of various great powers. Three ancient concepts, including strategy, political order and history are precisely the main axles connecting these historical events. Each one of these domains would have significant and profound influence interweaved with others. Geographically, Taiwan is not only the center of the first island chain out of the continent, it is also located at the top of this so call ¡§Asiatic Mediterranean¡¨ triangle. The geographical location of Taiwan thus unpreventable made it revolving in the struggles among international powers. The action of a state definitely will aim at its national interest. The foreign policy of a nation would be set according to a guided rule which included the geopolitical code. To be more precise, the geopolitical code is one of the important criteria to identify national interest as well as adversary and to react against them. This research is based on three geological levels, including local level of Taiwan, regional level of Southeast Asia and the global level to analyze the geopolitics of Taiwan and to examine various powers which had ruled Taiwan in the history. In terms of the geography matters, the maritime power disposition, the geopolitics and the geo-economy are factors to shape up the destiny of Taiwan for some 400 years by different powers from the world. In the final analysis, based on a principle that political order would be changed following the changes of stratagem, it shows that the consideration and planning of foreign strategy would have great impact in the domestic political order and administrative policy. In one word, the geological location of Taiwan put it in the cross road of the ocean while geopolitical and economical factors confine Taiwan to be ruled by invasion powers for the last four hundred years.

Abstract This study investigates the distributions and controls of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in marginal seas around Taiwan. In the euphotic zone of Kuroshio Water off southeast Taiwan, the concentration of TEP generally reached a maximum in the subsurface and then decreased with depth. The maximum concentration of TEP in every station in the Kuroshio Water coincides with the subsurface maximum of chlorophyll a (Chl. a). This implied that TEP in the euphotic zone was controlled by biological rather than physical processes. Furthermore, the ratios of TEP /POC and TEP/DOC increased with Chl. a indicating that the increase of primary production may enhance DOC transformation to POC through the formation of TEP. Concentrations of TEP in the Taiwan Strait and Gaoping coastal sea decreased generally with the increase of seaward distance, showing the same pattern of nutrient distribution. Apparently, the terrestrial input of nutrient may increase phytoplankton abundance and enhance the formation of TEP. Positive correlations were significant between TEP and Chl. a, suggesting that the distribution of TEP in the euphotic zone of Taiwan Strait and Gaoping coastal sea are also controlled by biological processes. During the study period, the concentrations of nutrient and Chl. a were elevated in the surface water around the Dongsha Island in the South China Sea (SCS), due to the influence of internal wave. According to the close relation between TEP and Chl. a, concentrations of TEP around Dongsha Island were also likely controlled by phytoplankton activity, but the different strength of internal wave may lead to the different conditions of TEP, Chl. a and POC distributions. The results of factor analysis support the fact that distributions of TEP are mainly controlled by biological processes, but various physical conditions could also influence distributions of TEP in the water column. Overall, concentrations of TEP are generally higher in the Taiwan Strait and Gaoping coastal sea than in the Donshia shelf sea and Kuroshio Water off southeast Taiwan. Nevertheless, distributions of TEP are all comparable with previous findings in other coastal and marginal seas.

Abstract To investigate the reaction of hospitals in burn patient to the announcement of the coming diagnosis related groups (DRGs) payment system in 2014. The claimed data of 506 inpatients from 2009 to 2010 was used for the longitudinal analyses. The average length of stay (ALOS) and medical expenses of each burn patient were compared with the baseline data of 2009. The year effect was analyzed by the generalized estimating equation model. Comparing to the data in 2009, the average length of stay (ALOS) was increased, but medical expenses were decreased. The limitation of the scheme such as insufficient classification of case severity and hospital creep are also discussed. Medical expenses are different in different property of hospitals. Similar resource intensity is unfortunately seriously misunderstood as unified single federal rate in Taiwan. It is concluded that the coming DRGs payment system may changed hospital behavior. This change of hospital behavior may influence the quality of health care.

To comprehend the meaning of ¡§SME-MIT¡¨, this research is focus on the life experiences and entrepreneurial stories of SME-enterprisers who have engaged in manufacturing merchandise in Taiwan. In this research, I adopt Husserlian's Phenomenological perspectives to conduct a holistic analysis on these entrepreneurial stories, and try to converse with them continually with a reflection on myself. The features ¡§SME-MIT¡¨ represents in the process of entrepreneurship are: a conformation of a series of body experiences, a practical attitude about holding fast to what is good, and a family-like chemistry between long-term partners Besides, the The ¡§SME-MIT¡¨ experiences entrepreneurs are founded through a phenomenological approach in the research. They not only have encouraged the enterprisers themself to reconstruct subjectivity and return to their hometown, but also has build up unique competitive advantages of businesses for the enterprisers.

ABSTRACT Bay manufacturing advantages and the value of a condiment, is the island's geographical location, surrounded by the sea, there are year-round spring climate, clean and high environmental awareness of water quality, manufacturing technology, high-quality manufacturing process, test, and because China has a huge market, the population 1.3 billion, a number of domestic consumers, the two sides is the same culture and species, under similar cultural background, as Taiwanese are more likely to open up the mainland's domestic market, persistent efforts to carry forward the industry in Taiwan seasoning, to enter the Chinese domestic consumer market . Taiwan's creativity continues to grow, in the three-hit, no limit innovation, creative spirit and excellence a never catch up, how to make condiments into Tianjin, China, Taiwan, the retail channel market research qualitative depth interview research design methods, Castle is a Taiwanese village and MIT food industry the most red in the Chinese market, not only Shenju with quality assurance and good service for the Chinese Tianjin consumer preferences, health care will be healthy food seasonings market in Tianjin analysis, in Taiwan domestic market condiment station in Tianjin have a place to row, this research SWOT framework of STP 4P marketing mix, chain of retail outlets of market opportunities, understanding of local spices and combined with local related industries have been cultivating the Taiwan Tianjin businesses to quickly extend the concept by the business, manufacturers seeking to achieve cross-strait business cooperation, agents, distributors, changing the mainland lifestyle Taiwan, Taiwan is an opportunity for companies manufacturing spices, ECFA in June 2010 after the signing of but also through the Taiwan External Trade Association and the Tianjin Municipal Government in July 2010 the first exhibition in Tianjin famous Taiwan. Through depth interviews are related to transfer goods in Tianjin market access material manufacturers to make more appropriate future course of business marketing strategy, marketing strategy to promote better cross the marketing of the relevant industry, economic and trade exchanges, I hope the Taiwanese manufacturers continued stability of the family income, Cultivating Taiwan value and enhance the international competitiveness of Taiwan's operators hope to bring the best time opportunities. The Tianjin bring more healthy and delicious spices, creating win-win situation, and therefore people in the right place together with the collection of funds, personnel, technology, small and medium enterprises in Taiwan to fight for business resilience and perseverance, Taiwan based China, another cause of suffering praise carbon road heights.

In order to understand tidal circulation and oceanic current for the seas around Taiwan, this study use a baroclinic unstructured grid model to build a high resolution model. This model use semi-implicit method to solve the dynamic of ocean movement and larger time step can be used to calculate. Unstructured grid can be used to resolve complex coastline and variation of depth. TaiDBMv6 depth data were chosen to describe the depth distribution and grid mesh size were determined by local depth, minimum mesh size is about 0.75 minutes, and maximum 13 minutes. Tidal boundaries use 8 constituents derived from FES2004 and calibrated with 34 tide station records. Data of 2009 were used to evaluate the model results. The average of all station root mean square error was 10.1 cm. Station at east side of Taiwan have smaller errors, which almost lower than 5 cm. The maximum error can be found inside Taiwan Strait, about 25cm, mainly caused by lack of depth data near the coastal area. For oceanic current model, GFS and NFS-MC CWB wind forecast were used as meteorology input. Initial fields and boundary condition are derived from HYCOM results. Nudging of salinity and temperature also were used to stabilize the model. Transport of Kuroshio of 2009 is about 17.0¡Ó3.2Sv. Maximum value is about 28.6Sv, occurred in summer. Minimum value is about 8.3Sv, occurred in winter.

15 years has passed since the term ¡§e-learning¡¨ was initially proposed by noted American e-learning specialist, Jay Cross in 1998. With rapid transition in science and technology, e-learning has vigorously developed both in Taiwan and abroad and continuously innovated in applied area. Public sector, private enterprises or academy have invested enormous resources in developing e-learning, aiming to strengthen the power of e-learning and its unique characteristic which enable learners to access to the learning materials they need without limits of time, place and district, meaning anytime and anywhere. Through e-learning, the enterprises can comprehensively divert the professional technique and knowledge inside employees¡¦ mind into enterprises¡¦ property, in order to achieve goal of sustainably preserving valuable knowledge and accordingly enhance enterprises¡¦ competitiveness. Even when over half of large enterprises have utilized e-learning system, many obstacles still exist in the process of introducing it. According to ¡§Up-dated Survey and Analysis on Key Industries that Introduce E-learning¡¨ made by Industrial Bureau of Ministry of Economic Affairs in 2006, the major learning obstacles and difficulties emerge from certain factors, including employees¡¦ low acceptance (27.9%), unable to evaluate training and learning results (26.2%), insufficient digitalization in the company (24.5%), lack of budgets (23%) and lack of long-term program on introducing the system (20.5%) and etc. All these factors indicate no guarantee of enterprises¡¦ success on this matter. This research utilizes case-study as research method, interviewing significantly large scale enterprise, the CPC Corporation Taiwan as to find out what practical measures it took and process it went through to introduce e-learning system and maintain development. The research results demonstrate that: 1.Positive outcomes result from enterprises which introduce e-learning to preserve professional technique and knowledge inside the company and provide multi-learning ways for employees. 2.At the beginning of introducing e-learning, the keys to develop e-learning are acquiring internal top-down supports, planning and implementing the project by specific unit, and welcoming various resources to form learning culture in the enterprises. 3.Only if the enterprises emphasize on internal personnel training, overcoming environmental factors that hinder e-learning development, regularly reviewing position and status of e-learning in enterprises, and programming future direction and strategies, can the enterprises continuously develop e-learning.

This study collected zooplankton and hydrographic data in the Taiwan Strait (TS) using the cruises of ¡§Fishery Research I¡¨ from January 2005 to October 2006, to investigate the seasonal and spatial distribution of planktonic pteropods associated with hydrographic conditions. In total, 29 species of pteropods belonging to 10 genera and 5 families were identified, with mean abundance of 97.14 ¡Ó 66.16 ind./100 m3. The abundances and species number of pteropods exhibited apparent seasonal changes, abundance was higher in summer and lower during winter, while species numbers was higher in fall and lower in winter. Pteropods showed higher diversity in oceanic waters than in shallower shelf waters, but the abundance showed no significant difference. The night-time abundance and species number were significantly higher than the day-time. The effect of typhoon on the abundance and species numbers of pteropods was not significant. The four predominant species found in this study area were Creseis clava, Creseis acicula, Limacina inflate and Limacina trochiformis, together they accounted for 95% of the total pteropod catch, among these, C. clava constitued 48% of the total catch. The pteropod communition was similar among seasons, but ranked differently. Different dominant species showed different seasonal distribution patterns. The distribution of pteropods showed no clear spatial difference in the TS, but higher species richness was usually observed in the southern TS. The pteropods found in this study mostly belonged to the widespread oceanic species, and the dominant species were similar to the previous studies in the South China Sea. The total abundance, species number, and species diversity index of pteropods showed significantly positive correlation with the seawater temperature, and the species number was negative correlated with salinity. Among the four predominant species, the abundance of C. clava, C. acicula, and L. trochiformis were positively correlation with seawater temperature, meanwhile, C. acicula and L. trochiformis showed significantly negative correlations with salinity. This study proposed that the abundance, species number, and species diversity of Pteropods were not obviously influenced by typhoon, instead seasonal succession of water masses and day/night change might be the important factor affecting the distribution patterns of pteropods.

Culture of oyster Crassostrea angulata in Taiwan is over hundred years, and the major cultural sites are along the west coast. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of environment and genetic inheritance to growth and reproduction through transplant experiments conducted in Taixi and Qigu during the period of June 2011 to July 2012. The shell length, shell weight and total weight increased with time, base on monthly examination on the groups of Taixi (T), TaixiQigu (T¡¦), Qigu (Q) and QiguTaixi (Q¡¦). Although group Q had the greatest shell length, shell weight and total weight, their regression slopes were significantly smaller than all other groups. The greatest relative increment of shell weight was in the first month and group T had the highest increment compared with others. The highest and lowest CI values were in groups T and Q, respectively. Sex ratio of oysters cultured in Taixi (groups T and Q¡¦) showed male-biased trend while female-biased trend was observed in Qigu (groups Q and T¡¦). In addition, the GSI values increased earlier in Taixi than in Qigu. A similar pattern in GSI variations has been observed in the native and transplanted groups. As a whole, genetic and environmental factors both had influence on oyster growth. Group Q had the lowest weight gain which might be resulted from high cultural density in Qigu. Thus, each individual obtained less amount of food than in Taixi. After a half-year culture, the reproductive cycle of transplanted oysters was similar to local groups indicated the contribution of environment is more important than genetics to oyster reproduction in later cultural stages.