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Pottery is a kind of craft which requires retentive training. The only way to achieve each technique is to practice in repetition till the skill has been absorbed into the hands and body of the practitioner. The most obvious problematic achievement in pottery skill is ‘wheel throwing’ technique. With the long history in straight forward training, one needs to free the mind and allow oneself be a ‘copy machine’ in order to learn the technique properly. The paradox of traditional practice of having mastered the skill, but could not break through, is one of typical obstruction to many crafters. ‘Flood’ as theme for investigation in clay was an attempt to set up a method in order to find the ‘breaking through’ in term of ‘thinking’ and ‘making’ for traditional pottery practitioner to be relevant in the pace of contemporary surrounding. The investigation was planned to de‐familiarize my perception over my tradition and practice, and it was an eye‐opening to how I positioned myself personally and professionally to the discipline, the society and the world.

Kinematic analysis of basketball shooting is evolving, however the effects of fatigue on free throw shooting have not been studied. Therefore the effects of fatigue on the kinematics of free throw shooting among elite male basketball players was assessed. Ten healthy male collegiate basketball players participated in the study. Resting and fatigue heart rates of the participants were measured. After a 15 minute warm-up period, markers were placed on seven locations on the shooting arm&rsquo / s side upper and lower extremities. The free throw shots were recorded with two digital cameras at a speed of 60 frames/s at a stereoscopic position. Data were analyzed with the photogrammetry technique. Each participant performed free throw shots (pre-fatigue condition) until the two successful and two unsuccessful shots were collected. Then participants completed a fatigue protocol, which included sprints and squat jumping, until reaching their volitional exhaustion and free throw shots were repeated (post-fatigue condition). The elbow, trunk, knee and ankle joint angles were measured. Successful and unsuccessful shots were compared for pre- and post-fatigue conditions. The results demonstrated that fatigue did not affect free throw shooting and there was no significant joint angle difference (p&gt / .05) between successful and unsuccessful shots (p&gt / .05). It was concluded that fatigue does not affect the kinematics of free throw shooting of healthy male collegiate basketball players and there were no differences in the kinematics of selected joint angles for successful and unsuccessful free throw shots.

A parameter-free solution is presented for data projector calibration using a single camera and Gray coded structured light patterns. The proposed method assumes that both camera and projector exhibit significant non-linear distortion, and that projection surfaces can be either planar or freeform. The camera is calibrated first through traditional methods, and the calibrated images are then used to detect Gray coded patterns displayed on a surface by the data projector. Projector to camera correspondences are created by decoding the patterns in the camera images to form a 2D correspondence map. Calibrated systems produce geometrically correct, ex- tremely short throw projections, while maintaining or exceeding the projection size of a standard configuration. Qualitative experiments are performed on two baseline images, while quantitative data is recovered from the projected image of a chessboard pattern. A typical throw ratio of 0.5 can be achieved with a pixel distance error below 1. / Thesis (Master, Electrical & Computer Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2010-06-29 09:33:50.311

Tyrimo objektas. 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų olimpinių žaidynių vyrų krepšinio komandų baudos metimų kokybiniai ir kiekybiniai rodikliai. Tyrimo tikslas. Nustatyti ir įvertinti 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų olimpinių žaidynių baudos metimų rodiklius. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti ir įvertinti 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų olimpinių žaidynių baudos metimų rodiklius viso čempionato metu ir pagal atskirus kėlinius. 2. Nustatyti ir įvertinti 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų olimpinių žaidynių baudos metimų rodiklius rungtynėse, kurios baigėsi mažesniu nei 10 taškų skirtumu ir pagal atskirus kėlinius. 3. Nustatyti ir įvertinti 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionato ir 2012 metų olimpinių žaidynių baudos metimų rodiklius atkrintamosiose rungtynėse ir pagal atskirus kėlinius. Tyrimo rezultatai. Europos čempionate vyrų krepšinio komandos vidutiniškai metė po 19,6 ± 6,4 baudos metimo, šių metimų tikslumas sudarė 73,5 %, o olimpinėse žaidynėse 19,9 ± 7,4, kurių tikslumas siekė 69,6 %. Įtemptose rungtynėse, Europos čempionato metu baudos metimais buvo mesta 20,6 ± 6,7 (tikslumas 72,9 %). Olimpinėse žaidynėse buvo atlikta 20,1 ± 7,6 metimų nuo baudos metimo linijos (tikslumas 70,3 %). Atkrintamosiose rungtynėse čempionato metu baudos metimais buvo atlikta 16,8 ± 5,2 (tikslumas 76,4 %). Pagrindinė išvada. 2011 metų Europos vyrų krepšinio čempionate baudos metimais buvo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The research object. The qualitative and quantitative rates of the penalty free throws of men basketball teams, during the 2011 European Men Basketball Championship and 2012 Olympics. Hypothesis – the teams which have won the game, earn a significantly greater number of points form the free-throw line, than the ones who have lost the game. The aim of the research. To determine and evaluate the rates of penalty free throws of men basketball teams, during the 2011 European Men Basketball Championship and 2012 Olympics. Research objectives: 1. To determine and evaluate the points earned from the free-throw line during the games of the 2011 European Men Basketball Championship and 2012 Summer Olympics, counting free-throws of the whole game and of individual quarters; 2. To determine and evaluate the points earned from the free-throw line by men basketball teams, during tense games of the 2011 European Men Basketball Championship and 2012 Summer Olympics, which have ended by less than a 10 point difference, and also to count them by individual quarters. 3. To determine and evaluate the points earned by men basketball teams during the play-offs of the 2011 European Men Basketball Championship and 2012 Summer Olympics, and also to count them by individual quarters. Research results. During the European Championship, men basketball teams threw averagely 19,6 ± 6,4 free throws, with the accuracy of 73,5 %, while during the Summer Olympics, the number of throws was 19... [to full text]

As the wind energy sector expands into areas with colder climate, the problem with ice throw will increase. Due to a rotor diameter of more than 120 meters for a typical modern turbine with an effect of 3.3 MW, the separated ice fragment will get a high initial velocity, and therefore, they will also be thrown a long distance. Ice throw might therefore be a large safety risk for the people, who are staying in surrounding areas to wind turbines. A ballistic ice throw model has been developed to be able to investigate how far the ice fragments can be thrown from a wind turbine. The work was divided into two parts, one sensitivity analysis and one real case study. In the sensitivity analysis, the influence of eight important parameters was investigated. The results from this part show that changes in the parameters initial radius and angle position, and mass and shape of the ice fragments have a significant influence on the throwing distance both lateral and downwind. The wind speed has only a significant influence on the downwind throwing distance, but this is quite large. A maximum throwing distance of 239 meters downwind the wind turbine was achieved with U=20 m/s, r=55 m and θ=45°. While including the lift force, a maximum downwind distance of 350 meter was achieved. However, the uncertainties about the shape of the ice fragment make these results quite uncertain. In the real case study, ice throws were simulated by letting the ice throw model run with modeled meteorological data for a wind farm in northern Sweden. The wind farm consists of 60 wind turbines, and the probability for that an ice fragment will land in a square of 1*1m was calculated around each turbine. To be able to calculate this probability, a Monte Carlo analysis was necessary in which a large number of ice fragments were separated. The result shows a large correlation between the landing positions of the ice fragments and the wind direction. Due to the fact that the wind farm is located in a complex terrain, the shape and density of the probability field vary among different parts of the farm. Especially in the southern part of the wind farm, the probability field will have the highest density and largest extension to the northeast of the turbines due to a prevailing wind direction during ice throw events from southwest. / När vindkraftssektorn expanderar till områden med ett kallare klimat, kommer problemet med nedisade vindkraftverk och iskast att öka. Moderna vindkraftverk kan ha en typisk effekt på 3.3 MW och en rotordiameter på över 120 meter, vilket resulterar i att de ivägkastade isbitarna skulle kunna få en initialhastighet på 90 m/s. Det skulle även resultera i att isbitarna kastas iväg en lång sträcka från kraftverket, vilket i kombination med den höga initialhastigheten skulle kunna bli en stor säkerhetsrisk för de personer som vistas i områdena närmast runt vindkraftverken. En ballisisk iskastmodel utvecklades för att beräkna hur långt från vinkraftverket isbitarna kan kastas. Arbetet delades upp i två delar, en känslighetsanalys och en verklig fallstudie. I känslighetsanalysen undersöktes åtta viktiga parametrars inflytande på iskastet. Resultatet från den visar på att ändringar i parametrarna isbitens massa och form samt seperations positionen på bladet och bladets vinkel hade störst inverkan på kastlängden. En maximal kastlängd nedströms vindkraftverket på 239 meter erhölls för U=20m/s, θ=45° och r=55m. När lyftkraften inkluderades ökade kastlängden nedströms till 350 meter, dock är osäkerheten i isbitarnas form stor, vilket gör dessa resultat osäkra. I den verkliga fallstudien simulerades iskast genom att iskastmodellen kördes med modellerad meteorologisk data från en vindkraftspark i norra Svergie. Vinkraftsparken innehöll 60 turbiner och sannolikheten för att en isbit ska landa i en ruta på 1*1m beräknades runt varje turbin. För att kunna beräkna sannolikheten användes en Monte Carlo analys där ett stort antal isbitar skickades iväg. Resultatet visade på att korrelationen var stor mellan sannolikheten för att en isbit ska landa i en ruta på 1 m² och vindriktningen. Eftersom vindkraftsparken var belägen i ett område med en komplex terräng varierade formen och intensiteten på sannolikhetsområdena mellan olika delar av parken. Speciellt i parkens södra del är sannolikhetsområdet för vindkraftsverken mer utbrett i nordostlig riktning på grund av att sydvästliga vindar är vanligast då iskast förekommer.

There is a growing demand for miniature, high-precision components and devices with micro-scale features for applications in biomedical systems, aerospace structures, and energy storage/conversion systems. Mechanical micromachining has become a leading approach to address this demand. In micromachining, a micro-scale cutting tool, such as a micro-endmill with a diameter as small as 10 um, is rotated by an ultra-high-speed (UHS) spindle (speeds greater than 60,000 rpm, reaching up to 500,000 rpm) to mechanically remove the material from a workpiece. Although micromachining resembles the traditional computer numerically controlled (CNC) machining processes, the micron-scale cutting tools, ultra-high-speed (UHS) spindles, and considerably tighter tolerance requirements bring unique challenges to micromachining.

Title: Analysis of softball throw speed Objective: The aim of the thesis is to compare the throwing speeds with different modifications - from a distance of 2 meters to the screen (without aiming), throwing at a distance of 18 meters after the ball has been caught from the air and the ground (throw to the teammate). Furthermore, the goal of comparing throw speeds in selected age categories of softball players (9-17 years). Methods: Measure the throw speed by radar and data processing in Microsoft Excel. Results: Speed of throws for individual modifications - the category of the oldest players recorded the fastest throw option with the aiming of the player after the previous capture of the ball from the air and after the previous ball was caught on the ground. These variations of the throw exceeded the throw speed without prior capture and also without aiming at the player. In contrast, for other categories, the fastest option was the no-aim goal. The results of the oldest age group therefore refuted the first hypothesis, but the results of other age categories confirmed the hypothesis. In the case of the second hypothesis - higher throw speed and processing when the ball is caught from the air compared to landing the ball - the results of the oldest and youngest age category confirm the hypothesis,...

There is a growth of wind power development in icing climates, in which ice accumulation on objects takes place. This leads to specific challenges including ice throw, the detachment of ice from wind turbine blades. The lack of understanding of the ice throw phenomenon among authorities leads to the fact that there is no coherence in the applied ice throw mitigation policies in various countries and regions, which can cause safety- and financial hazards for wind farms in icing climates. This research focusses on ice throw risk mitigation methods and their effect on a wind farms yield. Qualitative research is applied, interviewing six experts in the field of cold climate wind power development. The participants are from academic, public and private research institutions in five countries. The qualitative research focusses on policies that are plausible but non-preferred, as well as preference suggestions from the experts on how to treat the ice throw risks. The non-preferred policies involve shutting down wind farms during icing periods and conditionally allowed operation with applied heating systems. These policy scenarios are applied to a virtual wind farm near Slagnäs, Sweden, in order to indicate the impact on the yield and underline the impact that these policies would have on the turnover of a wind farm in a sever icing climate. The non-preferred policies have a significant impact on the Slagnäs wind farms yield with 2,28% annual yield losses in case of 200 annual icing hours. Apart from the impact on yield, the policies might not reduce the danger of ice throw significantly, as from a standing still turbine, detached ice can still travel a horizontal distance of up to one time the turbine height. Therefore, policies should according to the interviewed experts not focus on limitations, however focus on understanding risks and taking appropriate action for risk mitigation. International guidelines are the best tool to create a deeper understanding of ice throw risk assessments and their limitations, as well as an understanding of risk mitigation methods. In this case, the risk assessment process shall be standardised, however the risk mitigation methods shall be site specific.

The purposes of this study were to quantify, in three dimensions (3D), kinematic parameters of the free throw shot with both the women's small ball and the large ball, and to compare the parameters of the small ball to the large ball. Nine female varsity college basketball players were filmed and the 3D data were computed with the Nonlinear Transformation method. Statistical analysis of parameters including ball trajectory and body position failed to show an effect for ball condition. Since the velocity of release was not statistically different between the two balls and the ball mass was different, the results suggest that impulse is the differing factor.