La recherche sur le transport de sédiments dans les réservoirs vise principalement à optimiser la conception du réservoir dans les réseaux d’assainissement. La structure de l'écoulement, qui fait l’objet de cette recherche, représente le facteur principal de contrôle du mouvement des particules et conditionne leur dépôt. Le travail réalisé s’est basé aussi bien sur les méthodes numériques que les essais expérimentaux. La simulation numérique est traitée en utilisant trois géométries différentes, où un volume de modèle de fluide est appliqué pour le suivi de la surface libre et un modèle de phase discrète est utilisé pour calculer la trajectoire des particules, et une fonction définie par l'utilisateur basée sur la courbe de Shields est implémentée comme condition limite pour augmenter les taux de déposition simulés. Des séries d'expériences sont réalisées dans un réservoir rectangulaire avec une cavité, pour mesurer le champ de vitesses dans différentes conditions d’écoulement, et déterminer les zones de dépôts des sédiments au fond du réservoir. La comparaison entre les simulations numériques et les résultats expérimentaux montre une bonne concordance des résultats obtenus pour la prédiction des écoulements et des dépôts. L'amélioration du dépôt de particules nécessite une modification supplémentaire du modèle de suivi des particules. / The investigation on sediment transport in tanks is mainly for optimizing the design of tank in stormwater system and sewers. The flow pattern is the primary factor controlling the movement of particle. Therefore, the emphasis of this investigation is to determine the flow pattern and estimate the deposition of particle. Both computational fluid dynamics and experimental methods are applied to accomplish the research. Numerical simulation are processed by using three different geometries, where a volume of fluid model is applied for tracking the free-surface and a discrete phase model is used for calculation of particle trajectory, and an user defined function based on Shields curve is implemented to the boundary for improving the simulation on sedimentation. A series of experiments are carried out in a rectangular tank with a cavity, where velocity measurements are finished for experiments under different conditions and the sediment deposition is recorded. The comparison between numerical simulation and experimental results show better agreement in the prediction of flow, the improvement on particle deposition needs further modification in the particle tracking model.

This thesis is focused on crude oil pipeline transport for the Czech Republic. It is concentrated on the company MERO ČR, a.s., which owns and operates czech part of the Družba crude oil pipeline and whole IKL crude oil pipeline. Futher it is concentrated on operation of both pipilines and the Central Crude Oil Tank Farm in Nelahozeves. At the end of my thesis there are concidered some alternative ways of crude oil transport for czech needs.

First part of this work introduces the history of life insurance, the division of life insurance and legislation of insurance in the Czech Republic. Another part is devoted to the advantages and disadvantages of life insurance. Furthermore, life insurance is compared as protection and as saving or investment. In this context, attention "TANK" indicator. Another part of the work deals with the development of life insurance. In part that concerns the simulation of life insurance in the other life-cycle of the clients there are described three situations according to the age of the client: a 20-years old client, a 40-years old client and a 65-years old client. The conslucions of this work was to show practical examples of advantages and disadvantages of life insurance, its practical application in practice and compare in this context, term insurance and unit link insurance.

A fase de desenvolvimento é um importante fator a ser considerado em pesquisas sobre nutrição de bromélias. O hábito de vida dessas plantas pode mudar de: atmosférica (com folhas sem formar um tanque) para o com tanque ao longo do seu desenvolvimento. Algumas pesquisas mostraram que o conteúdo de nitrogênio foliar ou capacidade fotossintética são significantemente influenciados pela fase de desenvolvimento, porém não há registros de que a nutrição e o metabolismo do nitrogênio diferem entre bromélias jovens ou adultas. O objetivo principal deste projeto foi verificar se existem diferenças na dinâmica do metabolismo do nitrogênio (absorção, transporte e assimilação), decorrente da utilização de fontes de distintas (amônio, nitrato ou ureia), entre bromélias nas fases atmosférica ou adultas com tanque desenvolvido. Para tanto, plantas de Vriesea gigantea foram regadas com uma solução nutritiva que conteve 5mM de N total, disponível nas formas: 15NH4+ ou 15NO3- ou 15N-ureia. Foram feitas coletas temporais das raízes e de duas diferentes porções da folha (ápice e base) das bromélias jovens e de três regiões foliares (ápice, mediana e base) das folhas das bromélias adultas com tanque. Todas as amostras vegetais foram utilizadas na avaliação das atividades da: urease, redutase do nitrato, sintetase da glutamina e desidrogenase do glutamato; e da quantificação da abundância isotópica do 15N. Segundo os resultados, o nitrato foi considerado a fonte de nitrogênio absorvida em concentrações menores quando comparada com a ureia e o amônio pelas bromélias de ambas as fases de desenvolvimento. Entretanto, as bromélias atmosféricas mostraram ser capazes de capturar essa fonte inorgânica de nitrogênio mais eficientemente do que as bromélias com tanque, uma vez que o nitrato foi absorvido, transportado e assimilado rapidamente na 1ª hora após o fornecimento dessa fonte. Já para as bromélias adultas, a absorção do nitrato foi lenta e ocorreu, principalmente, no final do experimento (12ª e 24ª hora). O amônio e a ureia foram as fontes absorvidas em maiores concentrações tanto pelas bromélias jovens quanto pelas adultas. Entretanto, as bromélias atmosféricas foram capazes de captar e metabolizar maiores concentrações de nitrogênio proveniente do amônio, enquanto que as da fase adulta com tanque foram mais aptas a absorver e assimilar maiores concentrações de ureia em seus tecidos. A bromélia V. gigantea pode mudar a sua morfologia e fisiologia ao longo de seu desenvolvimento, tornando-se apta a captar as fontes de nitrogênio que, talvez, sejam mais abundantes em cada fase de seu desenvolvimento. A água da chuva que contém, principalmente, fontes inorgânicas de nitrogênio diluídas, pode ser o principal meio por onde as bromélias jovens captam o nitrogênio. Ao desenvolverem um tanque, as bromélias podem mudar a sua fisiologia, capturando preferencialmente fontes de nitrogênio provenientes de matéria orgânica decomposta que se acumula no interior da cisterna. As raízes das bromélias atmosféricas também mostraram cumprir um papel fundamental na nutrição dessas plantas durante a fase juvenil, pois aumentaram a capacidade de absorção e assimilação de fontes de nitrogênio. Quando as bromélias iniciam o desenvolvimento de um tanque, as bases das folhas passaram a assumir a função do sistema radicular, enquanto que as raízes, talvez, começassem a diminuir sua capacidade de captar os nutrientes do meio ambiente. Os resultados bioquímicos demonstraram que existe uma forte sincronização de todas as etapas do metabolismo do nitrogênio (absorção, transporte e assimilação) envolvendo diferentes partes do corpo das bromélias (raízes, porções foliares da base, mediana ou ápice) de ambas as fases de desenvolvimento, sugerindo que nos tecidos vegetais dessas plantas, existe uma fina regulação de todos os processos fisiológicos e metabólicos que compreendem o metabolismo do nitrogênio. Essa regulação controlada seria necessária para que as bromélias atmosféricas ou com tanque desenvolvido consigam absorver, transportar e assimilar as fontes de nitrogênio rapidamente e com grande eficiência. Para finalizar, o novo termo \"bromélia epífita jovem sem tanque\" foi sugerido para se referir à bromélia V. gigantea na fase juvenil ao invés de \"bromélia epífita atmosférica\". As raízes dessa bromélia jovem demonstraram ter um papel fundamental nos processos de absorção e assimilação das fontes de nitrogênio, uma característica que geralmente não é atribuída para as raízes das bromélias com o hábito de vida atmosférico / The stages of ontogenetic development of bromeliad can be an important feature to be considered in the physiology studies because the young plants can be classified as atmospheric bromeliads, while the adult plants have a special structure formed by leaves called tank. Some studies showed that some physiological characteristics can be influenced by the stages of ontogenetic development in bromeliads as photosynthetic taxes or the total nitrogen (N) content in leaves. However, there are no records that nutrition and nitrogen metabolism differ between young and adult epiphytic bromeliads. The objective of this project was to verify the existence of differences in the dynamics of nitrogen metabolism (absorption, transportation and assimilation) arising from the use of distinct nitrogen sources (NH4+, NO3- or urea) in epiphytic bromeliad Vriesea gigantea with different stages of ontogenetic development (atmospheric or tank). A nutrient solution, consisting 5mM of total N, was offered to bromeliads. Three different forms of N sources were used: NH4+, NO3- or urea, enriched with 15N isotopes. Three distinct portions of leaf (apex, middle and base) of adult tank bromeliad and two different regions of leaf (apex and base) and roots of young bromeliads were harvested in six different times. All samples were used in enzymatic assays of urease, nitrate reductase, glutamate sinthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase and in the 15N isotope quantification. According to the results, the nitrate was considered the nitrogen source absorbed at lower concentration by young and adult bromeliads. The atmospheric bromeliads were able to capture nitrate more efficiently than the tank plants, since this inorganic nitrogen source was absorbed and assimilated quickly in the 1st hour of the experimental time while the tank bromeliads absorbed nitrate slowly at the end of the experiment (12th and 24th hour). Ammonium and urea sources were absorbed in higher concentrations by atmospheric and tank bromeliads. The young bromeliads were able to absorb and assimilate higher concentrations of nitrogen from ammonium, while tank bromeliad absorbed and assimilated higher concentrations of urea. In each development stage, the epiphytic bromeliad V. gigantea can absorb and assimilate the nitrogen sources which are more available in the environment. The atmospheric bromeliads get to absorb diluted nutrients as inorganic nitrogen sources mainly from rainwater. After the tank structure developed in the rosette, the morphology and/or physiology features changes in the adult bromeliads. The tank bromeliads get to absorb mainly organic nitrogen sources from decomposed organic matter which accumulates inside the tank. The roots of atmospheric bromeliads also showed an important role in the nutrition of the young plants since the atmospheric bromeliads get to improve the nitrogen sources uptake and nitrogen assimilation. When the bromeliads developed a tank, the bases of the leaves might assume the absorption function, whereas the roots, perhaps, might decrease its capacity to capture the nutrients from the environment. The biochemical results showed that there is a strong synchronization of all stages of nitrogen metabolism (uptake, transport and assimilation) involving different body parts of bromeliads (roots, leaf portions of the base, middle or apex) of both development stages, suggesting that there might have a thin regulation of all physiological and metabolic processes of nitrogen metabolism in the bromeliad\'s tissues. This controlled regulation might be important to the atmospheric or tank bromeliads are able to absorb, allocate and assimilate nitrogen sources quickly and with great efficiency. Finally, the terminology “atmospheric epiphytic bromeliad” might not be appropriated to refer to young plants since their roots showed an important role in the absorption and assimilation of nitrogen sources. This feature is not usually attributed to the roots of atmospheric bromeliads. Then, the new terminology “young epiphytic bromeliad without tank” was suggested to refer the bromeliad V. gigantea in the juvenile phase

It is known that Sweden is categorised by being one of the regions that experience low solar radiation because it is located in the northern hemisphere that has a low potential of solar radiation during the colder seasons. The government of Sweden aim to promote a more sustainable future by applying more renewable initiative in the energy sector. One of the initiatives is by applying more renewable energy where PV panels will play a greater role in our society and in the energy sector. However, the produced energy from the PV panels is unpredictable due to changes in radiation throughout the day. One great way to tackle this issue is by combining PV panels with different energy storage system. This thesis evaluates an off-grid rowhouse in Eskilstuna Sweden where the PV panels are combined with a heat pump, thermal storage tank, including batteries and hydrogen system. The yearly electrical demand is met by utilizing PV panels, battery system for short term usage and hydrogen system for long-term usage during the colder seasons. The yearly thermal demand is met by the thermal storage tank. The thermal storage tank is charged by heat losses from the hydrogen system and thermal energy from heat pump.The calculations were simulated in Excel and MATLAB where OPTI-CE is composed with different components in the energy system. Furthermore, the off-grid household was evaluated from an economic outlook with respect to today’s market including the potential price decrease in 2030.The results indicated that the selected household is technically practicable to produce enough energy. The PV panels produces 13 560 kWh annually where the total electrical demand reaches 6 125 kWh yearly (including required electricity for the heat pump). The annual energy demand in terms of electricity and thermal heat reaches 12 500 kWh which is covered by the simulated energy system. The overproduction is stored in the batteries and hydrogen storage for later use. The back-up diesel generator does not need to operate, indicating that energy system supplies enough energy for the off-grid household. The thermal storage tank stores enough thermal energy regarding to the thermal load and stores most of the heat during the summer when there are high heat losses due to the charge of the hydrogen system. The simulated energy system has a life cycle cost reaching approximately k$318 with a total lifetime of 25 years. A similar off-grid system has the potential to reduce the life cycle cost to k$195 if the energy system is built in 2030 with a similar lifespan. The reduction occurs due to the potential price reduction for different components utilized in the energy system.

We present a new diffuse interface model for the dynamics of inextensible vesicles in a viscous fluid with inertial forces. A new feature of this work is the implementation of the local inextensibility condition in the diffuse interface context. Local inextensibility is enforced by using a local Lagrange multiplier, which provides the necessary tension force at the interface. We introduce a new equation for the local Lagrange multiplier whose solution essentially provides a harmonic extension of the multiplier off the interface while maintaining the local inextensibility constraint near the interface. We also develop a local relaxation scheme that dynamically corrects local stretching/compression errors thereby preventing their accumulation. Asymptotic analysis is presented that shows that our new system converges to a relaxed version of the inextensible sharp interface model. This is also verified numerically. To solve the equations, we use an adaptive finite element method with implicit coupling between the Navier-Stokes and the diffuse interface inextensibility equations. Numerical simulations of a single vesicle in a shear flow at different Reynolds numbers demonstrate that errors in enforcing local inextensibility may accumulate and lead to large differences in the dynamics in the tumbling regime and smaller differences in the inclination angle of vesicles in the tank-treading regime. The local relaxation algorithm is shown to prevent the accumulation of stretching and compression errors very effectively. Simulations of two vesicles in an extensional flow show that local inextensibility plays an important role when vesicles are in close proximity by inhibiting fluid drainage in the near contact region.

The use of heavy weaponry - such as tanks - in recent and current military conflicts has been overlooked, as were the principles of conventional warfare in general. With relation to armed conflict, attention has been given especially to the questions of conflict prevention and deconfliction. The thesis focuses on the ongoing conventional conflict in Syria, with the emphasis on the tactics of use of heavy armoured vehicles by non-state actors. The thesis takes advantage of volume of accessible primary sources concerning the topic to establish distinct modes of use of heavy weapons - the patterns of deployment, to analyse how the heavy weapons itself and the environment affecting their usage. On the two chosen case studies, these patterns of deployment are operationalised into an independent variable to assess whether the use of heavy armoured vehicles by insurgents in north-western Syria could be causally link with the outcome of military operations.

The aim of this thesis is to create a system that can detect fuel theft from vehicles. The systemconsists of a hardware device located in the monitored vehicles and information systemthat makes it possible to determine when and where the theft occurred. The thesis describesthe components of the hardware device and individual functionalities of the informationsystem.

This master thesis deals technology of floating islands and their application in practice. In the first theoretical part describes detail of physical and chemical properties of water, the cycle of substances in water and the distribution of standing water, which are considered the most suitable interest sites for the application and instalation of floating systems. The sekond part describes the measurement metodology, which was carried out in several stages on the research land of the Institute of Landscape Water Management. The measuremenr was focused on monitoring the quality characteristics of water in free artificial tanks (lysimeters). The first tank was with floating island, the sekond with floating rack without plants and the third tank with free surface (to ensure the simulation of the natural state). The measurement was under way in the calendar year 2017 and was divided into free stages (spring, summer, winter). During this period were monitored COD, total phosphorus, nitric and amoniacal nitrogen and dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pH, oxidation-reduction potential, water and air temperature and aggregate rainfall. Part of the master thesis is graphical and tabular evaluation of the results. The results are processed in the Minitab 16 statistical software, graphical representation is supplemented by the interlaced linear and cubic regression curves for easier search for the dependence of selected factors. The stages are compared at the end of the master thesis. At hhe end of summer 2017, the first application of the floating island according to utility model No. 31 169 was carried out within the Czech Republic on selected water reservoir in the Bílý Potok basin (Polička).

The main topic of this thesis is a design of VUT 001 airplane fuel transformation by means of fuel cells and storage batteries. A list of components available on the market was drawn up, their building in the airplane and the engineering design for mounting the electric motor into the structure. The thesis also includes the mass and centering analysis of flight performance and stability control.