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1	Estudo dos efeitos do tamanho de corpos-de-prova no módulo de resiliência de quatro solos / Study of the effects of test specimen size on resilient modulus testing of four soils Bonzanini, João Augusto Fraga January 2011 (has links) Os parâmetros obtidos nos resultados de ensaios triaxiais de módulo de resiliência em solos têm sido cada vez mais utilizados no dimensionamento de pavimentos. Estes parâmetros são fundamentais em análises estruturais e mecanísticas de pavimentos. Pelas normas atuais o ensaio pode ser realizado em diversos tamanhos de corpo-de-prova contanto que respeite a relação entre diâmetro por altura 1:2 e a relação tamanho máximo de partícula por diâmetro do corpo-de-prova 1:5. O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender como variam os resultados de módulo de resiliência quando os ensaios são realizados em diferentes tamanhos de corpode- prova. Para realizar esta pesquisa foram utilizados quatro solos distintos ensaiados em corpos-de-prova de 7,5 x 15 cm, 10 x 20 cm e 15 x 30 cm. Os solos escolhidos foram uma areia, um solo arenoso fino laterítico, um solo argiloso e um solo residual de granito (saibro). Todos os quatro solos são utilizados como materiais para pavimentação e são provenientes do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os materiais foram caracterizados por ensaios de granulometria, peso específico real dos grãos e limites de liquidez e plasticidade. Foram realizados ensaios de compactação nas energias normal e intermediária obtendo-se assim os parâmetros de compactação para os ensaios triaxiais. Em dois dos quatro solos da pesquisa ainda se realizou ensaios de classificação MCT. Os ensaios triaxiais foram realizados com os quatro solos, em três tamanhos e com duas energias de compactação, totalizando 24 ensaios. Após revisão bibliográfica sobre modelos matemáticos de regressão, decidiu-se interpretar os resultados pelos modelos Tensão Confinante, Tensão Desvio, Modelo Teta e Modelo Composto. Dentre os quatro modelos utilizados, o Modelo Composto obteve os melhores resultados de ajuste. Realizaram-se análises dos parâmetros obtidos nos modelos pela variação do tamanho de corpo-de-prova, onde se observou um pequeno aumento dos valores de MR quando ensaiados em corpos-de-prova maiores. Realizou-se ainda uma comparação estatística entre os resultados dos ensaios triaxiais em que a principal conclusão foi de que a areia, dentre os quatro solos estudados, é considerada o único material que não varia seus módulos conforme o ensaio é realizado em diferentes tamanhos de corpo-de-prova. / The results of resilient modulus test of soils have been increasingly used in pavement design, once they are fundamental in structural and mechanistic analysis of pavements. By the current standards/protocols, the test may be performed in various sizes of test specimens as long as it respects the relationship between diameter and height ratio 1:2 and the relationship between maximum particle size and diameter of the test specimen 1:5. The aim of this study is to understand how the results of resilient modulus vary when the tests are conducted in different sizes of test specimen. In order to conduct this research, four different types of soil were used and tested in specimens of 7.5 x 15 cm, 10 x 20 cm and 15 x 30 cm. The soils chosen were sand, fine sandy lateritic soil, clayey soil and residual soil of granite (gravel). All the four soils are used for pavement materials and are original from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The tests carried out for characterization of the materials include: grain size distribution, physical characterization and Atterberg limits. Proctor compaction test were performed in two different energies, thus obtaining the compression parameters for the compaction of the specimen. Additionally, in two of the four soils of the research, experiments of MCT classification were carried out. The resilient modulus tests were performed with the four soils in three sizes and in two compaction energies, totalizing 24 experiments. After reviewing the literature on regression mathematical models, it was decided to interpret the results from models of Confining Pressure, Deviation Stress, Teta Model and Composted Model. Among the four models used, the Composted Model showed the best fitting results. Analysis were performed considering coefficients obtained in the models versus the size of the specimen. A small increase in resilient modulus values was noticed for experiments performed with larger samples. A statistical comparison between the results of the resilient modulus tests was performed, and the main conclusion was that the sand is considered the only material among the four soils that do not vary its modules as the test is performed on different sizes of specimen. Módulo de resiliência Pavimentos Ensaios triaxiais Geotecnia Test specimen size Resilient modulus testing Regression mathematical models
2	Estudo dos efeitos do tamanho de corpos-de-prova no módulo de resiliência de quatro solos / Study of the effects of test specimen size on resilient modulus testing of four soils Bonzanini, João Augusto Fraga January 2011 (has links) Os parâmetros obtidos nos resultados de ensaios triaxiais de módulo de resiliência em solos têm sido cada vez mais utilizados no dimensionamento de pavimentos. Estes parâmetros são fundamentais em análises estruturais e mecanísticas de pavimentos. Pelas normas atuais o ensaio pode ser realizado em diversos tamanhos de corpo-de-prova contanto que respeite a relação entre diâmetro por altura 1:2 e a relação tamanho máximo de partícula por diâmetro do corpo-de-prova 1:5. O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender como variam os resultados de módulo de resiliência quando os ensaios são realizados em diferentes tamanhos de corpode- prova. Para realizar esta pesquisa foram utilizados quatro solos distintos ensaiados em corpos-de-prova de 7,5 x 15 cm, 10 x 20 cm e 15 x 30 cm. Os solos escolhidos foram uma areia, um solo arenoso fino laterítico, um solo argiloso e um solo residual de granito (saibro). Todos os quatro solos são utilizados como materiais para pavimentação e são provenientes do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os materiais foram caracterizados por ensaios de granulometria, peso específico real dos grãos e limites de liquidez e plasticidade. Foram realizados ensaios de compactação nas energias normal e intermediária obtendo-se assim os parâmetros de compactação para os ensaios triaxiais. Em dois dos quatro solos da pesquisa ainda se realizou ensaios de classificação MCT. Os ensaios triaxiais foram realizados com os quatro solos, em três tamanhos e com duas energias de compactação, totalizando 24 ensaios. Após revisão bibliográfica sobre modelos matemáticos de regressão, decidiu-se interpretar os resultados pelos modelos Tensão Confinante, Tensão Desvio, Modelo Teta e Modelo Composto. Dentre os quatro modelos utilizados, o Modelo Composto obteve os melhores resultados de ajuste. Realizaram-se análises dos parâmetros obtidos nos modelos pela variação do tamanho de corpo-de-prova, onde se observou um pequeno aumento dos valores de MR quando ensaiados em corpos-de-prova maiores. Realizou-se ainda uma comparação estatística entre os resultados dos ensaios triaxiais em que a principal conclusão foi de que a areia, dentre os quatro solos estudados, é considerada o único material que não varia seus módulos conforme o ensaio é realizado em diferentes tamanhos de corpo-de-prova. / The results of resilient modulus test of soils have been increasingly used in pavement design, once they are fundamental in structural and mechanistic analysis of pavements. By the current standards/protocols, the test may be performed in various sizes of test specimens as long as it respects the relationship between diameter and height ratio 1:2 and the relationship between maximum particle size and diameter of the test specimen 1:5. The aim of this study is to understand how the results of resilient modulus vary when the tests are conducted in different sizes of test specimen. In order to conduct this research, four different types of soil were used and tested in specimens of 7.5 x 15 cm, 10 x 20 cm and 15 x 30 cm. The soils chosen were sand, fine sandy lateritic soil, clayey soil and residual soil of granite (gravel). All the four soils are used for pavement materials and are original from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The tests carried out for characterization of the materials include: grain size distribution, physical characterization and Atterberg limits. Proctor compaction test were performed in two different energies, thus obtaining the compression parameters for the compaction of the specimen. Additionally, in two of the four soils of the research, experiments of MCT classification were carried out. The resilient modulus tests were performed with the four soils in three sizes and in two compaction energies, totalizing 24 experiments. After reviewing the literature on regression mathematical models, it was decided to interpret the results from models of Confining Pressure, Deviation Stress, Teta Model and Composted Model. Among the four models used, the Composted Model showed the best fitting results. Analysis were performed considering coefficients obtained in the models versus the size of the specimen. A small increase in resilient modulus values was noticed for experiments performed with larger samples. A statistical comparison between the results of the resilient modulus tests was performed, and the main conclusion was that the sand is considered the only material among the four soils that do not vary its modules as the test is performed on different sizes of specimen. Módulo de resiliência Pavimentos Ensaios triaxiais Geotecnia Test specimen size Resilient modulus testing Regression mathematical models
3	Estudo dos efeitos do tamanho de corpos-de-prova no módulo de resiliência de quatro solos / Study of the effects of test specimen size on resilient modulus testing of four soils Bonzanini, João Augusto Fraga January 2011 (has links) Os parâmetros obtidos nos resultados de ensaios triaxiais de módulo de resiliência em solos têm sido cada vez mais utilizados no dimensionamento de pavimentos. Estes parâmetros são fundamentais em análises estruturais e mecanísticas de pavimentos. Pelas normas atuais o ensaio pode ser realizado em diversos tamanhos de corpo-de-prova contanto que respeite a relação entre diâmetro por altura 1:2 e a relação tamanho máximo de partícula por diâmetro do corpo-de-prova 1:5. O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender como variam os resultados de módulo de resiliência quando os ensaios são realizados em diferentes tamanhos de corpode- prova. Para realizar esta pesquisa foram utilizados quatro solos distintos ensaiados em corpos-de-prova de 7,5 x 15 cm, 10 x 20 cm e 15 x 30 cm. Os solos escolhidos foram uma areia, um solo arenoso fino laterítico, um solo argiloso e um solo residual de granito (saibro). Todos os quatro solos são utilizados como materiais para pavimentação e são provenientes do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os materiais foram caracterizados por ensaios de granulometria, peso específico real dos grãos e limites de liquidez e plasticidade. Foram realizados ensaios de compactação nas energias normal e intermediária obtendo-se assim os parâmetros de compactação para os ensaios triaxiais. Em dois dos quatro solos da pesquisa ainda se realizou ensaios de classificação MCT. Os ensaios triaxiais foram realizados com os quatro solos, em três tamanhos e com duas energias de compactação, totalizando 24 ensaios. Após revisão bibliográfica sobre modelos matemáticos de regressão, decidiu-se interpretar os resultados pelos modelos Tensão Confinante, Tensão Desvio, Modelo Teta e Modelo Composto. Dentre os quatro modelos utilizados, o Modelo Composto obteve os melhores resultados de ajuste. Realizaram-se análises dos parâmetros obtidos nos modelos pela variação do tamanho de corpo-de-prova, onde se observou um pequeno aumento dos valores de MR quando ensaiados em corpos-de-prova maiores. Realizou-se ainda uma comparação estatística entre os resultados dos ensaios triaxiais em que a principal conclusão foi de que a areia, dentre os quatro solos estudados, é considerada o único material que não varia seus módulos conforme o ensaio é realizado em diferentes tamanhos de corpo-de-prova. / The results of resilient modulus test of soils have been increasingly used in pavement design, once they are fundamental in structural and mechanistic analysis of pavements. By the current standards/protocols, the test may be performed in various sizes of test specimens as long as it respects the relationship between diameter and height ratio 1:2 and the relationship between maximum particle size and diameter of the test specimen 1:5. The aim of this study is to understand how the results of resilient modulus vary when the tests are conducted in different sizes of test specimen. In order to conduct this research, four different types of soil were used and tested in specimens of 7.5 x 15 cm, 10 x 20 cm and 15 x 30 cm. The soils chosen were sand, fine sandy lateritic soil, clayey soil and residual soil of granite (gravel). All the four soils are used for pavement materials and are original from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The tests carried out for characterization of the materials include: grain size distribution, physical characterization and Atterberg limits. Proctor compaction test were performed in two different energies, thus obtaining the compression parameters for the compaction of the specimen. Additionally, in two of the four soils of the research, experiments of MCT classification were carried out. The resilient modulus tests were performed with the four soils in three sizes and in two compaction energies, totalizing 24 experiments. After reviewing the literature on regression mathematical models, it was decided to interpret the results from models of Confining Pressure, Deviation Stress, Teta Model and Composted Model. Among the four models used, the Composted Model showed the best fitting results. Analysis were performed considering coefficients obtained in the models versus the size of the specimen. A small increase in resilient modulus values was noticed for experiments performed with larger samples. A statistical comparison between the results of the resilient modulus tests was performed, and the main conclusion was that the sand is considered the only material among the four soils that do not vary its modules as the test is performed on different sizes of specimen. Módulo de resiliência Pavimentos Ensaios triaxiais Geotecnia Test specimen size Resilient modulus testing Regression mathematical models
4	Hodnocení dynamického poškození kompozitní konstrukce / Evaluation of dynamic damage of composite structure Štefanovič, Peter January 2018 (has links) The first part of the diploma thesis with name „Evaluation of dynamic damage of composite structure“ focuses on designing device for impact experiments and suitable laminate samples made from prepregs. The conditions and problems of impact tests are also demonstrated here. The second part of the thesis deals with non-destructive control of damaged specimens based on thermography. This is mainly the extent of defects in the impaired area and the evaluation of results using the pulse infrared thermography method. Finally, the relative deviation in the crack size comparison between the visual method and thermographic are compared. Consequently, the residual strength of the damaged samples against undamaged specimens are compared using bending tests.
5	Experimental Investigation of a Closed Loop Impedance Pump with an Asymmetric Wall Garg, Rachit 21 September 2018 (has links) No description available. Mechanical Engineering Biomedical Engineering compliant tube flexible tube elastic tube asymmetric wall asymmetric test specimen impedance pump elastic test section elastic test specimen periodic perturbations TangoPlus FLX930 micro pump impedance pump efficiency
6	Shear Fracture and Delamination in Packaging Materials : A study of Experimental Methods and Simulation Techniques Islam, Md. Shafiqul January 2016 (has links) Packages are the means of preservation, distribution and convenience of use for food, medicine and other consumer products. Package opening is becoming complicated in many cases because of cutting cost in design and production of opening techniques. Introduction of new package opening technique, material or geometry for better opening experience, forces new design measurements which require a large number of prototype developments and physical testing. In order to achieve more rapid and accurate design, Finite Element Method (FEM) Simulations are widely used in packaging industries to compliment and reduce the number of physical testing. The goal of this work is to develop the building blocks towards complete package opening simulation. The study focuses on testing and simulation of shear fracture and shear delamination of packaging materials. A modified shear test specimen was developed and optimized by finite element simulation. Test method was validated for High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and Polypropylene (PP). The developed method has been accepted by international standards organization ASTM. Based on linear elastic fracture mechanics, a geometry correction factor of shear fracture toughness for the proposed specimen was derived. The study concluded that, for ease of opening, HDPE is a more favorable material for screw caps than PP. When performing the experiment with the shear specimen to find essential work of fracture, the ligament length should be varied between twice of the thickness and half of the width of the specimen ligament. Multi-layered thin laminate of Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and aluminum (Al), also known as Al/LDPE laminate, is another key object addressed in this study. Continuum and fracture testing of individual layers provided the base information and input for numerical modeling. The propagation of an interfacial pre-crack in lamination in Al-LDPE laminate was simulated using several numerical techniques available in the commercial FEM solver ABAQUS, and it was concluded that using the combination of VCCT technique to model the interfacial delamination and coupled elasto-plastic damage constitutive for Al and LDPE substrates can describe interfacial delamination and failure due to necking. It was also concluded that the delamination mode in a pre-crack tip is influenced by the ratio of fracture energy release rate of mode I and II. To address the challenge in quantifying shear energy release rate of laminate with very thin substrate, a convenient test technique is proposed. Additionally, scanning electron microscopic study provided useful information on fractured and delaminated surfaces and provided evidence that strengthened the conclusions of this work. The proposed test methods in this work will be crucial to measure the shear mechanical properties in bulk material and thin substrates. Laminates of Al and LDPE or similar material can be studied using the developed simulation technique which can be effectively used for decision support in early package development. Package opening Shear test specimen Stress intensity factor Finite Element simulation Scanning electron microscopy Polymers Interlaminar shear delamination Mechanical Engineering Maskinteknik
7	Technologie vstřikování zkušebních těles z termoplastů / Technology of injection molding of thermoplastic test specimens Khamzin, Yersin January 2021 (has links) The diploma thesis focuses on the optimization of technological parameters of plastic injection molding and the study of the influence of technological parameters on the quality of molded test specimens’ type 1A. The quality of molded parts for 3 types of polypropylene (PP) with different melt flow rate (Mosten GB 002, Mosten GB 218, Mosten MA 230) and 1 type of polystyrene (PS) (Krasten PS GP 154) was evaluated in terms of dimensional stability and weight. The contribution of software for modeling the plastic injection molding process was evaluated in this work. SOLIDWORKS Plastics software was used to optimize technological parameters. The construction of the bodies, mold and cooling system was constructed, and test bodies were produced on the basis of parameters obtained from the simulation of the injection molding process. Their quality parameters were compared with a 3D model and for each of the studied materials the optimal technological parameters were selected in terms of quality and the degree of influence of individual injection parameters on the quality of moldings was evaluated. The accordance of the results of the theoretical simulation with the real experiment was proved and a computational module independent of the optimized quality parameters, generally suitable for optimizing the quality parameters of the injected parts, was developed.
8	Gesteinsmechanische Versuche und petrophysikalische Untersuchungen – Laborergebnisse und numerische Simulationen Baumgarten, Lars 26 May 2016 (has links) (PDF) Dreiaxiale Druckprüfungen können als Einstufenversuche, als Mehrstufenversuche oder als Versuche mit kontinuierlichen Bruchzuständen ausgeführt werden. Bei der Anwendung der Mehrstufentechnik ergeben sich insbesondere Fragestellungen hinsichtlich der richtigen Wahl des Umschaltpunktes und des optimalen Verlaufs des Spannungspfades zwischen den einzelnen Versuchsstufen. Fraglich beim Versuch mit kontinuierlichen Bruchzuständen bleibt, ob im Versuchsverlauf tatsächlich Spannungszustände erfasst werden, welche die Höchstfestigkeit des untersuchten Materials repräsentieren. Die Dissertation greift diese Fragestellungen auf, ermöglicht den Einstieg in die beschriebene Thematik und schafft die Voraussetzungen, die zur Lösung der aufgeführten Problemstellungen notwendig sind. Auf der Grundlage einer umfangreichen Datenbasis gesteinsmechanischer und petrophysikalischer Kennwerte wurde ein numerisches Modell entwickelt, welches das Spannungs-Verformungs-, Festigkeits- und Bruchverhalten eines Sandsteins im direkten Zug- und im einaxialen Druckversuch sowie in dreiaxialen Druckprüfungen zufriedenstellend wiedergibt. Das Festigkeitsverhalten des entwickelten Modells wurde in Mehrstufentests mit unterschiedlichen Spannungspfaden analysiert und mit den entsprechenden Laborbefunden verglichen. Gesteinsprobe Prüfkörper Postaer Sandstein Laborprüfungen Petrophysikalische Untersuchungen Einaxialer Druckversuch Dreiaxialer Kompressionsversuch Einstufentest Mehrstufentechnik Spannungspfad Kontinuierliche Bruchzustände Continuous-Failure-State-Triaxial-Test Zugfestigkeitsprüfungen Scherversuch Spaltzugversuch Biegezugversuch Belastungsrichtung Ultraschalllaufzeitmessung Dehnwellen-Resonanzverfahren Kathodolumineszenz-Mikroskopie Gesteinkenngrößen Gesteinsmechanische Parameter Rohdichte Reindichte Porosität Dünnschliffanalyse Sphärizität Korngrößenverteilung Festigkeitskennwerte Höchstfestigkeit Spitzenfestigkeit Restfestigkeit Anisotropie Arbeitskurven Spannungs-Dehnungs-Verhalten Nachbruch Bruchbilder Verformungskennwerte Statischer Elastizitätsmodul Dynamischer Elastizitätsmodul Verformungsmodul Querdehnungszahl Impuls-Laufzeit Wellen-Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit Numerische Modellierung Simulationsrechnung PFC-3D Kugelmodell Clump Partikelarrangement Parameterkalibrierung Parallel Bond Mikrobruch Rissausbreitung elastische Wellen rock sample test specimen sandstone uniaxial compression test triaxial compression test unconfined compression test multiple failure state test continuous failure state test tensile splitting strength shear test bending test pulse velocity ultrasonic elastic constants Young’s modulus of elasticity modulus of deformation Poisson’s ratio post failure stress-strain behaviour real density apparent density grain-size distribution porosity flexural strength peak strength residual strength anisotropy fracture pattern micro-crack pulse-propagation velocity clump sphere model parallel bond crack propagation numerical modelling simulation elastic wave PFC-3D parameter calibration particle arrangement ddc:624 Posta Sandstein Gesteinsprobe Mechanische Eigenschaft Petrophysik Elastizität Werkstein Druckversuch Zugversuch Kennzahl Experiment Numerisches Modell
9	Gesteinsmechanische Versuche und petrophysikalische Untersuchungen – Laborergebnisse und numerische Simulationen Baumgarten, Lars 25 November 2015 (has links) Dreiaxiale Druckprüfungen können als Einstufenversuche, als Mehrstufenversuche oder als Versuche mit kontinuierlichen Bruchzuständen ausgeführt werden. Bei der Anwendung der Mehrstufentechnik ergeben sich insbesondere Fragestellungen hinsichtlich der richtigen Wahl des Umschaltpunktes und des optimalen Verlaufs des Spannungspfades zwischen den einzelnen Versuchsstufen. Fraglich beim Versuch mit kontinuierlichen Bruchzuständen bleibt, ob im Versuchsverlauf tatsächlich Spannungszustände erfasst werden, welche die Höchstfestigkeit des untersuchten Materials repräsentieren. Die Dissertation greift diese Fragestellungen auf, ermöglicht den Einstieg in die beschriebene Thematik und schafft die Voraussetzungen, die zur Lösung der aufgeführten Problemstellungen notwendig sind. Auf der Grundlage einer umfangreichen Datenbasis gesteinsmechanischer und petrophysikalischer Kennwerte wurde ein numerisches Modell entwickelt, welches das Spannungs-Verformungs-, Festigkeits- und Bruchverhalten eines Sandsteins im direkten Zug- und im einaxialen Druckversuch sowie in dreiaxialen Druckprüfungen zufriedenstellend wiedergibt. Das Festigkeitsverhalten des entwickelten Modells wurde in Mehrstufentests mit unterschiedlichen Spannungspfaden analysiert und mit den entsprechenden Laborbefunden verglichen. info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/624 ddc:624

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