Thesis (M.F.A.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 1990. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 33).

A la base de cette étude, il y a le thème de la figure, entrevu comme le fondement possible d'une théorie de l‘architecture. Il s'agit de démontrer que toute architecture peut être décrite en terme de figure, dans laquelle résident ses propres règles et que ces règles découlent du sens qu'elle s'assigne ou dont elle est porteuse. On construit pour cela un modèle où les figures s'organisent entre elles au sein de structures appelées dispositifs. Comme dans tout modèle d'analyse morphologique, on effectue un découpage du champ de l'architecture en éléments premiers, qui s'organisent entre eux suivant des types de relations. Ce modèle théorique va être confronté à la description de tout type d'édifice (en fait une série définie dans un corpus) afin de pourvoir en retracer le sens et les principes. Après avoir examiné un certain nombre de figures, on va tenter d'en comprendre la logique, d'essayer de retracer le système dont elles relèvent. On va ensuite chercher à inventorier les relations structurelles, c'est à dire les rapports entre caractéristiques géométriques, éléments architectoniques, dispositions et configurations spatiales, et les significations qu'elles recouvrent. Après avoir reconnu les thèmes que déclinent ces rapports, on va analyser la nature profonde de ces rapports. Les catégories résultant des modes de composition observables dans l'architecture moderne du XXème siècle peuvent être envisagées selon les modalités décrites, c'est à dire d'un art de la composition signifiante parallèle à la simple rhétorique formelle ; différente en cela de la composition “classique“ à l'image du calcul des nombres complexes qui comporte une partie imaginaire. Il s'agit d'analyser les modes de composition dans leurs potentialités à produire du sens en générant des structures architecturales pouvant être réutilisées et réinterprétées dans toute une série d'œuvres possibles. Après avoir examiné la notion de figure à l'échelle de l'édifice, on va s'interroger sur la valeur de ce concept à l'échelle de la ville, et ce qu'il nous révèle. Sans faire l'inventaire historique de la forme urbaine, on va tenter de développer trois aspects particuliers de la figure appliquée à la ville, par rapport à la manière dont elle se présente dans des contextes donnés : la forme globale dans ce qu'elle reflète, soit la figure symbolique ; la ville comme programme, c'est à dire la propriété qu'a la figure de véhiculer l'information, de transcrire une description dans une forme mentale ; et la ville comme récit, soit la figure utopique qui s'attache à une fiction, dont la non-concurrence spatiale devient la modalité de composition. Nous avons ici les deux instances que nous allons envisager et illustrer par les figures qu'elles mettent en jeu dans les villes de fondation d'une part, et les villes idéales d'autre part. / L'auteur n'a pas fourni de résumé en anglais

: Depuis la fin des années 1980, la SNCF s’est engagée dans un processus de refonte de son modèle managérial. Cette mutation progressive de l’entreprise ferroviaire s’est traduite par un appel à l’évolution des pratiques managériales et du rôle joué par les encadrants de premiers niveaux dans le fonctionnement de l’organisation. À travers ces évolutions, une nouvelle figure de l’agent comme sujet singulier et subjectif s’est peu à peu instituée au sein de l’entreprise. Cette thèse porte sur les formes actuelles des identités professionnelles des encadrants en proximité à l’aune de ces transformations institutionnelles récentes. Dans une démarche clinique centrée sur l’analyse des constructions subjectives des sujets, nous y analysons l’ambiguïté du rapport entretenu par les encadrants en proximité à cette figure inédite de l’agent. Ces contenus institutionnels viennent ainsi légitimer chez les professionnels interrogés, un rapport à l’équipe caractérisé par sa logique communautaire. Simultanément, ils fragilisent les encadrants dans leur affiliation au groupe dirigeant tout en les exposant à des angoisses internes liées notamment à la charge mentale que représentent les problématiques intimes que leur adressent leurs agents. En outre, notre travail de recherche interroge l’émergence d’une nouvelle figure protéenne de l’encadrement en proximité, se recomposant sans cesse dans la manière dont elle donne à voir ses affiliations, ses postures, son rapport à l’équipe et à l’entreprise. Notre enquête porte également sur les sentiments d’impuissance et de déclassement que produisent, sur les encadrants en proximité, les logiques et le cadre juridique propres à l’entreprise ferroviaire, notamment en matière de protection des salariés. Enfin, nous interrogeons les postures sacrificielles adoptées par certains professionnels en tant que réponses à ce fonctionnement institutionnel singulier / Since the end of the 1980s, SNCF has been committed to renewing its managerial model. This railway company progressive mutation resulted into a call to managerial practise’s evolution; the evolution also concerned the supervisors' role in the running of the organization. Through these evolutions, a new figure of the agent as a singular and subjective subject has gradually been established within the company. Our thesis focuses on the current forms of professional identities of proximity supervisors to the yardstick of these recent institutional transformations. In a clinical approach focused on the study of the subjective constructions of the subjects, we analyze the ambiguity of the relationship maintained by proximity supervisors to this new figure of the agent. The institutional contents come to legitimate, among the interviewed professionals, a connection to the team characterized by a community logic. Simultaneously, they weaken the supervisors in their affiliation to the leading group and expose them to internal anxieties due in particular to the mental burden represented by the intimate problems addressed to them by their agents. In addition, our research questions the emergence of a new Protée’s figure of the proximity supervisor, constantly recomposing herself in the way in which she reveals her affiliations, her postures, her relationships with the team and the company. Our field survey is also about the powerlessness and downgrading feelings produced by the juridical frame and logic proper to the railway company, specifically regarding employee’s protection, on the proximity supervisors. Finally, we question the sacrificial postures adopted by certain professionals as answers to this particular institutional functioning.

No description available.

This study is an attempt to analyze the novels of Juan Valera y Alcala Galiano, with particular attention to the characterization of the principal figures.

AIMS OF THE STUDY I. To investigate the attitudes of three groups of adolescents from different ethnic backgrounds viz. Asian, English and West Indian, towards certain authority-figures in Bristol - parents, school teachers and police-officers. II. To determine whether Asian and West Indian adolescents are positive or negative in their attitudes towards these authority- figures. III. To account for any differences in attitudes between the groups' evaluations/ratings of the eight authority-figures. METHODOLOGY There are two main parts to the current study. The first stage involves the elicitation of personal constructs from 200 adolescents - girls and boys 15-16 years. These adolescents completed the Role Title Grids which consisted of the authority- figures. Personal constructs describing them were elicited. Five independent judges selected personal constructs which they considered to be representative of the three groups. These were used in constructing the rating grid or scale. The second stage of the investigation was the administration of the rating grid to two hundred and seventy-one (271) adolescents in five (5) comprehensive schools in Bristol. RESULTS I. Descriptive statistics were used in Stage 1 of the analysis of the data to establish trends and differences between the groups. Means and standard deviations were computed which indicated that there were differences between the groups for the authority-figures - headmaster/deputy head, female/male teacher and policeman/policewoman. II. Two by two 'Analysis of Variance' was undertaken in order to find out how significant these differences were. The "F ratios" obtained showed that the differences between Asian and English, as well as Asian and West Indian were significant at the .05 level of significance. III. The "One Tailed 't' test" was used to identify which group(s) these differences could be associated with - in respect of authority-figures. The results showed that the differences could be associated with the West Indian and English groups. IV. Cross-tabulation and (x2) Chi Square statistics were used to establish the frequency with which each group use personal construct(s) in evaluating or rating authority-figures. The results show that Asians responded 'favourable' to the attitude constructs in the evaluation of all the eights authority figures. whereas the West Indians and English responded 'unfavourable' to six of the authority figures.

This MFA project aims to express a particular range of emotions in an attempt to convey a sense of timelessness through a series of single figure paintings done from life. This project derives from an interest in exploring the concept of timelessness. Jean Baptiste Simeon Chardin's Little Girl with Shuttlecock, 1737, gave me the idea to convey timelessness figuratively. The project has employed some of the strategies established by both Chardin and Johannes Vermeer's single figure paintings in relation to composition and design, colour and tone, the brush mark and the narrative. Nevertheless, the expression of stillness is vital in conveying a sense of timelessness.

This research undertakes to examine factors that contribute to make Australian national and cultural identity: shared history, narratives symbols, icons, places and memories that are united by a single political and geographical boundary. In particular, it considers the role of place on Australian national and cultural identity. This is a timely exercise since 'Australianess' is increasingly cited as a factor in federal government policy development. In order to address such a broad and complex area, the agenda has been limited to three specific locations: the beach, the verandah and the backyard. These sites have been selected first because of their prominent iconic status within the notion of 'Australianess' and, second, because of the underlying functional parallels that unite them. The present thesis contends that, unlike the function-specific sites where identity is neutralised by globalised standards of appearance, behaviour and harsh fluorescent light, the beach, the verandah and the backyard are ambiguous zones of in between that provide escape, shelter as well as spiritual sanctuary. The figures engage with the nominated locations in accordance with the significance, the meanings that they ascribe to that particular site. These meanings, however, vary greatly from person to person and from demographic to demographic, hence, the grasp of a universally binding sense of identity becomes a slippery proposition. National and cultural seity - the way we are and the way we perceive ourselves as a unified collective - is conditional to a number of factors, the most enduring and pervasive of these is the sense of place, the landscape, the way we affect it and, reciprocally, the way it affects us. National and cultural identity is never static, but remains in a state of perpetual evolution. It must be continually re-assessed in order to remain abreast of the cultural palimpsest as successive waves and generations of people from a variety of backgrounds, situations, ideas and forms of expression inscribe notions of self into their immediate environment.

Figure skating is considered to be a physically and psychologically demanding sport. It has been estimated that 50% 78% of figure skating injuries could be prevented. It is suggested that off-ice training may reduce injury risk. The primary aim of this project was to identify incidence and occurrence of injury in female competitive and recreational solo figure skaters. The secondary aim was to identify the role of off-ice training and its association with injury and level of skating. The third aim was to investigate associations between injury, age and maturity.<p> Competitive (n=14) and STARSkate (n=17) Saskatchewan female solo figure skaters, age range 10-18 reported their injury and training data in retrospective questionnaires for a period of 9 months. The injury rate per 100 hours of training was 0.26 for competitive figure skaters (CFSs) and 0.44 for StarSkate figure skaters (SSFSs). The injured skaters were significantly older, more mature and heavier than non-injured figure skaters (p<0.05) and had been involved in figure skating for 8 or more years. There were 21 figure skating-related injuries (57% overuse and 43% acute) reported by SSFSs (8 overuse and 4 acute) and CFSs (4 overuse and 5 acute).<p> There were no significant associations between the number of overuse injuries sustained and the level of skating, (÷2 = 0.003, p>0.05) and no significant associations between the number of acute injuries sustained by the CFS and SSFS groups (÷2 = 0.053, p>0.05). There were no significant associations found between the number of injuries sustained by the CFS and SSFS groups that followed or did not follow Skate Canada Long-term Athlete Development Model off-ice training recommendations (15 minutes off-ice training for every on-ice hour) (÷2 = 2.801, p>0.05).<p> SSFSs sustained more overuse injuries (8) than CFSs (4) and participated in significantly less hours of off-ice training and spent less time stretching. The overuse injury rates for 100 hours of off-ice training were 1.75 for SSFSs and 0.41 for CFSs. These findings suggest that more off-ice training in CFSs could have possibly served as an overuse injury prevention component in the cohort of this study.

Figure skating is considered to be a physically and psychologically demanding sport. It has been estimated that 50% 78% of figure skating injuries could be prevented. It is suggested that off-ice training may reduce injury risk. The primary aim of this project was to identify incidence and occurrence of injury in female competitive and recreational solo figure skaters. The secondary aim was to identify the role of off-ice training and its association with injury and level of skating. The third aim was to investigate associations between injury, age and maturity.<p> Competitive (n=14) and STARSkate (n=17) Saskatchewan female solo figure skaters, age range 10-18 reported their injury and training data in retrospective questionnaires for a period of 9 months. The injury rate per 100 hours of training was 0.26 for competitive figure skaters (CFSs) and 0.44 for StarSkate figure skaters (SSFSs). The injured skaters were significantly older, more mature and heavier than non-injured figure skaters (p<0.05) and had been involved in figure skating for 8 or more years. There were 21 figure skating-related injuries (57% overuse and 43% acute) reported by SSFSs (8 overuse and 4 acute) and CFSs (4 overuse and 5 acute).<p> There were no significant associations between the number of overuse injuries sustained and the level of skating, (÷2 = 0.003, p>0.05) and no significant associations between the number of acute injuries sustained by the CFS and SSFS groups (÷2 = 0.053, p>0.05). There were no significant associations found between the number of injuries sustained by the CFS and SSFS groups that followed or did not follow Skate Canada Long-term Athlete Development Model off-ice training recommendations (15 minutes off-ice training for every on-ice hour) (÷2 = 2.801, p>0.05).<p> SSFSs sustained more overuse injuries (8) than CFSs (4) and participated in significantly less hours of off-ice training and spent less time stretching. The overuse injury rates for 100 hours of off-ice training were 1.75 for SSFSs and 0.41 for CFSs. These findings suggest that more off-ice training in CFSs could have possibly served as an overuse injury prevention component in the cohort of this study.