Bakgrund: Hos kvinnor är den vanligaste formen av cancer bröstcancer. Att drabbas av bröstcancer är för många kvinnor ett trauma och innebär en stor förändring. Att kommunicera information till bröstcancerpatienter är en viktig del i omvårdnaden då det ger kvinnan en känsla av kontroll över sitt liv.   Syfte: Att sammanställa kunskap om kvinnliga bröstcancerpatienters behov av kommunikation i vårdsammanhang om sjukdom och behandling från diagnos till slutförd behandling.   Metod: En litteraturöversikt med deskriptiv design användes som metod. PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO och Google Scholar var databaser som användes vid sökningen. 11 kvalitativa artiklar valdes ut efter kvalitetsgranskningen.   Resultat: Kommunikation var en viktig del i vården för bröstcancerpatienterna och kommunikation kunde uttryckas på många olika sätt. Kvinnorna hade olika behov av kommunicerad information och att bli sedd som en unik individ var betydelsefullt. Att få vara med och bestämma över sin behandling var också viktigt för dem. Otillräckligt med tid, svåra medicinska termer, otillräcklig behandlingsinformation och avsaknad av existentiell kommunikation uppfattades av kvinnorna som negativt. Att få information anpassat till fas i sjukdomen var viktigt för bröstcancerpatienterna samt att den icke-verbala kommunikationen kompletterade den verbala kommunikationen.   Slutsats: Trots att det fanns många positiva upplevelser kring kommunikation med vårdpersonal förekom även många negativa aspekter vilket tyder på att kommunikation i vården fortfarande behöver förbättras och utvecklas. En nyckel till god kommunikation visade sig vara att anpassa den efter individen och inte enbart till sjukdomen. Då bröstcancerpatienternas behov av kommunikation var stort kan vårdpersonal med hjälp av god kommunikation hjälpa kvinnorna att hantera svårigheter som uppkommer i samband med sjukdomen och minska eventuellt lidande. / Background: The most common type of cancer among women is breast cancer. To be diagnosed with breast cancer is traumatic to many women and causes a major change in life. Communicating information to breast cancer patients is an important part of healthcare, as it gives the woman a sense of control over her life.   Purpose: To compile knowledge of female breast cancer patients' need for communication in the healthcare context of disease and treatment from diagnosis to completed treatment.   Methods: A literature review with a descriptive design was used as a method. PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Google Scholar were databases used in the search. 11 qualitative articles were selected after the quality review.   Results: Communication was an important part of healthcare for breast cancer patients and communication could be expressed in many different ways. The women had different needs for communicated information and being seen as a unique individual was important. Being involved and deciding on their treatment was also important to them. Insufficient time, difficult medical terms, inadequate treatment information and lack of existential communication were perceived by the women as negative. Getting information adapted to the phase of the disease was important for breast cancer patients. Non-verbal communication supplementing verbal communication was also important.   Conclusions: Although there were numerous positive experiences concerning communication between healthcare personnel and patients there were many negatives as well. This indicates that healthcare still needs to improve in communication. A key to good communication was to base it around the individual and not the disease. With good communication, healthcare personnel can help these women cope with the difficulties that the disease bring and lessen eventual suffering.

Dentre os tratamentos possíveis para feridas, um deles, ainda pouco discutido e divulgado, é o uso terapêutico do ozônio. A finalidade desta revisão foi verificar se há benefícios neste uso em feridas. Os objetivos foram: buscar evidências científicas sobre estes benefícios por meio da revisão sistemática da literatura científica; realizar levantamento bibliográfico de estudos primários sobre a temática; analisar a qualidade metodológica destes estudos e discutir sobre as evidências de seus resultados. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão sistemática da literatura científica, de acordo com o preconizado pelo Centro Cochrane do Brasil. Foram selecionadas oito bases de dados eletrônicas que disponibilizam publicações de pesquisas na área da saúde (CINAHAL, COCHRANE, EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, OVID, PubMed, USP/Sibi/DEDALUS). Além destas bases, um estudo foi encontrado em um livro alemão específico sobre a temática. A busca foi feita de acordo com os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde baseado no MESH (Medical Subject Headings of U.S. National Library of Medicine). Foram encontrados 1637 estudos, sendo 55 pré-selecionados, e apenas 23 incluídos para a revisão. Dentre os principais resultados destacam-se: 52,2% dos estudos incluídos foram ensaios clínicos não controlados, 21,7% ensaios clínicos randomizados controlados abertos, 17,4% ensaios clínicos não randomizados controlados e 8,7% relatos de casos. A maioria dos estudos considerou como desfecho a cicatrização total da ferida ou a estimulação do processo de cicatrização, seguidos da melhora do aspecto da ferida, diminuição da dor/sintomas, melhora dos exames laboratoriais e, um deles relatou diminuição de odor da ferida. Foi analisado o quanto cada estudo controlou ou não variáveis intrínsecas e extrínsecas e quem foram os sujeitos de pesquisa em cada um deles. Analisou-se, ainda, se houve estratificação de variáveis entre os grupos controle e experimental nos estudos controlados e aplicou-se a Escala adaptada de Jadad para verificar a validade interna dos estudos randomizados, cujas pontuações obtidas foram inferiores ao mínimo estabelecido para um estudo de alta qualidade. Como conclusão, ao considerar apenas como estudos de qualidade aqueles randomizados, é possível reconhecer evidência forte do benefício do uso do ozônio, o que confirma a hipótese desta revisão. Mas, a partir da análise de sua validade interna, controle de variáveis interferentes e quantidade e tipo de população, os estudos apresentam problemas de condução e não é possível esse mesmo reconhecimento. Não é desprezível, porém, o fato de que todos os estudos obtiveram resultados favoráveis com o uso de ozônio, o que enseja a recomendação de viabilidade de realização de mais estudos, do tipo ensaios clínicos controlados e bem conduzidos, com estratificação de variáveis intrínsecas e extrínsecas e, principalmente, que utilizem como única intervenção o próprio ozônio, sem associar qualquer tipo de método que interfira no processo de cicatrização. Finalmente, considerando todos os aspectos discutidos e a realidade brasileira, o ozônio, poderia ser uma importante opção de tratamento para feridas e trazer diversos benefícios aos seus portadores, caso isso fosse provado por estudos bem delineados e de qualidade / Among the possible treatments for wounds there is one that is still very little discussed and divulged: the therapeutic use of the ozone. The purpose of this review is to verify if there are benefits of that use. These were the following goals: to search for scientific evidence of those benefits through systematic scientific literature review; to the bibliographic research of basic studies related to this theme; to analyze the methodological quality of those studies and to discuss the evidence of their results. The methodology used was the systematic scientific literature review, according to what is stated by the Cochrane Center of Brazil. Eight electronic data bases that contain publications of researches in the health area were selected (CINAHAL, COCHRANE, EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, OVID, PubMed, USP/Sibi/DEDALUS). Apart from those data bases, one study was found in a Germany book specific on that theme. The research was done according to the Health Science Key-words based on the MESH (Medical Subject Headings of U.S. National Library of Medicine). 1637 studies were found, 55 were pre-selected and only 23 were included in the review. The main results were the following: 52,2% of the included studies were non-controlled clinical trials, 21,7% were open-label randomized controlled clinical trials, 17,4% were non-randomized controlled clinical trials and 8,7% were case reports. Most part of the studies considered the complete wound healing or the healing process stimulation as outcomes, followed by improvement of the wound aspects, reduction in the pain/symptoms, improvement on the laboratory exams and one of them reported the wound smell reduction. This review analyzed how many intrinsic and extrinsic variables were controlled and who the subjects were in each study. Besides that, it was analyzed if there were variables stratification among the control and the experimental groups in the controlled trials and the adapted Jadad Scale was applied to verify the internal validity of the randomized trials, whose obtained scores were less than the minimum standardized for a high quality study. To sum up, when only randomized trials are considered as of quality, it is possible to recognize strong evidence of benefit in the use of the ozone, which confirms the hypothesis of this review. But, when analyzing the internal validity, the controlled variables and the number and the kind of subjects, the studies presented execution problems and it is not possible to recognize the same thing. It is needless to say that all studies have obtained favorable results in the use of the ozone, which triggers the need to carry out more related studies, as well as to conduct controlled clinical trials, with intrinsic and extrinsic variables stratification and, mainly, that the ozone without associating any method that can interfere in the wound healing is used as unique intervention. Finally, considering all discussed aspects and the Brazilian reality, the ozone could be an important option of wound treatment and it could bring many benefits to its carriers if this was proofed by well conducted quality studies

No description available.

Becoming a mother derails many women’s chances for career progression. One reason for this is that women leave organisations when they become mothers, or reduce their working hours. Another reason is that people within the organisation start to view them as less career-orientated as a result of being mothers. At the core of this issue is that who a woman is – her identity – is being redefined in the transition to motherhood, by herself and by those around her. But, little is known about how her professional identity develops during the transition to motherhood, or whether its development is related to her growing maternal identity. This paper, therefore, presents a systematic review of the literature concerning changes in maternal and professional identities, as well as the relationship between them. Based on the evidence, this review concludes that although the development of maternal identity has been well documented in the literature, little is known about how a woman’s professional identity develops, as she becomes a mother. Suggestions for further research and practice are discussed.

Visual process models are meant to facilitate comprehension of business processes. However, in practice, process models can be difficult to understand. The main goal of this article is to clarify the sources of cognitive effort in comprehending process models. The article undertakes a comprehensive descriptive review of empirical and theoretical work in order to categorize and summarize systematically existing findings on the factors that influence comprehension of visual process models. Methodologically, the article builds on a review of forty empirical studies that measure objective comprehension of process models, seven studies that measure subjective comprehension and user preferences, and thirty-two articles that discuss the factors that influence the comprehension of process models. The article provides information systems researchers with an overview of the empirical state of the art of process model comprehension and provides recommendations for new research questions to be addressed and methods to be used in future experiments.

Abstract:Cybercrime refers to any illegal use of technology, a computer, networked device or a network for criminal acts. It constitutes a rapidly evolving and complex phenomenon as the Internet is ruling on almost every sector of human activity. Innovation plays a highly significant role in the growth of an economy. However, every time there is an advancement in the field of technology, there is bound to be other adverse effects. Such is the case with criminology. In this end, the prevalence of cybercrime is alarmingly increasing, and there have been several attempts by the government and other concerned agencies at stemming its escalation (Curtis et al., 2009). The following thesis shows the investigation of the rise of cybercrime in Greece. It is a systematic literature review available on this topic, aiming to explore areas such as the preparedness of the government in the fight against cybercrime, and the consideration that, in so doing, it is obligated to protect the rights of intellectual property as well as the protection of the rights to privacy of its citizens (Gobran, 2015). Of all the categories of information technology-related crimes, cybercrimes are the most common. The thesis also explores the conventions and laws employed by law enforcement in the efforts to counter the activities of cybercrime, including their effectiveness. It also establishes the different sectors and industries with the highest rates of cybercrime activities and the ways in which these sectors are fighting against these activities.

Background: Abdominal ostomy is an artificial opening in the abdomen that is done through a surgical procedure. This is due to cancer diagnosis and / or inflammatory diseases of the intestine. Intimacy and sexuality are important aspects of the quality of life of an individual that can be affected by different factors. It is the nurse's responsibility to promote health, and the nurse's role to convey knowledge of sexual health to patients. Aim: The purpose was to describe the experiences of sexual health in people with abdominal ostomy. Method: Literature review with a qualitative approach. Results: The results show that people with abdominal ostomy experienced a change in sexualhealth caused by various aspects. The results also show a need for increased healthcare guidance about sexual health, and support from relatives is an important component. Conclusion: Taboos about sexuality were discussed and need to be put in relation to where in the world one is. Sexual health is individual and looks different globally, because there are different societal and cultural norms and values. Strategies for healthcare professionals were discussed in order to be able to address sexual health and to support people with abdominal ostomy in the best possible way

Bakgrund: Upplevelsen av ensamhet ökar med en stigande ålder. Det finns ett samband mellan ensamhet och psykisk eller fysisk ohälsa, och detta samtidigt som medellivslängden förväntas öka i Sverige och i andra delar av världen. Situationen medför ett ökat behov av att vårdpersonal ska kunna se lidandet ensamhet skapar och för att kunna ge adekvat vård. Syfte: Att beskriva äldre personers erfarenheter och upplevelse av ensamhet. Metod: Litteraturstudie med 10 vetenskapliga artiklar från databaserna PubMed och Cinahl. Analysen av artiklarna genomfördes med hjälp av Fribergs femstegsmodell och SBUS granskningsmall. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i tre huvudkategorier med sju underkategorier: Ensamhetens konsekvenser, Saknad av betydelsefulla relationer och Att skapa meningsfullhet. Konklusion: Resultatet av litteraturstudien visade på att äldre personer erfarenheter och upplevelser påverkar det psykiska måendet. Ensamhet kan vara kopplat till känslan av utanförskap från samhället. Genom att lyfta fram äldres upplevelse av ensamhet kan sjuksköterskan bidra till en förbättrad vård och ge en djupare förståelse för den ensamma individen. / Background: The feeling of loneliness or exclusion increases with age. And there is a connection between perceived loneliness and mental or physical ill health. At the same time, the average life expectancy is expected to increase in Sweden and other parts of the world. The situation means that there is an increased need for healthcare professionals to see the suffering created by loneliness, to provide adequate care. Aim: To describe older people's experience of loneliness. Methods: Literature review conducted with 10 qualitative articles found in PubMed and Cinahl. Analysis was conducted with help from Friberg's five steps model and SBUS review template. Result: The analysis resulted in three main categories with 7 subcategories: The consequences of loneliness, The lost of meaningful relationships and To create meaningfulness. Conclusion: The result of this literature study showed that elderly peoples experiences of loneliness affects their mental health. Loneliness could be related to feelings of alienation from the society. By highlight elderly peoples experience of loneliness is it possible for the nurse to enable and contribute with a better care and to give a deeper understanding for the lonely individual.

KIF1A is a molecular motor for membrane-bound cargo important to the development and survival of sensory neurons. KIF1A dysfunction has been associated with several Mendelian disorders with a spectrum of overlapping phenotypes, ranging from spastic paraplegia to intellectual disability. We present a novel pathogenic in-frame deletion in the KIF1A molecular motor domain inherited by two affected siblings from an unaffected mother with apparent germline mosaicism. We identified eight additional cases with heterozygous, pathogenic KIF1A variants ascertained from a local data lake. Our data provide evidence for the expansion of KIF1A-associated phenotypes to include hip subluxation and dystonia as well as phenotypes observed in only a single case: gelastic cataplexy, coxa valga, and double collecting system. We review the literature and suggest that KIF1A dysfunction is better understood as a single neuromuscular disorder with variable involvement of other organ systems than a set of discrete disorders converging at a single locus. / National Institutes of Health / Revisión por pares

Researchers and publishing guidelines recommend reporting confidence intervals (CIs) not just along with null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), but for many other statistics such as effect sizes and reliability coefficients. Although CI and standard errors (SEs) are closely related, examining standard errors alone in simulation studies is not adequate because we do not always know if a standard error is small enough. Overly small SEs may lead to increased probability of Type-I error and CIs with lower coverage rate than expected. Statistical simulation studies generally examine the magnitude of the empirical standard error, but it is not clear if they examine the properties of confidence intervals. The present study examines confidence interval investigating and reporting practices, particularly with respect to coverage and bias as diagnostics in published statistical simulation studies across eight psychology journals using a systematic literature review. Results from this review will inform editorial policies and hopefully encourage researchers to report CIs.