This diploma thesis is focused at effect of time working hydrometric propeller between changes oil on measured velocity. From data what we have measured in laboratories of Department of water structures on the special small test track, we able to define size of measure bug, when we don´t change oil. One of outputs is graph of measure bug to measure time. Results of measure will be effect of oil.

A study has been conducted to compare conventional pavements and perpetual pavements with a particular emphasis on perpetual pavements. One of the main drawbacks of conventional pavements and motivations for this work is the maintenance required for hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements with sub-drainage systems. Perpetual pavements, as the name suggests, are designed with a long life. However, this is a relatively new concept and there are still many unknowns concerning their performance. This dissertation was written to answer some of the questions. The study examines structural response and performance of perpetual pavements. Also, deterioration and performance of perpetual pavements will be contrasted to conventional pavements. Empirical data from the National Center of Asphalt Technology (NCAT) Test Track study was obtained, analyzed and used as a basis for evaluating theoretical models. Computational models for both conventional and perpetual pavements were constructed and analyzed using the general purpose finite element analysis software ABAQUS. Geometry, materials and loading are modeled with sufficient accuracy. This research examined several types of responses of perpetual pavements. It extends the traditional criteria of pavement distress by suggesting that longitudinal strain at the surface of a pavement HMA layer as an important criterion. Shear strain was studied and it provides a reasonable explanation of some distresses in pavements. By studying the FEA results from conventional and perpetual pavements and a thorough investigation of the thickness effects, it provides some rationale on why strain at the top of thick pavements is critical. The effects of dynamic wheel loadings are presented. Finally, the effect of environment, specifically temperature and moisture, on perpetual pavements are studied.

This report presents the results and findings gathered during the master thesis work performed by Madeleine Jareblom at Scania CV AB in Södertälje. Scania is a developer and manufacturer of trucks and buses. They always strive to improve their testing and simulations for current and future products.  In order to predict the outcome or to analyse the performance of components or systems, simulation models are a powerful tool to use. Realistic and adaptive models are of great interest for Scania and this thesis will cover a steering system performance simulation capability. A steering system consist of a hand wheel, steering gear and linkages down to the steering wheels. The purpose of a steering gear is to ease the resistance a driver has to apply in order to steer the wheels.  There are a lot of different steering systems that are being used in vehicles these days but one of the more common ones is Electric Hydraulic Power Steering (EHPS) which this paper will cover. The simulation model is of an open loop design for an EHPS system that takes input data and divide them into separate calculation blocks. Static variables and data from vehicle measurements were used, together with some assumptions such as; front wheel steering, only applicable for trucks, no roll inclination, 2- or 3-axel vehicles and some static angels in the suspension geometry. During the construction phase of the model, calibrations were performed and there it was found that the friction in the system was load dependent. When the model was calibrated the final output results consisted of; calculated trajectory of the vehicle, the required output torque from the steering gear, input and output power of the steering system together with the consumed energy. From the results of the trajectory output it could be seen that the model is sensitive to small deviations of the handwheel angle and possible road banking. This entailed that the calculated trajectory did not resemble the driven path gathered from vehicle test data. The calculated output torque from the model, was validated with the use of measured pressure and supplier specifications for the steering gear. The results indicated that the calculation model could capture torques from the steering gear close to reality. It could be concluded that the model could be used to describe resulting torques, output and input power together with the consumed energy.

The diploma´s thesis deals with evaluation of adjusted track tamping technology and its comparison with currently used technology. This is based on track geometry parameters measuring and its vertical movement on the test section, which was created on double track Břeclav – Přerov near Rohatec station. On this test section one line was tamped with the currently used method within regular maintenance work and the second line was tamped with the adjusted technology. The technology modification is based on application of increased number of tamping tines squeezing strokes, which results in a creation of bigger and more compacted sleeper bed. The point of this thesis is to verify, that the speed of the track geometry parameters degradation is smaller in case of adjusted technology use. Thanks to that it would be possible to extend the maintenance cycles in case of compliance with track parameters maintenance limits and traffic safety.

Fahrerassistenzsysteme (FAS), wie zum Beispiel die „Aktive Gefahrenbremsung“, sollen dazu beitragen, das Fahren sicherer zu machen und die Anzahl an Unfällen und Verunglückten im Straßenverkehr weiter zu senken. Bei der Entwicklung von FAS muss neben der funktionalen Zuverlässigkeit des FAS sichergestellt werden, dass der Fahrer die Assistenzfunktion versteht und fehlerfrei benutzen kann. Zur Bestimmung geeigneter Systemauslegungen kommen in der Entwicklung Probandenversuche zum Einsatz, bei denen die zukünftigen Nutzer das FAS erleben und anschließend beurteilen. In dieser Arbeit wird die Eignung eines statischen Fahrsimulators für die Durchführung von Probandenversuchen zur Bewertung aktiv eingreifender FAS untersucht. Hierzu wurde ein Fahrversuch auf der Teststrecke und im statischen Fahrsimulator konzipiert, mit jeweils ca. 80 Probanden durchgeführt und die Ergebnisse bezüglich der Auswirkung des FAS „Aktive Gefahrenbremsung“ auf ausgewählte objektive und subjektive Kennwerte in der jeweiligen Versuchsumgebung vergleichend gegenübergestellt. Es zeigt sich, dass der statische Fahrsimulator prinzipiell für die Durchführung von Studien zur Bewertung aktiv eingreifender FAS geeignet ist. Als Ergebnis der Arbeit werden Erkenntnisse zur Aussagekraft der betrachteten Kennwerte sowie Empfehlungen zur Versuchsdurchführung im statischen Fahrsimulator gegeben.

Fahrerassistenzsysteme (FAS), wie zum Beispiel die „Aktive Gefahrenbremsung“, sollen dazu beitragen, das Fahren sicherer zu machen und die Anzahl an Unfällen und Verunglückten im Straßenverkehr weiter zu senken. Bei der Entwicklung von FAS muss neben der funktionalen Zuverlässigkeit des FAS sichergestellt werden, dass der Fahrer die Assistenzfunktion versteht und fehlerfrei benutzen kann. Zur Bestimmung geeigneter Systemauslegungen kommen in der Entwicklung Probandenversuche zum Einsatz, bei denen die zukünftigen Nutzer das FAS erleben und anschließend beurteilen. In dieser Arbeit wird die Eignung eines statischen Fahrsimulators für die Durchführung von Probandenversuchen zur Bewertung aktiv eingreifender FAS untersucht. Hierzu wurde ein Fahrversuch auf der Teststrecke und im statischen Fahrsimulator konzipiert, mit jeweils ca. 80 Probanden durchgeführt und die Ergebnisse bezüglich der Auswirkung des FAS „Aktive Gefahrenbremsung“ auf ausgewählte objektive und subjektive Kennwerte in der jeweiligen Versuchsumgebung vergleichend gegenübergestellt. Es zeigt sich, dass der statische Fahrsimulator prinzipiell für die Durchführung von Studien zur Bewertung aktiv eingreifender FAS geeignet ist. Als Ergebnis der Arbeit werden Erkenntnisse zur Aussagekraft der betrachteten Kennwerte sowie Empfehlungen zur Versuchsdurchführung im statischen Fahrsimulator gegeben.