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MARTINS, Arlon Francisco Carvalho. Terminologia do ciclo de produção do alumínio: bauxita, alumina e alumínio. 2014. 388f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2014. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-02-23T14:43:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_tese_afcmartins.pdf: 8462343 bytes, checksum: c48ceb2134509a1f18eee99ddb48f95f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-02-23T14:44:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_tese_afcmartins.pdf: 8462343 bytes, checksum: c48ceb2134509a1f18eee99ddb48f95f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-23T14:44:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_tese_afcmartins.pdf: 8462343 bytes, checksum: c48ceb2134509a1f18eee99ddb48f95f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / This study aimed to describe and present, in dictionary form, with a printed and an other electronics version, the technical language of the primary aluminum production cycle in Pará State, distributed in three activities: bauxite mining, alumina refining and metallurgy of aluminum. Therefore, we investigated the language of the three largest companies that develop these activities, respectively the Mineração Rio do Norte S.A. (MRN), HYDRO ALUNORTE and the Alumínio Brasileiro S.A. (ALBRAS). The research was based theoretically and methodologically in two terminological theoretical currents - the Socioterminology and Communicative Theory of Terminology. The data collection was taken from a corpus of 173 specialized texts and 18 institutional DVDs distributed according to these three activities developed by the companies. With this collection work, we extract technical terms, definitions and contexts of occurrence. These data were introduced into a computer program called Lexique Pro, which automatically organized the macro and microstructure of the dictionary. After a provisional version of the dictionary, we check the information contained in the dictionary with some experts of the activities involved to verify if the informations were correct. The final version of the dictionary has 1,110 terms that represent a broad universe of current technical language of the aluminum production cycle, of which 362 are related to the mining of bauxite, 228 relate to the refining of alumina and 693 relate to the metallurgy of aluminum. As for the grammatical categories, the dictionary has 564 masculine nouns, 516 feminine nouns, 22 verbs and 8 adjectives. Altogether, 97% of the words are nouns. The dictionary presents, according to the variationist model developed by Faulstich (2010), 214 formal variants (concurrent variants), 164 synonyms (coocorrentes variants) and 50 loanwords (competitive variants). The Dictionary that we present aims to systematize the technical language of these three main activities of the aluminum production cycle. In this perspective, the main purpose of this work was to produce a technical dictionary that favour communication between interested by this activity, between the public object of the research, researchers, teachers and students. / Este trabalho propôs descrever e apresentar, em forma de dicionário, com uma versão impressa e outra eletrônica, a linguagem técnica do ciclo de produção do alumínio primário no Estado do Pará, distribuída em três atividades: a mineração da bauxita, refino da alumina e a metalurgia do alumínio. Para tanto, investigamos a linguagem das três maiores empresas que desempenham essas atividades, respectivamente a Mineração Rio do Norte S.A. (MRN), a HYDRO ALUNORTE e a Alumínio Brasileiro S.A. (ALBRAS). A pesquisa foi fundamentada teórica e metodologicamente em duas correntes teóricas terminológicas - a Socioterminologia e Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia. A coleta dos dados foi feita a partir de um corpus constituído de 173 textos especializados e 18 DVDs institucionais distribuídos de acordo com as três atividades desenvolvidas pelas empresas. Com este trabalho de coleta, extraímos os termos técnicos, as definições e contextos de ocorrência dos termos. Esses dados foram digitalizados em um programa computacional chamado Lexique Pro, que automaticamente organizou a macro e as microestruturas do dicionário. Após uma versão provisória do dicionário, checamos as informações contidas no dicionário junto a alguns especialistas das atividades envolvidas para verificar se tais informações estavam corretas. A versão definitiva do dicionário possui 1.110 termos que representam um amplo universo da linguagem técnica atual do ciclo de produção do alumínio, das quais 362 se relacionam à mineração da bauxita, 228 se relacionam ao refino da alumina e 693 se relacionam à metalurgia do alumínio. Quanto às categorias gramaticais, o dicionário apresenta 564 substantivos masculinos, 516 substantivos femininos, 22 verbos e 8 adjetivos. Ao todo, 97% dos termos são substantivos. O dicionário apresenta ainda, observando o modelo variacionista de Faulstich (2010) adotado para esta pesquisa, 214 variantes formais (variantes concorrentes), 164 sinônimos (variantes coocorrentes) e 50 empréstimos (variantes competitivas). O Dicionário que apresentamos tem como meta sistematizar a linguagem técnica dessas três principais atividades o ciclo de produção de alumínio. Nessa perspectiva, o principal intuito deste trabalho foi produzir um dicionário técnico que favoreça a comunicação entre os interessados por essa atividade, entre o publico objeto da pesquisa, pesquisadores, docentes e estudantes.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Este trabalho propÃs descrever e apresentar, em forma de dicionÃrio, com uma versÃo impressa e outra eletrÃnica, a linguagem tÃcnica do ciclo de produÃÃo do alumÃnio primÃrio no Estado do ParÃ, distribuÃda em trÃs atividades: a mineraÃÃo da bauxita, refino da alumina e a metalurgia do alumÃnio. Para tanto, investigamos a linguagem das trÃs maiores empresas que desempenham essas atividades, respectivamente a MineraÃÃo Rio do Norte S.A. (MRN), a HYDRO ALUNORTE e a AlumÃnio Brasileiro S.A. (ALBRAS). A pesquisa foi fundamentada teÃrica e metodologicamente em duas correntes teÃricas terminolÃgicas - a Socioterminologia e Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia. A coleta dos dados foi feita a partir de um corpus constituÃdo de 173 textos especializados e 18 DVDs institucionais distribuÃdos de acordo com as trÃs atividades desenvolvidas pelas empresas. Com este trabalho de coleta, extraÃmos os termos tÃcnicos, as definiÃÃes e contextos de ocorrÃncia dos termos. Esses dados foram digitalizados em um programa computacional chamado Lexique Pro, que automaticamente organizou a macro e as microestruturas do dicionÃrio. ApÃs uma versÃo provisÃria do dicionÃrio, checamos as informaÃÃes contidas no dicionÃrio junto a alguns especialistas das atividades envolvidas para verificar se tais informaÃÃes estavam corretas. A versÃo definitiva do dicionÃrio possui 1.110 termos que representam um amplo universo da linguagem tÃcnica atual do ciclo de produÃÃo do alumÃnio, das quais 362 se relacionam à mineraÃÃo da bauxita, 228 se relacionam ao refino da alumina e 693 se relacionam à metalurgia do alumÃnio. Quanto Ãs categorias gramaticais, o dicionÃrio apresenta 564 substantivos masculinos, 516 substantivos femininos, 22 verbos e 8 adjetivos. Ao todo, 97% dos termos sÃo substantivos. O dicionÃrio apresenta ainda, observando o modelo variacionista de Faulstich (2010) adotado para esta pesquisa, 214 variantes formais (variantes concorrentes), 164 sinÃnimos (variantes coocorrentes) e 50 emprÃstimos (variantes competitivas). O DicionÃrio que apresentamos tem como meta sistematizar a linguagem tÃcnica dessas trÃs principais atividades o ciclo de produÃÃo de alumÃnio. Nessa perspectiva, o principal intuito deste trabalho foi produzir um dicionÃrio tÃcnico que favoreÃa a comunicaÃÃo entre os interessados por essa atividade, entre o publico objeto da pesquisa, pesquisadores, docentes e estudantes. / This study aimed to describe and present, in dictionary form, with a printed and an other electronics version, the technical language of the primary aluminum production cycle in Parà State, distributed in three activities: bauxite mining, alumina refining and metallurgy of aluminum. Therefore, we investigated the language of the three largest companies that develop these activities, respectively the MineraÃÃo Rio do Norte S.A. (MRN), HYDRO ALUNORTE and the AlumÃnio Brasileiro S.A. (ALBRAS). The research was based theoretically and methodologically in two terminological theoretical currents - the Socioterminology and Communicative Theory of Terminology. The data collection was taken from a corpus of 173 specialized texts and 18 institutional DVDs distributed according to these three activities developed by the companies. With this collection work, we extract technical terms, definitions and contexts of occurrence. These data were introduced into a computer program called Lexique Pro, which automatically organized the macro and microstructure of the dictionary. After a provisional version of the dictionary, we check the information contained in the dictionary with some experts of the activities involved to verify if the informations were correct. The final version of the dictionary has 1,110 terms that represent a broad universe of current technical language of the aluminum production cycle, of which 362 are related to the mining of bauxite, 228 relate to the refining of alumina and 693 relate to the metallurgy of aluminum. As for the grammatical categories, the dictionary has 564 masculine nouns, 516 feminine nouns, 22 verbs and 8 adjectives. Altogether, 97% of the words are nouns. The dictionary presents, according to the variationist model developed by Faulstich (2010), 214 formal variants (concurrent variants), 164 synonyms (coocorrentes variants) and 50 loanwords (competitive variants). The Dictionary that we present aims to systematize the technical language of these three main activities of the aluminum production cycle. In this perspective, the main purpose of this work was to produce a technical dictionary that favour communication between interested by this activity, between the public object of the research, researchers, teachers and students.

This study aims to show that frequency of occurrence over time for technical terms differs from general language terms in the sense that technical terms are strongly biased to be recent occurrences, and that this difference can be exploited for the automatic identification and extraction of technical terms from text. To this end, we propose two features extracted from temporally labelled datasets designed to capture surface level n-gram neology. The analysis shows that these features, calculated over consecutive bigrams, are highly indicative of technical terms, which suggests that technical terms are strongly biased to be surface level neologisms. Finally, we implement a technical term extractor using the proposed features and compare its performance against a number of baselines. / Detta arbete ämnar visa att den tidsberoende frekvensen för facktermer skiljer sig från motsvarande frekvens för termer i vardagligt språk, i det avseendet att facktermer med hög sannolikhet är lingvistiska nybildningar, samt att denna iaktagelse kan nyttjas i syfte att automatiskt identifiera och extrahera facktermer i löptext. I detta syfte introducerar vi två särdrag extraherade från kronologiskt annoterade datamängder avsedda att fånga nybildningar av förekommande n-gram. Analysen visar att dessa särdrag, beräknade över konsekutiva bigram, är starkt indikativa för facktermer, vilket antyder att facktermer har en starkt tendens att vara nybildningar. Slutligtvis implementerar vi en facktermsextraktor baserad på dessa särdrag och jämför dess prestanda med ett antal referenssärdrag.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第18700号 / 情博第550号 / 新制||情||97(附属図書館) / 31633 / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科知能情報学専攻 / (主査)教授 河原 達也, 教授 黒橋 禎夫, 教授 鹿島 久嗣, 准教授 森 信介 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

It is known to most of us that in order to succeed with a translation you need good language skills, both in the source language and in the target language. But in the work of translating a text in a specific field, the translator also needs certain knowledge of that specific domain. In this essay, I analyze to what extent one needs that knowledge, and to what extent dictionaries, secondary literature and research on the Internet can help during the translation process.   The main subject for this essay is however an analysis of the translation of astrological terms, taken from a French book on medical astrology from which I have translated three whole chapters. The target language is Swedish. These two languages have separate origins, and therefore the terminologies could differ a lot. But, since the subject – astrology – comes from Ancient Greece and doesn’t depend on neither the French nor the Swedish culture, it is more likely that the astrological technolect looks partly the same in both languages: the terminology should presumably have been borrowed from the language of the ancient Greeks.   The seven translation strategies suggested by Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet in Stylistique comparée du français et de l’anglais, written in the 1950’s, helped me analyze the translation. With their method, I could for example see if the translation was mostly literal or oblique, and what kind of strategy is preferable in the translation of technolects.

The notion that consistency is important when translating technical terms is nothing new in itself. Despite this, it is not uncommon to see the very same technical terms being translated into a multitude of words, even when various efforts to unify the process have been proposed. This diversity in the translation of technical terms has previously been shown to occur in the medical field by analyzing equipment manuals. However, there is a lack of research on how technical term translation fares in other fields. To narrow this identified gap, quantitative overviews of the translations from the widely respected operating system Debian are presented. The first overview is a list of the 354 most frequently appearing English technical terms. This was created by looking at the existing textual data of the system quantitatively, together with a judgment-based term selection process with the help of domain experts. The second overview is an analysis of how the 10 most frequently used identified technical terms are translated into Japanese. This is done by Catford’s probabilistic notion of textual equivalence, which shows the different translation alternatives found in the data and the probability of their appearance. The results of this study indicate that there is a varying degree of unification within the translation of technical terms. The synthesized data of the study can be used by the translation community to deepen educated decisions on the translation of technical terms within the field of information technology.

В работе описаны понятие перевода и его роль в международном сотрудничестве, изучены основные теории и виды перевода, также выявлены и обобщены понятие и особенности научно-технических терминов. В ходе исследования путем анализа конкретных примеров обобщены шесть основных трудностей перевода научно-технических терминов, предложены восемь рекомендаций по переводу научно-технических терминов, разработан глоссарий сложных и вероятных ошибочных терминов по строительной тематике. / The work describes the concept of translation and its role in international cooperation, examines the main theories and types of translation, also identifies and summarizes the concept and features of scientific and technical terms. In the course of the study six main difficulties in the translation of scientific and technical terms are summarized by analyzing case studies, eight recommendations for the translation of scientific and technical terms are offered, a glossary of difficult and likely erroneous terms in the construction field is developed.