International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / Many view quality and productivity as competing concepts. After all, doesn’t high software quality come at a high cost? Doesn’t it mean that a large amount of "extra stuff" needs to be done during the software development cycle? And, doesn’t that mean that software productivity takes a back seat to (and a major hit from) quality efforts? This paper will explore these issues. This paper provides some preliminary data that supports how a disciplined software engineering process can (and has) resulted in high quality software while actually increasing productivity. Data has been gathered on organizations that have a disciplined, quality-oriented software engineering process in place. That data shows that quality and productivity can (and do) coexist. The data will be discussed along with an explanation of how these results can be achieved.

The purpose of this study was to examine the nature of collaboration among members of a first grade team as they participated in a state mandated reading initiative. The second purpose was to examine how top-down mandates of state reading initiatives and collaboration among team members translated into “secret stories” of classroom instruction for the three focus teachers. The study also considered my role as the campus reading coach, as I attempted to facilitate the translation of the reading initiative to meet the diverse needs of the team members, while navigating issues of power among the campus administration and the first grade team. Qualitative research methods were used to document and describe (a) the interactions and collaboration of the first grade team during grade level reading meetings; (b) the formation of micro-groups due to power issues; (c) literacy practices of the three focus teachers and; (d) the secret stories of members of the first grade team as they navigated the troubled landscape of the second year of the reading initiative. The first grade meetings were observed and documented for five months, as teachers completed the reading initiative modules and attempted to translate those practices in order to complement their existing classroom practices. Each of the three focus first grade teachers was interviewed and recorded during classroom instruction. Interviews with students were also conducted in order to gain the perspective of literacy practices from a child’s point of view. Data for the study included field notes from observations, student and teacher interviews, digital images of student work and classroom texts, and digital video and audio recordings of interviews and classroom instruction. The findings of the study indicate that teachers translated staff development practices in accordance with their existing beliefs and tended to gravitate toward and collaborate with those who shared common pedagogical beliefs. The role of the reading coach was best served when the coaching protocols were transparent to all team members. The study revealed the inevitability of conflict in an atmosphere of collaboration as well as the notion that teachers are the true curriculum makers regardless of the initiative. / text

<p>The purpose of this study was to identify the positive and negative aspects of the work and dynamics of a management team and from that recommend how the team can improve. The aim was also to investigate whether there was a gap between how the members of the management team comprehend themselves and how the project, section and team managers comprehend the management team. The management team contains of seven core team members and is the head function of a research and development site in central Sweden. The results are based on interviews with the present members of the management team and three former members, a survey among the project, section and team managers and by participating observation on meetings with the team. The results show that the management team is an overall well-functioning team that with some changes and improvements, especially concerning communication and information, can reach even further. In addition the results show that there was no considerable gap between how the management team comprehends them and how the project, section and team managers comprehend the management team.</p>

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Föreliggande studie undersöker de fem förbundskaptener som verkar i flick- (F16, F17 och F19), ungdoms- (U23) och damlandslaget i fotboll. Syftet med undersökningen är att skaffa sig kunskap om deras uppfattning om coaching och ledarskap samt undersöka hur förbundskaptenerna coachar och leder under landslagssamlingarna.  Metoderna är intervjuer samt observationer vid matcher och träningar hos samtliga aktuella landslag. Undersökningen har tagit del av Svenska fotbollförbundets tre styrdokument för utbildning av flick-, ungdoms-, och damspelare på landslagsnivå, Spelarutbildningsplan från F15 till A-landslag (2010), Arbetssätt och roller, från F15-U20 (2013) samt Spelarutbildningsplan 2013. Förbundskaptenerna anger att de är formade av sina första år inom idrotten. De har samtliga en lång fotbollskarriär som spelare och tränare. Ledarskapet utgår från spelarnas delaktighet och inflytande. Delaktighet, nyfikenhet och aktivitet är nyckelord för spelarna. Förbundskaptenerna arbetar med ett coachande förhållningssätt och ledarskap där strävan är att spelarna motiveras till egna problemlösningar och beslut. Mål sätts av spelare och ledare tillsammans utifrån de resurser som finns. Förbundskaptenernas uppgift är att skapa förutsättningar för att uppnå målen. Förbundskaptenerna ställer frågor och finns med som stöd, utbildare, guider och utvecklare med syfte att ge spelarna förutsättningar att nå uppsatta mål. Arbetssättet skiljer sig mellan träning och match. Vid match använder ledarna ett mer auktoritärt ledarskap och spelarnas möjligheter till egna beslut minskar. / The present study examines the five national coaches operating in girls’ team (F16, F17 and F19), Youth team (U23) and the national team in women's soccer. The purpose of the survey is to obtain knowledge about their perceptions of coaching and leadership and to explore how head coaches were coaching and leading teams during the collections. The methods are interviews and observations during matches and training sessions by all the present national team. The study has noted Swedish Football Association three policy documents for education of girls, youth, and women players at the national team level, Player program from F15 to A-national team (2010), Operation and roles, from F15-U20 (2013) and Player Study 2013.    Coach lights indicate that they are shaped by their first years in the sport. They all have a long soccer career as a player and coach. Leadership starts from the players' participation and influence. Participation, curiosity and activity are key words for the players. Coaches are working with a coaching approach and leadership with the purpose being that the players motivated for their own solutions to problems and decisions. Goals are set by players and officials together on the resources that are available. Coach's task is to create conditions for achieving the objectives. Coaches are asking questions and are there as support, trainers, guides and developers aiming to give players opportunities to reach their goals. The approach differs between training and matches. During the match, the leaders use a more authoritarian leadership and players' ability to reduce their own decisions.

Ingesting carbohydrate (CHO) before and during prolonged steady-state exercise can significantly improve the endurance capacity (time to exhaustion) of adolescents. This knowledge, combined with current understanding of the physiological and metabolic responses of young people to prolonged steadystate exercise, as well as awareness of youth team games participation statistics, suggests CHO ingestion before and during team games exercise may be beneficial for adolescent team games players. However, research in this area has not been conducted, presenting a notable gap in the paediatric exercise science literature. This thesis described three studies with the aim of investigating the influence of CHO ingestion immediately before, and during, prolonged intermittent, high-intensity exercise on the endurance capacity, sprint performance, and physiological responses of adolescent team games players. The studies investigated a CHO-electrolyte (CHO-E) solution, solutions of differing CHO concentration ([CHO]), and CHO in the form of a gel in trained 12-14 year old soccer, rugby, and field hockey players during a modified Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST). Study 1 (n = 15) reported a significant 24.4% enhancement of intermittent endurance capacity with ingestion of a 6% CHO-E solution compared with a placebo (PLA, 5.1 ± 1.8 vs. 4.1 ± 1.6 min, P < 0.05, r = 0.51), with distance covered also significantly greater in the CHO trial (851 ± 365 vs. 694 ± 278 m, P < 0.05, r = 0.52). No significant influence of CHO was found for mean sprint times (P = 0.35, r = 0.27) or physiological response except at exhaustion, where peak heart rate was significantly greater in the CHO trial (P < 0.05, r = 0.55). Study two (n = 7) found a significant influence of [CHO] on intermittent endurance capacity, with a 6% solution increasing intermittent endurance capacity by 34.1% compared with a 10% solution (5.5 ± 0.8 vs. 4.1 ± 1.5 min, P < 0.05, r = 0.76). No significant difference was observed between the 2% (4.8 ± 1.2 min) and the 6% (P = 0.10, r = 0.63), or the 2% and the 10% (P = 0.09, r = 0.63) solution. Distance covered was significantly greater with the 6% solution compared with the 10% solution (931 ± 172 vs. 706 ± 272 m, P < 0.05, r = 0.76), but was not significantly different compared with the 2% solution (811 ± 230 m, P = 0.09, r = 0.63) or between the 2% and 10% solutions (P = 0.11, r = 0.61). Carbohydrate concentration did not significantly influence mean sprint times (P = 0.38, r = 0.42) or physiological response. Study three (n = 11) reported a significant 21.1% enhancement in intermittent endurance capacity with ingestion of a CHO gel, isoenergetic to the 6% CHO-E solution used in studies 1 and 2, compared with a PLA gel (4.6 ± 2.0 vs. 3.8 ± 2.4 min, P < 0.05, r = 0.67). Distance covered was also significantly greater in the CHO trial (787 ± 319 vs. 669 ± 424 m, P < 0.05, r = 0.57). No influence of the CHO gel was observed on mean sprint times (P = 0.33, r = 0.31) or physiological response. This thesis reports a significant positive influence of CHO ingestion on the intermittent endurance capacity of adolescent team games players during prolonged intermittent, high-intensity exercise. Ingestion of a 6% CHO-E solution was more beneficial than a PLA solution and a 10% CHO-E solution. When compared to a PLA gel, CHO gel ingestion was analogous in efficacy to a 6% CHO-E solution. Carbohydrate ingestion did not significantly influence sprint performance. The influence of CHO on the physiological responses of adolescent team games players to prolonged intermittent, high-intensity exercise was minimal, with the only reported effect being a significantly greater HR at exhaustion in study 1. This thesis has provided evidence to support the use of CHO before and during team games in adolescent team games players, begun to formulate guidelines for CHO ingestion by adolescent team games players, and provided a robust foundation for further study in this field.

The impact of training on virtual team effectiveness was assessed in five areas: communication, planning tasks and setting goals, solving problems and making decisions, resolving conflict, and responding to customer requirements. A 12-page survey was developed exploring all aspects of virtual teams. 180 surveys were distributed, 52 were returned representing 43 companies. Training led to higher effectiveness in planning tasks and setting goals, solving problems and making decisions, and conflict resolution, but not in communication and responding to customer requirements. Training may not solve all the problems that virtual teams will encounter; however, training will make the challenges easier to handle.

The increased flexibility that can be achieved through the use of an agile project management system, make it a popular management style within software development projects. Despite the many benefits of using agile teams, there are however also challenges that are likely to occur within these systems. By using an extended version of Dickinson and McIntyre's teamwork model, this study identifies possible teamwork challenges that may occur when an agile project management method is used, and discusses how a company can address them. The study is conducted through an interview-based case study of a software development company with self-governing agile teams. This study finds that a lack of shared mental models and inadequate team leadership are sources for teamwork challenges within agile teams. Furthermore this study identifies challenges in relation to team orientation, back-up functions and communication. By using existing theories on agile teams and teamwork, the paper explains why these challenges likely have occurred and how they are related to the use of an agile project management. Finally, the paper provides some suggestions for practice based on the discussion. The suggested solutions involve the provision of better key performance indicators to establish shared mental models and a rotation of team roles in order to increase redundancy and back-up functions.

Bakgrund När en människa diagnostiseras med en allvarlig sjukdom som inte går att bota ska palliativ vård erbjudas till alla oavsett diagnos, kön eller ålder. Palliativ vård har som målsättning att förbättra livskvaliteten för patienter genom att erbjuda lindrande åtgärder utifrån en helhetssyn. Även att beakta närståendes livskvalitet är en viktig aspekt i palliativ vård. Sjuksköterskan har en central roll i personcentread omvårdnad av patienter i livets slutskede. Syfte Syftet var att undersöka hur sjuksköterskans upplevelser av mötet med patienter i livets slutskede kan påverkas av att samverka i team. Metod Metoden som valdes var en kvalitativ intervjustudie. Sju sjuksköterskor inkluderades i studien. För att analysera materialet gjordes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat Studiens resultat visade att sjuksköterskornas erfarenheter bidrog till ett tillfredsställande arbete och att mötena påverkat deras personliga utveckling och synen på livet. De beskrev även att symtomlindring, kommunikation, samverkan i team och närståendestöd är essentiella för att kunna ge en god palliativ vård. Stöttning och hjälp av teamet och från verksamheten ansågs viktigt och bidrog till att sjuksköterskorna kunde möta och hantera svåra situationer. Slutsats Sjuksköterskornas upplevelser av mötena med patienter i livets slutskede kunde påverkas av samverkan i team. Genom en god samverkan i teamet kunde sjuksköterskorna finna stöd och kraft att hantera svåra situationer. En god samverkan var också en förutsättning för att ge god palliativ vård. Mötena med patienter i livets slut kunde även påverka sjuksköterskornas livssyn.

Title: Analysis of selected criteria competing line-ups AERO Dance and Fitness aerobic Objective: The main objektive of this master thesis is to identify the main performance indicators of competition in the category of assemblies AERO Dance and Fitness aerobic. Methods: In this master thesis has been using content analysis and observation. These methods were used to collect and evaluate necessary data. Results: The results show various choreographic solutions and fundamental movement forms which affect sport performance of competitive configurations of most successful teams of organizations FISAF and FIG. Keywords: FIG, FISAF, Fitness team aerobic, AERO Dance