Este trabalho analisa como ocorre a interação entre Sistemas Locais de Produção (SLPs) e as cadeias produtivas globais, com vistas a identificar quais os impactos para a estrutura produtiva local das diversas formas de inserção das empresas nos mercados. Assim, tanto elementos endógenos aos SLPs, quando elementos exógenos foram analisados. Para se compreender este fenômeno foram identificadas as trajetórias de desenvolvimento (escolhas tecnológicas, de produtos, estratégias de negócio e as estruturas organizacionais) e as capacitações (conhecimentos, habilidades, práticas e rotinas) adquiridas pelas empresas ao longo do tempo, as formas de organização e atuação dos agentes locais e dos agentes não-locais. O levantamento de campo foi realizado com empresas da indústria de móveis de dois SLPs: Bento Gonçalves (RS) e São Bento do Sul (SC). Estas duas localidades foram escolhidas pois além de terem importante participação na produção e exportação de móveis do país, apresentam trajetórias de desenvolvimento diferentes. As empresas localizadas em SLPs que comercializam os produtos a partir de diversos canais de comercialização, apresentam estrutura produtiva bastante heterogênea e as capacitações internas desenvolvidas são diversas. Devido a tal configuração há abertura para atuação dos organismos de apoio que desenvolvem diversos projetos para apoiar o desenvolvimento das capacitações das empresas. Já as empresas localizadas em SLPs cujo canal de colocação dos produtos no mercado é a partir de agentes de exportação, têm estrutura produtiva mais homogênea e as capacitações desenvolvidas são centradas em áreas produtivas. Assim, a abertura para atuação dos organismos locais não existe e as ações que são implementadas são inócuas. Portanto, os agentes não locais influenciam diretamente na competitividade das empresas e nos limites ao desenvolvimento local. / This work focus the interection of Local Productive Systems (LPSs) and global productive chains, in order to identify the impacts to local productive struture from the differents forms of firms market access. Thus, endogenous and exogenous elements from LPSs were analyzed. To understand this phenomenom were analyzed the development path (strategic, products, technologies choices and organization structure) and the capacity (knowledge, abilities, practices and routines) acquired by firms with the time by, and were considerated the organization and action of local and non-local agents. The survey had been done with firms and organisms from furniture industry in two brasilian LPSs: Bento Gonçalves (RS) and São Bento do Sul (SC). Both locations were choseen because they are important to the furniture production and exportation, and they had differents development paths. Firms from LPS that commercialize their products with differents forms, present heterogeneous prodctive struture, and develop a large range of capacities. The supportive organisms develop differents projects to support the firms. Firms form LPS that mainly exports their products through export agents, have homogeneous productive struture and the development of capacities are centered in productive areas. Thus, the organisms do not act with deliberate joint action.Therefore, non local agents influence directaly the competitiveness of firms and limitate local development

O processo de desenvolvimento de produtos é um importante fator para aumentar a competitividade das empresas e tem se tornado cada vez mais crítico devido ao aumento da variedade e à redução do ciclo de vida dos produtos. Um processo de desenvolvimento de produto que agregue valor ao cliente por intermédio da redução do desperdicio torna-se estratégico para a competividade das empresas. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o processo de desenvolvimento de produto em seis empresas moveleiras no polo de Bento Gonçalves. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa exploratória a partir de estudo de casos multiplos cujos dados foram coletados mediante entrevistas. De acordo com o referencial abordado e a análise realizada, foi utilizado como base o Sistema Toyota de Desenvolvimento de Produto, descrito por Morgan e Liker (2008), o qual discute a eliminação dos desperdícios e o valor agregado para o cliente. O propósito deste trabalho é a apresentação de um estudo para analisar o desenvolvimento de produto nas empresas moveleiras sob a ótica do Sistema Toyota de Desenvolvimento de Produto, uma vez que essas organizações atuam em mercados exigentes quanto à rapidez, variedade e preços competitivos. Dessa forma, o estudo contribui à área da Administração na medida em que sua aplicação pode trazer beneficios quanto ao entendimento do que realmente significa valor para o cliente, identificando o Sistema Toyota de Desenvolvimento de Produto como uma possibilidade factível para analisar o desenvolvimento de produto nas empresas moveleiras. / The process of product development is an important factor to boost a company's competitive edge and has become increasingly critical due to the growing range and reduced lifecycle of products. A process of product development that adds value to the customer by eliminating waste becomes strategic for the competitiveness of companies. In this context, this research aims at analyzing the process of product development in six furniture companies in the Bento Gonçalves hub. Therefore, we developed an exploratory research through multiple case studies in which data was collected through interviews. According to the references and the analysis performed, we based our study on the Toyota Product Development System described by Morgan and Liker (2008), which discusses waste elimination and customer added value. The contribution of this work is the presentation of a study to analyze product development in furniture companies under the approach of the Toyota Product Development System, since these companies operate in demanding markets that require speed, range and competitive prices. Thus, the study contributes to the extent that its application can bring benefits to companies so as to help them understand what customers consider a value, identifying the Toyota Product Development System as a feasible possibility to analyze product development in the furniture companies.

A review of the academic literature related to “strategic leadership” reveals that the performance of an organization will indeed be influenced by the application of this phenomenon. This thesis confines its research to a case study on Ellerine Holdings Limited, a multi-billion rand enterprise that trades in the competitive Southern African furniture retail industry. Following the 2007 acquisition of Ellerine Holdings Limited (EHL) by African Bank Investments Limited (ABIL), a new Chief Executive Officer (CEO) was appointed to develop and to lead the strategic changes that were envisioned for EHL. The research examines how the performance of EHL has been influenced since the appointment of Toni Fourie as the new CEO in February 2008. Boasting a reputation borne from his previous successes in organizational transformation, Fourie was ABIL’s first-choice leader for this challenge. Fourie displays qualities, attributes, behaviours and traits that are characterized by the phenomenon of “strategic leadership”. He has been the focus of media attention for the aggressive strategic changes that he has introduced within the organization. A quantitative analysis of EHL’s financial performance (between 2007 and 2009) indicated that there was a constant decline in the organization’s PBT (Profit Before Taxation) during the period observed. However, the research determined that turbulent conditions in the macro-economic environment (such as the global economic recession in 2008 and 2009) complemented by mitigating micro-economic factors, would have adversely skewed the conclusions in this document if the research was limited to quantitative analysis alone. Hence, the researcher explored a qualitative research framework by collecting and assimilating data from available documentation, and from formal interviews that were conducted with research participants representing the organization’s new leadership. These participants included the new CEO, Fourie, and the new Director of Strategy, Dr. Louis Carstens. Information was also obtained from informal discussions that were conducted with other senior executives, and with an ex general manager of one of EHL’s business units, who was based in the Eastern Cape region at the time. An examination of all of this data concluded that although Ellerine Holdings Limited was not achieving all of its financialperformance objectives, there was general consensus that the CEO’s strategic choices would yield the desired financial results from the mediumterm (namely, year-03 of his tenure) onwards. The CEO’s optimism and conviction that his strategic interventions will address long-term financial sustainability is shared by both EHL’s internal and external stakeholders. It emerged that EHL’s stakeholders were satisfied with the accelerated progress reflected in the organization’s non-financial performance indices. These indicators included the sowing of a new organizational culture; improved cost-base efficiencies; labour productivity; customer satisfaction; employee empowerment; innovation and creative thinking; collaborative and participative engagement; structural rationalization, and the introduction of new processes and procedures. The research from the EHL case study concluded that the phenomenon of strategic leadership can have a positive influence on various qualitative indicators within an organization. The research also determined that despite unforeseen conditions in both the macro and micro economic environments, an effective strategic leadership will remain committed to its vision, and resilient to its critics and competitors. This research further concludes that successful organizational transformation (within a macro enterprise) is ostensibly dependent on the interventions of a strategic leader who displays a specialist set of skills and behaviours. These strategic leaders have the ability to successfully shift the cognitive paradigms of their employees, thereby creating an enabling environment for the implementation of their strategic choices.

Till följd av att Europeiska unionen försöker uppnå de globala klimatmål som ställts i och med Agenda 2030, uppkommer även förslaget Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulations (ESPR) av den Europeiska kommissionen. Förordningen har i mål att skapa en större hållbarhet på den europeiska produktmarknaden genom att kravställa redovisning som kan främja cirkularitet inom framtida produktlivscykler. Med ESPR framkommer även begreppet kring digitala produktpass (DPP), en digital representation av en fysisk produkt som redovisar produktrelaterad data i syfte av att främja cirkularitet, transparens och mer hållbara konsumentmönster. Det digitala produktpasset är en central del av ESPR och gäller för samtliga produkter som säljs på den europeiska marknaden. Denna studie har undersökt hur ett praktiskt fall av implementation av digitala produktpass har tagit form hos en svensk, medelstor möbeltillverkare. Studien har undersökt hur dynamiken, som uppstått på grund av ESPR i en tillverkningsbaserad sektor, tagit form och vilka förberedelser, problem samt möjligheter som uppstått i och med förordningen. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med centrala aktörer inom IT- och möbelproduktion har studien identifierat kritiska områden kring behovet av standardisering, utmaningar som medföljer teknologin samt osäkerheter kring validitet av data. Trots de tekniska och organisatoriska hinder som uppkommit, visar resultatet även på fördelar och möjligheter med DPP såsom ökad hållbarhet, större tillförlitlighet till kunder samt möjligheter till utökade och effektivisering av befintliga affärsprocesser och affärsmodeller. / In response to the European Union’s efforts to meet the global climate goals set forth by Agenda 2030, the European Commission has introduced the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulations (ESPR). The regulation aims to enhance sustainability in the European product market by requiring disclosures that can promote circularity in future product life cycles. With the introduction of ESPR, the concept of Digital Product Passports (DPP) emerged. A digital representation of a physical product that documents product-related data with the goal of promoting circularity, transparency, and more sustainable consumer patterns. The digital product passport is a central part of the ESPR and will apply to all products sold on the European market. This study has examined a practical case of how implementing digital product passports has taken shape at a medium-sized Swedish furniture manufacturer. The study explores the dynamics that have arisen due to ESPR in a manufacturing-based sector, examining the preparations done, problems that have arisen and opportunities that have emerged due to the regulation. Through semi-structured, qualitative interviews with key actors within IT and furniture production, the study has identified critical areas concerning the need for standardization, challenges associated with the technology and uncertainties regarding validity of data. Despite technical and organizational obstacles that have arisen, the results of this study also highlight the advantages and opportunities of DPPs, such as increased sustainability, greater reliability for customers, and opportunities to expand and streamline existing business processes and models.

Nos anos recentes tem-se percebido o interesse pela contribuição do design na inovação e nos negócios, mas esta visão com foco no design, por outro lado, ainda não está plenamente inserida na estratégia da indústria. Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar não só a cultura de design na micro e pequena indústria, tomando como exemplo o setor moveleiro no estado de São Paulo, como também, dentro do contexto estratégico, quais são os fatores que interferem e decidem o sucesso ou não da inserção da ferramenta de design e sua gestão. Neste sentido,são estudados os aspectos relativos ao design como diferencial do negócio, a estrutura organizacional das micro e pequenas indústrias, a Gestão de Design como sistema integrador de competências, seu consumidor, e como toda esta estrutura desenvolve as características do design na organização, para finalmente propor um modelo teórico que possa indicar soluções estratégicas para a inserção do design dentro da Micro e Pequena Indústria. A tese inicia-se na proposta de que o design e sua gestão podem alavancar a indústria pela sua visão estratégica, trazendo não só inovação nos conceitos desenvolvidos, própria da cultura do design, bem como sendo um fator integrador de estratégias no âmbito do design e do marketing. O estudo mostra que a Gestão de Design e o Modelo teórico aqui proposto podem ser um componente importante para implementar soluções competitivas e integradoras com outras ferramentas estratégicas da organização. / In recent years, there has been great interest in design innovation and contribution to the business; however, this business vision, focusing on design, is not yet fully in line with the industry strategy. This thesis aims to examine not only the design culture in the Micro and Small Industry, taking as an example the furniture sector in the State of São Paulo, but also within the strategic context and business. These factors interfere with and help decide the success or failure of an integration design tool and its management. In this sense, the aspects studied are design as a differential business, the organizational structure of Micro and Small Industries, Design Management as a system integrator skill, customers, and how all this structure develops the design features in the organization to finally propose a theoretical model that can indicate strategic solutions for integrating design within the business vision. The thesis begins by proposing that design and management can leverage the industry towards its strategic vision, not only innovating developed concepts, its own design culture, but integrating factor strategies in design and marketing as well. The study shows that Design Management and the Theoretical Model proposed herein can be an important component to implement competitive solutions and integrated with other strategic organizational tools.

Nos anos recentes tem-se percebido o interesse pela contribuição do design na inovação e nos negócios, mas esta visão com foco no design, por outro lado, ainda não está plenamente inserida na estratégia da indústria. Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar não só a cultura de design na micro e pequena indústria, tomando como exemplo o setor moveleiro no estado de São Paulo, como também, dentro do contexto estratégico, quais são os fatores que interferem e decidem o sucesso ou não da inserção da ferramenta de design e sua gestão. Neste sentido,são estudados os aspectos relativos ao design como diferencial do negócio, a estrutura organizacional das micro e pequenas indústrias, a Gestão de Design como sistema integrador de competências, seu consumidor, e como toda esta estrutura desenvolve as características do design na organização, para finalmente propor um modelo teórico que possa indicar soluções estratégicas para a inserção do design dentro da Micro e Pequena Indústria. A tese inicia-se na proposta de que o design e sua gestão podem alavancar a indústria pela sua visão estratégica, trazendo não só inovação nos conceitos desenvolvidos, própria da cultura do design, bem como sendo um fator integrador de estratégias no âmbito do design e do marketing. O estudo mostra que a Gestão de Design e o Modelo teórico aqui proposto podem ser um componente importante para implementar soluções competitivas e integradoras com outras ferramentas estratégicas da organização. / In recent years, there has been great interest in design innovation and contribution to the business; however, this business vision, focusing on design, is not yet fully in line with the industry strategy. This thesis aims to examine not only the design culture in the Micro and Small Industry, taking as an example the furniture sector in the State of São Paulo, but also within the strategic context and business. These factors interfere with and help decide the success or failure of an integration design tool and its management. In this sense, the aspects studied are design as a differential business, the organizational structure of Micro and Small Industries, Design Management as a system integrator skill, customers, and how all this structure develops the design features in the organization to finally propose a theoretical model that can indicate strategic solutions for integrating design within the business vision. The thesis begins by proposing that design and management can leverage the industry towards its strategic vision, not only innovating developed concepts, its own design culture, but integrating factor strategies in design and marketing as well. The study shows that Design Management and the Theoretical Model proposed herein can be an important component to implement competitive solutions and integrated with other strategic organizational tools.