Virtual group therapy offers multiple unique advantages to improving access to mental health care for Canadian youth and families. However, virtual environments may hinder the development of the type of relationships within groups that promote positive treatment outcomes. The present study explores the extent to, and ways in which, service providers working in the youth and family mental health sector in Eastern Ontario adapt to the unique characteristics of virtual environments in order to communicate effectively and develop therapeutic relationships. Secondary quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using a mixed-methods design. Survey responses (n = 58) and interview recordings (n =12) collected from service providers involved in the delivery of virtual groups for youth and families in response to COVID-19 were analyzed using a concurrent triangulation design. Descriptive statistics indicate service providers achieved moderate satisfaction regarding their ability to communicate and develop relationships within virtual groups, and that this ability was perceived as approximating in-person processes. Thematic analysis suggests that while virtual group environments involve unique challenges and and elevated complexity, facilitators adapt to virtual delivery by both employing diverse strategies and accepting certain limitations. The present study suggests that the unique challenges and complexities involved in virtual group-based therapy need not deter the implementation of virtual groups as a means of better addressing the mental health needs of Canadian youth and families.

No description available.

Purpose:                       The purpose of this study is to identify, define and describe the challenges of sustaining positive brand equity gained as an outcome of Cause-brand alliances. Therefore, this study is conducted from the perspective of companies engaging in Cause-brand alliances, with the aim to provide academic and managerial implications of managing brand equity over time following a Cause-brand alliance. Methodology:              This thesis performs qualitative research and uses a longitudinal research design in order to conduct exploratory research. A case study is conducted on Gina Tricot’s CBA with UNICEF. Data is collected through the use of both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data collection is conducted through semi-structured interviews that are formed and analysed through open coding and grounded theory. The secondary data is collected through an analysis of Gina Tricot’s social media, reports, external media and sustainability reports from the company participating in this case study. Empirical findings: The empirical findings demonstrate that Gina Tricot has issues capitalizing on their CBA with UNICEF. A result of some of the challenges Gina Tricot is facing in sustaining brand equity following a CBA, including difficulty in gaining coverage in the media, unreliability in motives, fear of consumer criticism, ineffective communication strategy, intangible projects and lack of marketing prioritization from top management. Conclusions:                The present study found indications that the benefits of CBA’s are not applicable to all industries. In order to gain brand equity, and sustain it following a CBA, it is of highest importance to overcome fear of public criticism and thus communicate the CBA to consumers by implementing an effective CSR communication strategy. Doing so requires prioritization from top management which can be challenging unless the CBA has proven results.

No / The 2004 Indian general elections stunned observers when, contrary to expectations, the ruling National Democratic Alliance (NDA) coalition government led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Prime Minister Atul Behari Vajpayee was defeated by an electoral coalition led by the Indian National Congress (INC) headed by Sonia Gandhi. A further surprise came when Gandhi declined to become India's first foreign-born prime minister, opting instead to back party stalwart Dr Manmohan Singh for this office. Dr Singh, India's first Sikh prime minister, now heads a United Progressive Alliance (UPA) coalition government headed by a cabinet containing 19 INC members and 10 members of smaller parties. Will the return to power of the INC after eight years in opposition (during three years of Left Front then five years of BJP/NDA rule) result in a shift of India's foreign and national security policies?

This study investigated temporal patterns of therapeutic alliance development across treatment and their relationship to outcome, and the relationship between client attachment styles and interpersonal problems and alliance strength and patterns across treatment. Sixty-six clients diagnosed with major depression participated in one of two 16-week treatment conditions: Process-experiential therapy and Cognitive-behavioural therapy. Results revealed two alliance “shape” patterns; Stable Linear and Steep Linear-Quadratic, as well as two alliance “shape and level” patterns; High Strength Linear-Quadratic and Low-to-Mid Strength Stable. Results indicated that the two alliance “shape” patterns did not differentially predict treatment outcome. With respect to “shape and level” patterns, results revealed that clients with a High Strength Linear-Quadratic alliance pattern had better treatment outcomes than clients with a Low-to-Mid Strength Stable alliance pattern. In terms of client attachment style, results indicated that clients with a Steep Linear-Quadratic “shape” pattern report more discomfort with closeness at pre-treatment. Further, clients with a High-Strength Linear-Quadratic “shape and level” pattern report more confidence and less need for approval at pre-treatment. With respect to client interpersonal problems, results revealed that clients with a Steep Linear- Quadratic “shape” pattern report being more cold and distant at pre-treatment and clients with a Low-Mid Strength Stable “shape and level” pattern report being more socially inhibited, less assertive, and more overly-accommodating at pre-treatment. Lastly, results revealed that specific client attachment characteristics and interpersonal problems differentially predict total average alliance strength as well as the average strength of the client and therapist bond across treatment.

This study investigated temporal patterns of therapeutic alliance development across treatment and their relationship to outcome, and the relationship between client attachment styles and interpersonal problems and alliance strength and patterns across treatment. Sixty-six clients diagnosed with major depression participated in one of two 16-week treatment conditions: Process-experiential therapy and Cognitive-behavioural therapy. Results revealed two alliance “shape” patterns; Stable Linear and Steep Linear-Quadratic, as well as two alliance “shape and level” patterns; High Strength Linear-Quadratic and Low-to-Mid Strength Stable. Results indicated that the two alliance “shape” patterns did not differentially predict treatment outcome. With respect to “shape and level” patterns, results revealed that clients with a High Strength Linear-Quadratic alliance pattern had better treatment outcomes than clients with a Low-to-Mid Strength Stable alliance pattern. In terms of client attachment style, results indicated that clients with a Steep Linear-Quadratic “shape” pattern report more discomfort with closeness at pre-treatment. Further, clients with a High-Strength Linear-Quadratic “shape and level” pattern report more confidence and less need for approval at pre-treatment. With respect to client interpersonal problems, results revealed that clients with a Steep Linear- Quadratic “shape” pattern report being more cold and distant at pre-treatment and clients with a Low-Mid Strength Stable “shape and level” pattern report being more socially inhibited, less assertive, and more overly-accommodating at pre-treatment. Lastly, results revealed that specific client attachment characteristics and interpersonal problems differentially predict total average alliance strength as well as the average strength of the client and therapist bond across treatment.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Logos Evangelical Seminary, 2003. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 252-267).

Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur professionella behandlare i en form av öppenvårdsinsats skapar och upprätthåller behandlingsallians med barn i sitt dagliga arbete. Syftet är även att undersöka behandlingsfrämjande faktorer samt relationens betydelse i behandlingsarbetet. Urvalet består av fem behandlare som arbetar med barn på en skola med behandling i Sverige. Material har insamlats med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer och analyserats med stöd av tematisk analys. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna som användes för att tolka resultatet var anknytningsteori och systemteori. Resultatet visar att behandlare arbetar med ett individanpassat förhållningssätt för att kunna passa varje barn som kommer till verksamheten. I grund och botten skapas behandlingsallians av en god relation som därefter utvecklas till behandlingsallians. Därmed ses relationen som en nyckel för behandlingsallians. Upprätthållande av behandlingsallians visar även det vara olika beroende på mottagare. Det som framkommer vara gemensamma behandlingsfrämjande faktorer för både skapande och upprätthållande är involvering av barnets vårdnadshavare, bidrag i form av verksamhetens ekonomiska stöd samt det kollegiala sammanhanget. För att barn ska ha rätt till det stöd denne behöver för att kunna utvecklas är det därför av yttersta vikt att behandlare arbetar för att passa barnets behov och inte tvärtom. / The purpose of this study is to study how professional social workers create and sustain treatment alliances within the outpatient care programs for the children during their daily work.The purpose is also to study treatment support factors including the importance of relationships in treatment work. The selections of the study consists of five treatment workers working alongside children in a school with treatment in Sweden. Data has been gathered with semi-structured interviews and analysed with thematic analysis. The theoretical methods used to interpret the results were attachment theory and systems theory. The results show that treatment workers work with an individualized approach customized for each child. Treatment alliance are created from a good relationship which then develop into a treatment alliance. Therefore a good relationship between treatment worker and child is vital for a treatment alliance. Upholding of a treatment alliance also has to be different according to each receiver of the treatment. What is shown to be mutual treatment support factors is the amount of involvement from the children's caretakers, economic support from the organization and collegial context. In order for the children to have claim to the support needed for them to develop, it is of utter importance that treatment workers adjust their methods to each child's needs and not the other way around.

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Now widely accepted as an independent field of specialization, the practice of supervision is viewed as the most important element in the development of counselor competence in career counseling. The bulk of our knowledge however, concerning the process of supervision has grown out of the psychology literature and this has guided the practice of supervision. The goal of this research is to extend the supervision research by investigating different aspects concerning the nature of the perceived supervisory working alliance and by investigating the possible relationship between the supervisory working alliance and impact (proposed as a variable predictive of outcome), as well as investigating whether supervisee shame-proneness could be found to be significantly related to the supervisory working alliance and impact. The participants in this research included 43 supervisees and 13 supervisors undergoing a 5-session supervisory process. The Internalized Shame Scale (ISS) was administered to the supervisees prior to the start of the supervision sessions and following the last supervision session as a measure of shame-proneness. The Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory-Trainee (SWAI-T) and Supervisor (SWAI-S) versions were used to measure the strength of reported supervisory working alliance and the Session Evaluation Questionnaire (SEQ) was used as a measure of impact immediately following each of the supervision sessions. Results from this research serve to highlight the importance supervisees place on having a safe and trusting environment for their supervision to be beneficial and suggests supervisors pay particular attention to this aspect of their supervisory alliance building for any meaningful learning to take place as well as to diminish the possible negative impacts of supervisee shame-proneness. Furthermore, this research suggest that the supervisory working alliance perceived by supervisees may be an important predictive factor for the outcome of supervision arguing for the importance supervisors should place on building and strengthening this process variable.