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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Finna mening trots sjukdom : Erfarenheter hos personer med mild till måttlig demenssjukdom

Lööw, Alexander, Löfberg, Madelene January 2016 (has links)
Bakgrund: I takt med att antalet personer som lever med demenssjukdom väntas öka blir behovet av kunskap inom ämnet av vikt för att möjliggöra en god och evident vård. Därför behövs mer forskning utifrån ett patientperspektiv om vad dessa individer anser vara meningsfullt i vardagen. Syfte: Att beskriva upplevelsen av en meningsfull vardag hos personer med mild till måttlig demenssjukdom. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie med kvalitativ ansats utifrån Evans analysmetod tillämpades. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras utifrån tre teman med två subteman vardera. I dessa framkommer att personer med demenssjukdom värderade relationer med familj och anhöriga samt en allmän gemenskap med andra. Aktiviteter var en viktig faktor för att uppleva meningsfullhet, både för att stärka individens identitet och för att hålla sig aktiv och sysselsatt. Slutligen identifierades vikten av självständighet och självbestämmande hos personer med demenssjukdom. Slutsats: Det framkom att flera faktorer spelar stor roll för att personer med demenssjukdom ska uppleva en meningsfull vardag. Dessa är viktiga att ha i åtanke vid vård av individer ur denna patientgrupp för att möjliggöra bästa möjliga upplevelse av hälsa. / Background: As the number of people with dementia are expected to increase globally, the need for knowledge relevant to the subject is important to enable good and evident care. Therefore, an increased amount of research is needed from a patient perspective of what these individuals consider to be meaningful in their everyday life. Aim: To describe experiences of a meaningful everyday life for individuals suffering from mild to moderate dementia Method: Systematic literature review with qualitative approach based on Evans analytical method was applied. Results: Three main themes emerged with two subthemes each. Individuals suffering from dementia valued relationships with family and relatives, as well as a connection with people in general. Activities were seen as an important factor for experiencing meaningfulness, both to strengthen their own identity and to stay active. Finally, the importance of freedom was identified by a feeling of self-determination and independence. Conclusion: Several factors have shown to play an important role in how individuals suffering from dementia value as meaningful in their everyday lives. These key factors are important to consider when caring for this group of patients to allow for optimal health.
82

Att kunna anpassa livet med stomi till vardagen / To adjust to an everyday life with a stoma

Karlsson, Sara, Karlsson, Johannes January 2016 (has links)
Bakgrund: Stomi innebär en konstgjord öppning på buken. Vanligaste orsakerna till att en person får stomi är kolorektal cancer, blåscancer, chrons sjukdom och ulcerös kolit. Den stomiopererade personens vardag påverkas ofta på grund av kroppsförändringar. Dessa kroppsförändringar innebär exempelvis nya hygienrutiner samt förlust av kroppsfunktion. Syfte: Att beskriva hur vuxna personer med stomi upplever sin vardag. Metod: Litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats. Insamling av kvalitativa artiklar genom sökning i databaserna Cinahl och Medline. Sammanlagt användes nio vetenskapliga artiklar i litteraturöversiktens resultat. Artiklarna analyserades med hjälp av Fribergs tre-stegsmetod. Resultat: Tre huvudteman identifierades vilka var psykologiska aspekter, fysiska aspekter samt sociala aspekter. Under dessa framkom subteman som visade på att personer med stomi bland annat upplevde rädsla och oro i vardagen, begränsning i klädval samt aktiviteter. Resultatet visade även en påverkan i intima situationer. Slutsatser: Upplevelse av begränsning ses som vanligt förekommande hos stomiopererade personer och påverkar deras vardag. Stöd från sjuksköterska, familj samt vänner är betydelsefullt och kan hjälpa till att hantera situationen. / Background: Stoma is an artificial opening in the abdomen. Common reasons why a person might acquire stoma is colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The everyday life for a person with a stoma is often affected due to body changes. These body changes mean, for instance, new hygiene routines and loss of body function. Aim: To describe how adults with a stoma experience their everyday life. Method: Literature review with inductive approach. Qualitative articles were collected through searches in the databases Cinahl and Medline. In total, nine scientific articles were used as a result of the literature review. The articles were analyzed using Friberg´s three-step method. Result: Three main themes were identified; psychological aspects, physical aspects and social aspects. Under these main themes subthemes emerged that showed that people with a stoma among other experienced for instance fear and concern of everyday life, limited in choice of clothes and activities. The results also exposed an effect in intimate situations. Conclusion: Experience of limitation is common among persons with a stoma and affect their everyday life. Support from a nurse, family and friends are significant and can help the person with a stoma to manage the situation.
83

Livets Berg- och Dalbana : En litteraturstudie om anhörigas upplevelse av att vårda en familjemedlem med diagnosen schizofreni / The Rollercoaster of Life : A literature review about relatives’ experience of caring for a family member diagnosed with schizophrenia

Björk, Malin, Guvå, Linn January 2015 (has links)
Bakgrund:Den psykiska ohälsan hos den svenska befolkningen är i dagsläget hög och ett stort mörkertal tros finnas. Schizofreni är en vanlig psykossjukdom som tar upp stora delar av psykiatrins resurser. För personer med diagnosen schizofreni kantas vardagen av utmaningar till följd av sjukdomens symtom och allmänhetens stigma. Anhöriga en är viktig resurs i vårdandet när en familjemedlem diagnostiseras med schizofreni. Syfte:Syftet med litteraturöversikten är att belysa anhörigas upplevelse av att vårda en familjemedlem med diagnosen schizofreni. Metod:En litteraturöversikt över både kvalitativa och kvantitativa artiklar från databasen Cinahl. Konsensusbegreppet hälsa används tillsammans med den teoretiskutgångspunkten KASAM – känsla av sammanhang (Antonovsky, 2005). ResultatI studiens resultat framkom fem huvudteman: motsägelsefulla känslor, där anhörigas upplevelse av bördor och tillfredställelser pressenteras. Social isolering, där orsaker till ett begränsat socialt liv beskrivs utifrån anhörigas upplevelse av situationen. Finansiell oro, där ekonomiska och arbetsrelaterade förändringar tas upp. Hälsa och livskvalitet, där anhörigas upplevelse av sin egen hälsa och livskvalitet beskrivs och kontakten med sjukvården, där anhörigas upplevelse av vårdkontakten tydliggörs. Diskussion:En diskussion hålls kring anhörigas upplevelse av att vårda en familjemedlem med diagnosen schizofreni och samtidigt uppnå hälsa utifrån Antonovskys (2005) teori om KASAM – känsla av sammanhang. Begriplighet, hanterbarhet och meningsfullhet diskuteras utifrån teman informationsbrist och kunskapsbrist och sociala relationer. / Background:The mental ill-health of the Swedish population is currently at a high level and there is reason to believe that there is a substantial amount of unrecorded cases. Schizophrenia is a common psychotic illness preoccupies a large fraction of the psychiatric care. For people with schizophrenia every day is challenging because of the symptoms of the disease and the public stigma. When a family member is diagnosed with schizophrenia relatives become an important resource. Aim:The aim of this study is to highlight relatives’ experience of caring for a family member diagnosed with schizophrenia.  Method:A literature review of both qualitative and quantitative articles from the database Cinahl. SOC - sense of coherence (Antonovsky, 2005) was used as a nursing theory along with the consensus concept health.  Results:The study resulted in five main themes: contradictory feelings, in which relatives' experience of burdens and satisfactions are revealed. Social isolation, which causes a limited social life, described from relatives' perspective. Financial concern, where economic and job-related changes are discussed. Health and quality of life, where family members’ personal health and quality of life is described. Contact with health services, where relatives' care contact is clarified. Discussion: A discussion is held about the family's experience of caring for a family member diagnosed with schizophrenia while achieving health in relation to Antonovsky's (2005) theory of SOC - sense of coherence.
84

Art-based methods in management education

Springborg, Claus January 2014 (has links)
The purpose of this dissertation is to develop explanatory theory for the learning processes facilitated by art-based methods in management education (ABMs). Such theory is important because managerial educators increasingly use ABMs, and without a well-developed theory it may be difficult to realise these methods’ full potential. Current research on ABMs uses theories from other fields but generally sees ABMs as methods for making important information available for reflection, e.g. information about unconscious assumptions, aesthetic experience, or non-propositional or tacit knowledge. This shows that the field is grounded in a representationalist view of cognition. This view of cognition makes it difficult to explain certain themes in the research field, such as, the importance of staying with the senses without reflecting, aesthetic agency, and the process of making. I therefore asked: What insights can be gained from exploring ABMs, using theories grounded in the embodied view of cognition, in particular Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) (Lakoff & Johnson, 1999) and simulation theories (Barsalou, 2008). For the empirical work, I used an experimental design with 60 managers from Danish companies. All participants selected problems from their work they perceived as important, yet unsolvable. They were randomly divided into three groups: Two groups using different ABMs to address problems and a comparison group where no ABM was used. The experiment indicated that 1) creating new metaphors for a problem based on different sensory metaphors enabled the participants to import behaviour from contexts unrelated to the problematic situation, and 2) focusing on sensory experience enabled participants to remove judgments about self or others. Furthermore, the experiment indicated that learning outcomes reflected participants’ experience of the concrete learning intervention. These findings contribute to CMT by suggesting that it is possible to formulate relationships between changes in metaphors and specific learning outcomes. They contribute to ABM by suggesting that experiences that participants have during ABMs are later used as tools for structuring other experiences – not merely as data for reflection.
85

Att ta den lätta vägen istället för den rätta vägen : En litteraturöversikt över sjuksköterskors upplevelse av etisk stress

Nyborg, Matilda, Olsson, Angelica January 2016 (has links)
Bakgrund: Etisk stress upplevs av sjuksköterskorna när deras handlingar är moralisk rätta men de blir hindrade av att utföra dessa på grund av reella eller upplevda hinder. När etiska problem uppstår har sjuksköterskorna ICN´s etiska kod att stödja sig på. Sjuksköterskor som var involverade i patientnära vård var mer troliga att uppleva etisk stress. Den etiska stressen kan leda till att sjuksköterskorna lämnar sin profession. Syftet: Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskornas upplevelse av etisk stress i omvårdnadsarbetet. Metod: Studien är en kvalitativ litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats. Studien baseras på 12 artiklar som studerat etisk stress.  Dataanalysen skedde i fem steg enligt Friberg’s modell för analys av litteraturöversikt. Resultat: Två huvudkategorier identifierades i litteraturöversikten. Dessa var: Att vara begränsad i att ge rätt vård samt Att ta den lätta vägen istället för den rätta vägen. Slutsats: Reflektionen som ett redskap är undervärderat och bör tillämpas för att lindra etisk stress och/eller öka patientsäkerheten.  Etisk stress kan komma att öka då sjuksköterskeprofessionen står inför en stor personalbrist. / Background: Moral distress is experienced by the nurses when they know the right thing to do but are constrained by real or experienced obstacles. When ethical problems arise the nurses can rely on find support in ICN's ethical code. Bedside nurses where more likely to experience moral distress. Moral distress can result in nurses leaving the profession altogether. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe nurses’ experiences of moral distress in nursing care. Method: The study is a qualitative study with an inductive approach. It was a literature review conducted on 12 studies on moral distress. Data analysis was done in five steps according to Friberg model (2012a) for analysis of literature reviews. Result: Two main themes where identified in this literature review. These where "to be limited in conducting good care" and "taking the easy way instead of the right way". Conclusion: Reflection as a tool is undervalued and ought to be used to relieve moral distress and/or improve patient safety. Ethical stress may increase because the nursing profession is facing a major shortage of staff.
86

Interventions for children at risk of developmental delay in Low- and Middle income countries : A systematic litterature review

Glasberg, Sara January 2016 (has links)
Due to poverty and a lack of stimulation, many children living in Low- and Middle income countries suffer from developmental delay and do not develop to their full potential. Yet, remarkable recovery is often possible given that early interventions are available. The aim of this systematic literature review was to find out what could be done to decrease the gap between the current development and the developmental potential among children aged 0-8 years, living in Low –and Middle income countries. The research questions were the following: What intervention programs are provided by communities in Low- and Middle income counties with the intention of training parents´ to support their children reaching their developmental potential? What are the impacts of the interventions on children’s development, and what are the impacts of the interventions on parents´ knowledge about children`s development? Twelve studies were identified through a database search. After analyzing the data two different types of intervention programs emerged: parenting programs and stimulation programs. The gap between children´s current developmental levels and their developmental potential was not measured in the studies.  However, the intervention programs show to have positive effects on informing parents regarding child development, as well as making positive impacts on children’s cognitive development and social skills. The interventions mainly focus on children under the age of three, while interventions focusing on older children are few and need to be further researched. Simple matters, such as home-made toys and interactive communication with the children, can make a big impact on children’s development, which prepares children for future education.
87

Främjande faktorer för sjuksköterskor att bedriva en evidensbaserad vård / Factors facilitating nurses’ use of evidence-based practice

Olsson, Robert, Olsson, Ellinor January 2016 (has links)
Bakgrund Evidensbaserad vård (EBV) är ett välkänt begrepp som används för att tillförsäkra patienter en säker vård som vilar på bästa tillgängliga bevis, beprövad erfarenhet och patientens individuella preferenser. Många studier har tidigare undersökt hinder för sjuksköterskor att bedriva och/eller implementera EBV för att förklara gapet som kan uppstå mellan teori och praktik. Färre studier har undersökt vilka faktorer som främjar sjuksköterskors användande av EBV. Syfte Att genom en litteraturöversikt beskriva vilka faktorer som främjar sjuksköterskors möjligheter att bedriva en evidensbaserad vård. Metod Studien genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt. Databaserna CINAHL, PubMed och Web of Science genomsöktes och 15 artiklar valdes ut (8 kvalitativa, 4 kvantitativa och 3 mixedmethod). Resultat Fem kategorier identifierades som främjande faktorer för sjuksköterskor att bedriva och/eller implementera EBV; arbetsmiljö, stöd, kunskap, sjuksköterskans inställning och organisation. Stöd i form utav underlättare var den mest framträdande faktorn. Slutsats Sjuksköterskan har ett individuellt ansvar att bedriva EBV och kan genom sin egen inställning påverka att en sådan vård bedrivs. De flesta främjande faktorer som framkom var dock tydligare kopplade till ledningen och chefens del i att främja användandet av EBV. / Background Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a well-known term used to ensure that patients receive a safe care based on the best research evidence, clinical expertise and patient individual preferences. A variety of studies have examined the barriers for nurses to conduct and/or implement EBP to explain the gap that can occur between theory and practice. Fewer studies have examined the factors facilitating nurses’ use of EBP. Aim Was to describe the factors facilitating nurses’ use of evidence-based practice through a literature review. Methods The study was conducted as a literature review. The databases searched were CINAHL, PubMed and Web of Science and 15 articles were chosen for the result (8 qualitative, 4 quantitative and 3 mixed-method). Results Five categories were identified as facilitating factors for nurses to conduct and/or implement EBP; work environment, support, knowledge, nurses’ attitude and organization. Support from facilitators were the most emerging factor. Conclusion Nurses have individual responsibility to conduct EBP and can through their attitude influence that it’s being used, though a majority of the facilitating factors identified were more direct connected to the leadership and managerial part in facilitating the use of EBP.
88

Faktorer som påverkar patienters upplevelse av omvårdnad under sin vistelse på akutmottagning. : - En litteraturstudie / Factors that influence patients' experience of care under the visit at the emergency department : - A literature review

Bursell, Elisabeth, Elverson, Susanna January 2016 (has links)
Bakgrund: På en akutmottagning kommer patienter i olika tillstånd och behov. Det är sjuksköterskan som ofta gör de första bedömningarna och därför är det av stor vikt att bemötandet från sjuksköterskan är positivt för att skapa trygghet. Ökat patientflöde och långa väntetider är några faktorer som är påvisade att kunna påverka upplevelsen för patienterna av sin vistelse på akutmottagningen. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att beskriva faktorer som påverkar patienters upplevelse av omvårdnad under sin vistelse på akutmottagning. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt. Databaserna CINAHL och PubMed användes för att söka efter artiklar. Resultat: Sex underkategorier valdes ut: bemötande, delaktighet, information, väntetid, kommunikation och kontinuitet, sjuksköterskans kunskap och kompetens. Resultatet visade att många patienter ansåg att sjuksköterskan var skicklig i sina arbetsuppgifter och var nöjda med bemötandet från sjuksköterskan, men att långa väntetider och bristande information påverkade upplevelsen av omvårdnad. Det fanns en tydlig önskan över att få mer information om sin väntetid, behandling och undersökningar. Brister i detta, skapade en otrygghet och en känsla av vara bortglömd hos patienterna. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor på en akutmottagning behöver besitta en stor kommunikationsförmåga. Detta för att kunna ge patienterna en så bra upplevelse som möjligt. Slutsatser av resultatet har påvisat att det krävs förbättring inom flera områden för att ge patienter en bättre upplevelse av omvårdnaden under sin vistelse på akutmottagningen. / Background: To an emergency department people arrives with various states and needs. It is the nurse who often do the initial assessments and therefore it is of great importance that the response from the nurse is positive, to provide a feeling of security for the patient. Increased patient flow and long waits are a few factors that are proven to influence patients´ experience of their stay at the emergency department. Purpose: The purpose of the literature review is to describe factors that influence patients’ experience of care at the emergency department. Methods: The study was conducted as a literature review. CINAHL and PubMed databases were used to search for articles. Results: The analysis led to six subcategories: the encounter, participation, information, waiting time, communication and continuity, the Registered Nurse knowledge and skills. The results showed that many patients felt that the nurse was skilled with the nursing assignments and were happy with the response from the nurse, but the long waiting time and lack of information affected the experience of the nursing care at the emergency department. There was a clear desire from the patients to receive more information about their wait time, treatment and examination. Shortcomings of this, created insecurity and a feeling of being forgotten for the patients. Conclusion: Nurses at an emergency department need to possess great communication skills. To be able to give patients the best experience as possible at the emergency department. Conclusions of the results have shown the need for improvement in several areas, to increase a better experience for the patients during their stay at the emergency department.
89

A systems thinking approach for modelling supply chain risk propagation

Ghadge, Abhijeet January 2013 (has links)
Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM) is rapidly becoming a most sought after research area due to the influence of recent supply chain disruptions on global economy. The thesis begins with a systematic literature review of the developments within the broad domain of SCRM over the past decade. Thematic and descriptive analysis supported with modern knowledge management techniques brings forward seven distinctive research gaps for future research in SCRM. Overlapping research findings from an industry perspective, coupled with SCRM research gaps from the systematic literature review has helped to define the research problem for this study. The thesis focuses on a holistic and systematic approach to modelling risks within supply chain and logistics networks. The systems thinking approach followed conceptualises the phenomenon of risk propagation utilising several recent case studies, workshop findings and focus studies. Risk propagation is multidimensional and propagates beyond goods, finance and information resource. It cascades into technology, human resource and socio-ecological dimensions. Three risk propagation zones are identified that build the fundamentals for modelling risk behaviour in terms of cost and delay. The development of a structured framework for SCRM, a holistic supply chain risk model and a quantitative research design for risk assessment are the major contributions of this research. The developed risk assessment platform has the ability to capture the fracture points and cascading impact within a supply chain and logistics network. A reputed aerospace and defence organisation in UK was used to test the experimental modelling set up for its viability and for bridging the gap between theory and practice. The combined statistical and simulation modelling approach provides a new perspective to assessing the complex behavioural performance of risks during multiple interactions within network.
90

Delaktighet i vården : Patienters upplevelser i hälso- och sjukvård

Karlsson, Jenny, Majeed, Noor January 2016 (has links)
Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning redogör att patientens delaktighet har utvecklas genom årtionden, från ett paternalistiskt perspektiv till att patienten förväntas delta och fatta beslut. Patientens lagliga rätt till delaktighet styrks i Patientlagen och det är sjuksköterskans uppgift att skapa möjligheter för detta. En god vårdrelation krävs för att få kunskap och möjlighet till delaktighet. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa patienters upplever av delaktighet i hälso- och sjukvård. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie med beskrivande syntes för kvalitativa artiklar. Resultat: Patienters upplevelser av delaktighet i Hälso- och sjukvård redogörs i två teman: hinder för delaktighet och möjligheter för delaktighet. För att vara delaktig krävdes det att patienten får mera kunskap och information. Slutsatser: En god vårdrelation och informationsutbyte med sjuksköterska kan skapa goda förutsättningar för att göra patienten delaktig i sin vård och behandling. Patienten upplever dock att exempelvis vårdmiljön, vårdpersonalens attityder och sjukdomen inverkar på deras möjligheter för delaktighet. / Background: Previous research explains that the patient's participation has evolved through the decades, from a paternalistic approach to the patient expected to participate and make decisions. The patient's legal right to participation is evidenced in the Swedish Patient law (Patientlagen) and it is the nurses responsibility to create opportunities for this. A good care relationship is required to enable patients to get the knowledge and opportunity to participate. Aim: to describe patients' experience of participation in health care. Method: A descriptive systematic literaturestudy of synthesis of qualitative articles. Result: Patients experiences of participation in health care is described in two themes: the obstacles to participation and opportunities for participation. To participate, the patient needs to get more knowledge and information. Conclusion: A good relationship and exchange of information with the nurse can create favorable conditions to enable patient involvement in their care and treatment. The patients experience, however, that the care environment, care staff attitudes and the disease affects the patient's opportunities for participation.

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