Despite their sudden growth in popularity, the role-playing actual-play podcasts have either been ignored or grouped with the genre of audio drama in prior scholarly works. Examination using frame analysis shows, however, that these podcasts are distinct in their engagement of the audience on multiple, simultaneous levels; levels which correspond with well-known media genres such as Documentary, Fiction, and Game Play. Each frame has its own layer of identities, conduct, and avenue for appealing to audiences just as these genres have their own distinct appeals. Through the combinations of these frames, familiar tropes and techniques such as Short-Form Improv and Campbell's monomyth are broadened and challenged, and identities become entangled in this post-modern medium. Delineating the features of these frames and exploring their interactions and interconnectivity not only helps to distinguish the actual-play podcast as its own distinct podcast genre, but also highlights the potential for using such frames or frame analysis in other media forms.

[ES] La imagen ha permeado en nuestro contexto insertándose y explotando en millones de pequeñas pantallas. Dentro de éstas, un ingente flujo constante e inabarcable de estímulos visuales a ritmo acelerado, hace que estemos rodeados por innumerables cantidades de ellas. La temporalidad ahora es inmediata y el espacio, un bucle. Los avances tecnológicos han propiciado una pérdida de corporeidad y un alejamiento de lo que, comúnmente, considerábamos humano. Lo que antes era tangible ahora ha pasado a ser presencia de luz. La superficialidad que ha generado este proceso ha derivado en una pérdida de lo concreto, una dinámica expansiva que ha cambiado nuestro modo de percibir la realidad, haciendo más difícil su concreción, acotación, o simple cognición. En esta era hipervisual, las imágenes son herramientas de dominación y de consumo, a través de ellas se ocupan espacios de visibilidad, se gestionan cánones o tendencias y se ejecutan intereses cruzados. La hegemonía de la imagen nos hace dependientes, nos evadimos y producimos (y nos producimos) a través de ellas. Esta investigación gira en torno a la relación entre imagen, poder y conocimiento, y en cómo nuestra realidad se produce social y estéticamente alrededor de lo visual. Expone planteamientos amalgamando pensamiento, referencias y contexto y reflexiona sobre las nuevas vías y posibilidades que se esbozan en un contexto mediado tecnológicamente. Las imágenes pasan ante nosotros casi sin darnos cuenta y sedimentan patrones, símbolos y significados. Fluctuando entre lo visible y lo no visible, la alfabetización visual evidencia como las imágenes modelan, afectan y manipulan el mundo en que vivimos. A través del pensamiento estético y disciplinas como la dirección de arte, este trabajo pretende desenmarañar el contexto de la imagen actual y hacer accesibles los engranajes de su funcionamiento. / [CA] La imatge ha permeat en el nostre context inserint-se i explotant en milions de petites pantalles. Dins d'aquestes, un ingent flux constant i inabastable d'estímuls visuals a ritme accelerat fa que estiguem envoltats per innombrables quantitats d'elles. La temporalitat és immediata i l'espai, un bucle. Els avanços tecnològics han propiciat una pèrdua de corporeïtat i un allunyament del que, comunament, consideràvem humà. Allò que abans era tangible ara ha passat a ser presència de llum. La superficialitat que ha generat aquest procés ha derivat en una pèrdua del que és concret, una dinàmica expansiva que ha canviat la nostra manera de percebre la realitat, fent més difícil la seva concreció, acotació, o simple cognició. En aquesta era hipervisual, les imatges són eines de dominació i de consum, mitjançant les quals s'ocupen espais de visibilitat, es gestionen cànons o tendències i s'executen interessos creuats. L'hegemonia de la imatge ens fa dependents, ens evadim i produïm (i ens produïm) a través d'ella. Aquesta investigació gira entorn de la relació entre imatge, poder i coneixement, i en com la nostra realitat es produeix socialment i estèticament al voltant d'allò visual. Exposa plantejaments amalgamant pensament, referències i context i reflexiona sobre les noves vies i possibilitats que s'esbossen en un context mediat tecnològicament. Les imatges passen davant nostre gairebé sense adonar-nos-en i sedimenten patrons, símbols i significats. Fluctuant entre allò visible i allò no visible, l'alfabetització visual evidencia com les imatges modelen, afecten i manipulen el món en què vivim. A través del pensament estètic i disciplines com la direcció d'art, aquest treball pretén desembullar el context de la imatge actual i fer accessibles els engranatges del seu funcionament. / [EN] The image has permeated our context, inserting itself and exploding on millions of small screens. Within these, a huge constant and unfathomable flow of visual stimuli at an accelerated pace, means that we are surrounded by innumerable amounts of them. Temporality is now immediate and space, a loop. Technological advances have led to a loss of corporeality and a distance from what we commonly considered human. What was previously tangible has now become a presence of light. The superficiality that this process has generated has resulted in a loss of the concrete, an expansive dynamic that has changed our way of perceiving reality, making its concretion, delimitation, or simple cognition more difficult. In this hypervisual era, images are tools of domination and consumption, through which spaces of visibility are occupied, canons or trends are managed and crossed interests are executed. The hegemony of the image makes us dependent, we escape and produce (and produce ourselves) through them. This research revolves around the relationship between image, power and knowledge, and how our reality is socially and aesthetically produced around the visual. It exposes approaches combining thought, references and context and reflects on the new paths and possibilities that are outlined in a technologically mediated context. The images pass before us almost without realizing it and sediment patterns, symbols and meanings. Fluctuating between the visible and the invisible, visual literacy shows how images shape, affect and manipulate the world in which we live. Through aesthetic thought and disciplines such as art direction, this work aims to unravel the context of the current image and make the gears of its operation accessible. / Aragó Miñana, MDM. (2023). Abrir la visión. Lo dado y lo posible: análisis, posibilidades y porvenir. La alfabetización para la imagen actual y futura [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/202192

The dissertation is devoted to the complex analysis of the semantics of foreign vocabulary in the modern Russian language. The actual thematic groups of borrowings, functioning in the space of the Urals city, were identified, their ideographic description was given, and function in modern urban advertising was substantiated. The features of the development of non-equivalent borrowing and borrowing with equivalents in the host language were shown. The semantics of tokens mainstream and performance in modern speech was analyzed and lexicographic portrait of these words was done. / Диссертация посвящена комплексному анализу семантики иноязычной лексики в современном русском языке. Выявлены актуальные тематические группы заимствований, функционирующих в пространстве уральского города, дано их идеографическое описание и обоснованы функции в современной городской рекламе. Показаны особенности освоения безэквивалентных заимствований и заимствований, имеющих эквиваленты в принимающем языке. Проанализирована семантика лексем мейнстрим и перформанс в современной речи и составлен лексикографический портрет этих слов.

The dissertation is devoted to the cultural study of Russian concept HONEY. The complex analysis of the semantics and functioning of the tokens HONEY was given. The structure of a concept was identified; its place in the Russian linguistic picture of the world was defined. Based on dictionaries of the Russian language, texts of modern journalism, as well as on the results of Psycholinguistic experiments was proven the dynamics of the semantic evolution of the word HONEY; were identified new meanings which are not recorded in the dictionaries. / Диссертация посвящена лингвокультурологическому исследованию русского концепта МЁД. Проведен комплексный анализ семантики и функционирования лексемы МЁД, выявлена структура концепта, показано его место в русской языковой картине мира. На материале словарей русского языка, текстов современной публицистики, а также по результатам психолингвистических экспериментов в диссертации доказана динамика семантического развития слова МЁД, выявлены новые смыслы, не зафиксированные толковыми словарями.

Reading is a past time activity that is popular all around the world. It is something thathelps us escape reality and put our focus elsewhere. When immersing yourself in afictional world, it can be intriguing to think of how it was created. When we think ofworld-building, we think especially of fantasy works such as The Lord of The Rings orSF classics such as Dune takes place. But what about fictional worlds that are closer tothe world known by its readers? Ernest Hemingway based his novel The Old Man andThe Sea on the actual world, which makes it believable and relatable. Most previousstudiesfocus on underlying meanings of the narrative, on metaphors orstylistic choices.It is a novel that is narratively limited to one man and a fish out in the open ocean, butit still feels as if the world surrounding them is vast. Hemingway was known for usinga simple style when creating his fictional worlds and this essay will try to comprehendhow he managed to create such an intricate world by following one simple fishermanand his struggle with the biggest fish of his life. In this essay I will argue that the useof an emic point of view – using the perception of the protagonist Santiago – invitesthe reader to recenter to one point in this vast world, while the occasional intrusion ofan etic perspective establishes a connection between the narrator and reader thatlocalizes Santiago’s point of view.

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No description available.

<p>Navigation is a very important area of spatial information research that presents researchers with a number of challenges. One of these challenges concerns the nature of spatial information encoding itself: is such encoding the result of a single mechanism system, a two-mechanism system or possibly a mixed system? One possible avenue of insight into this problem centers on the disorientation effect as described in Wang & Spelke (2000). A quick survey of basic findings, terminating with Waller & Hodgson (2006), indicates that there seem to be two systems at work. Moreover, the results obtained are based upon experiments carried out in actual reality. A virtual reality experiment was designed in an attempt to replicate the findings described in Waller & Hodgson (2006). The experiment is described in detail and its results are presented. These were found to be sufficiently reliable to justify pointing to a potentially rich field for future research, including such techniques as combining VR with fMRI to achieve more fine-grained results that cannot currently be obtained from the direct use of actual reality only. Underlying factors such as experimental control and data presentation are briefly described in the discussion section.</p> / Master of Science (MS)

The main focus of this study concerns the contribution of focalisation to the creation of fictional worlds through the combination of the “building blocks” of a fictional world, namely the central focalising and focalised character(s), focalised social contexts, events and spaces, in Hermann Hesse’s Demian (1919), Narziß und Goldmund (1930), E.L. Doctorow’s Welcome to Hard Times (1960) and Homer & Langley (2009). The relationship between the focalisers and their social contexts influence their human, subjective perspectives and represented perceptions of their textual actual worlds. Focalisation is constructive in the synergistic relationship between the “building blocks” that leads to the creation of fictional worlds. Chapter 2 discusses the theoretical basis of the thesis which is formed by the concepts of M. Ryan, L. Doležel, R. Ronen and T.G. Pavel with regard to possible worlds and fictional worlds. G. Genette’s and M. Bal’s theories provide the foundation of this study with regard to this concept as regards focalisation. Chapter 3 contextualises focalisation and fictional worlds as possible worlds in Hesse’s and Doctorow’s fiction and as such constitutes part of a twofold basis for the following analyses and comparisons. Four textual analyses of the individual novels by Hesse and Doctorow then follow. In the textual analysis of Demian the notions of M. Bal, M. Ryan and A. Nünning provide a theoretical basis that is specifically relevant for the argument that through his consciousness the individual, Emil Sinclair, creates the fictional world, i.e. by “transforming” textual actual world components into individualised fictional world ones. The views of Viktor Frankl, feminist activists against prostitution such as M. Farley, M.A. Baldwin and C.A. MacKinnon as well as the views of Talcott Parsons (in conjunction with those of G.M. Platt and N.J. Smelser) offer a theoretical underpinning for the analysis of the social context as the product of the mindset in the community in Doctorow’s Welcome to Hard Times and the mindset of the focaliser, Blue, that concurs with the mindset of the community. Focalised events are considered as psychologically credible and as contributing to the fictional world in Hesse’s Narziß und Goldmund. In this textual analysis the theoretical points of departure were based on theories proposed by D. Cohn, M. Ryan and S. Chatman. Concepts advanced by J. Lothe, J. Lotman, H. Lefebvre, L. Doležel, N. Wolterstorff and D. Coste comprise the theoretical basis of the analysis of social spaces in Doctorow’s Homer & Langley. Chapter 8 consists of comparative analyses of the said focalised “building blocks” of Hesse’s and Doctorow’s novels. The analyses and comparisons argue that focalising characters “filter” their actual worlds and “transform” them through their individualistic and subjective representations, as actual people do. Even if characters are “non-actual individuals” their mindsets or physical, social and mental properties (Margolin, 1989:4) are like those of actual people, i.e. “psychologically credible”. Ryan (1991:45) identifies “psychological credibility” or “a plausible portrayal of human psychology” as an “accessibility relation”, i.e. one that allows the mental properties of a fictional character to be accessible from and possible for the actual world. The interaction between a focalising character and his social context that affects his consciousness and focalisation is comparable to the interaction between a hypothetical actual person and his social world, that would also influence his mindset and how he communicates about the actual world. Perspectives of characters such as Sinclair, Blue, Goldmund and Homer Collyer are recognisable to hypothetical actual world readers as psychologically credible. In the light of Bal’s (1990:9) argument that the whole text content is related to the (focalising) character(s), one could say that the elements of a textual actual world become, as it were, focalised “building blocks” of the fictional world. The central finding is that focalisation contributes to the creation of fictional worlds. The relationship between a fictional world and the actual one becomes apparent in literary texts through focalisation that transforms the textual actual world and its elements, i.e. the central (self-focalising) character, the social context, events and space(s), through a focaliser’s consciousness. The focaliser’s consciousness in Hesse’s and Doctorow’s fiction is marked by psychological credibility. A fictional world is comparable to the actual world with regard to other accessibility relations that Ryan (cf. 1991:31-47) identifies, but focalisation specifically allows a fictional world to become possible in actual world terms by creating credibility of this kind. A fictional world is plausible not in mimetic terms, as a factual text presents itself to be, but in possible terms, i.e. through the comparability of human psychology in fictional worlds and the actual world. Focalisation significantly contributes to the creation of a fictional world through the interaction between psychologically credible subjectivity and the imaginary level of the text on which the textual actual world obtains human value through focalisation. A fictional world is, in this sense, a possible world and, in fact, comes about through being a possible world. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Applied Language and Literary Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

The main focus of this study concerns the contribution of focalisation to the creation of fictional worlds through the combination of the “building blocks” of a fictional world, namely the central focalising and focalised character(s), focalised social contexts, events and spaces, in Hermann Hesse’s Demian (1919), Narziß und Goldmund (1930), E.L. Doctorow’s Welcome to Hard Times (1960) and Homer & Langley (2009). The relationship between the focalisers and their social contexts influence their human, subjective perspectives and represented perceptions of their textual actual worlds. Focalisation is constructive in the synergistic relationship between the “building blocks” that leads to the creation of fictional worlds. Chapter 2 discusses the theoretical basis of the thesis which is formed by the concepts of M. Ryan, L. Doležel, R. Ronen and T.G. Pavel with regard to possible worlds and fictional worlds. G. Genette’s and M. Bal’s theories provide the foundation of this study with regard to this concept as regards focalisation. Chapter 3 contextualises focalisation and fictional worlds as possible worlds in Hesse’s and Doctorow’s fiction and as such constitutes part of a twofold basis for the following analyses and comparisons. Four textual analyses of the individual novels by Hesse and Doctorow then follow. In the textual analysis of Demian the notions of M. Bal, M. Ryan and A. Nünning provide a theoretical basis that is specifically relevant for the argument that through his consciousness the individual, Emil Sinclair, creates the fictional world, i.e. by “transforming” textual actual world components into individualised fictional world ones. The views of Viktor Frankl, feminist activists against prostitution such as M. Farley, M.A. Baldwin and C.A. MacKinnon as well as the views of Talcott Parsons (in conjunction with those of G.M. Platt and N.J. Smelser) offer a theoretical underpinning for the analysis of the social context as the product of the mindset in the community in Doctorow’s Welcome to Hard Times and the mindset of the focaliser, Blue, that concurs with the mindset of the community. Focalised events are considered as psychologically credible and as contributing to the fictional world in Hesse’s Narziß und Goldmund. In this textual analysis the theoretical points of departure were based on theories proposed by D. Cohn, M. Ryan and S. Chatman. Concepts advanced by J. Lothe, J. Lotman, H. Lefebvre, L. Doležel, N. Wolterstorff and D. Coste comprise the theoretical basis of the analysis of social spaces in Doctorow’s Homer & Langley. Chapter 8 consists of comparative analyses of the said focalised “building blocks” of Hesse’s and Doctorow’s novels. The analyses and comparisons argue that focalising characters “filter” their actual worlds and “transform” them through their individualistic and subjective representations, as actual people do. Even if characters are “non-actual individuals” their mindsets or physical, social and mental properties (Margolin, 1989:4) are like those of actual people, i.e. “psychologically credible”. Ryan (1991:45) identifies “psychological credibility” or “a plausible portrayal of human psychology” as an “accessibility relation”, i.e. one that allows the mental properties of a fictional character to be accessible from and possible for the actual world. The interaction between a focalising character and his social context that affects his consciousness and focalisation is comparable to the interaction between a hypothetical actual person and his social world, that would also influence his mindset and how he communicates about the actual world. Perspectives of characters such as Sinclair, Blue, Goldmund and Homer Collyer are recognisable to hypothetical actual world readers as psychologically credible. In the light of Bal’s (1990:9) argument that the whole text content is related to the (focalising) character(s), one could say that the elements of a textual actual world become, as it were, focalised “building blocks” of the fictional world. The central finding is that focalisation contributes to the creation of fictional worlds. The relationship between a fictional world and the actual one becomes apparent in literary texts through focalisation that transforms the textual actual world and its elements, i.e. the central (self-focalising) character, the social context, events and space(s), through a focaliser’s consciousness. The focaliser’s consciousness in Hesse’s and Doctorow’s fiction is marked by psychological credibility. A fictional world is comparable to the actual world with regard to other accessibility relations that Ryan (cf. 1991:31-47) identifies, but focalisation specifically allows a fictional world to become possible in actual world terms by creating credibility of this kind. A fictional world is plausible not in mimetic terms, as a factual text presents itself to be, but in possible terms, i.e. through the comparability of human psychology in fictional worlds and the actual world. Focalisation significantly contributes to the creation of a fictional world through the interaction between psychologically credible subjectivity and the imaginary level of the text on which the textual actual world obtains human value through focalisation. A fictional world is, in this sense, a possible world and, in fact, comes about through being a possible world. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Applied Language and Literary Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.