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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
131

Resposta dinâmica em torção de edifícios sob ação do vento / Torsional dynamic response on buildings subjected to wind loads

Carini, Matheus Roman January 2017 (has links)
As forças devidas ao vento variam espacial e temporalmente e consequentemente provocam esforços de torção em edifícios. A magnitude desses esforços depende basicamente da forma do edifício, de sua altura e estrutura, da influência da vizinhança e da direção do vento. As normas técnicas geralmente negligenciam a importância da torção. A versão atual da norma brasileira de forças devidas ao vento (NBR 6123) não possui uma abordagem aplicável para modos de vibração torcionais. Verificando a falta de recomendações da norma brasileira a respeito dos efeitos dinâmicos da torção em edifícios, este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para a estimativa do momento torçor devido ao vento, a qual contempla tanto a parcela média quanto a parcela flutuante da solicitação. Para sua calibração utilizaram-se dados de 19 edifícios altos ensaiados no túnel de vento do Laboratório de Aerodinâmica das Construções com o método High Frequency Pressure Integration (HFPI), bem como dados da literatura técnica. A análise dos resultados mostrou que as excentricidades das forças de arrasto para cálculo do momento torçor apresentadas na NBR 6123 são adequadas na estimativa dos efeitos estáticos para edificações com efeitos de vizinhança mas tendem a subestimar a solicitação nos casos sem efeito de vizinhança. Assim, propuseram-se novos valores de excentricidades baseadas na análise da base de dados. Finalmente, apresentou-se uma metodologia para estimativa dos momentos torçores estáticos equivalentes, a qual foi comparada com os valores fornecidos pelo HFPI e constatou-se que a proposta fornece valores adequados. / Wind loads change spatially and temporally consequently they induce torsional moments on buildings. These moments are affected by building shape and structure, by interfering effects of nearby buildings and wind direction. The importance of torsional loads is usually neglected by most codes. Indeed, dynamic torsional response is not presented on current Brazilian Wind Loads Code (NBR 6123). Therefore, a procedure to determine torsional dynamic response of buildings subjected to turbulent wind action is proposed. Experimental data of 19 buildings are used to improve the reliability of proposed procedure. These experimental tests were performed in boundary layer wind tunnel of Aerodynamic Laboratory using the High Frequency Pressure Integration (HFPI) technique. About torsional loads, results have shown that drag forces eccentricities present on the NBR 6123 are reliable when neighboring effects are considered, but they underestimate torsion when neighboring effects are not considered. New eccentricities values are proposed. Finally, a procedure to estimate the torsional static equivalent moment is presented and it agrees well with HFPI results. The average relative error between the results determined by the proposed formulae and the experimental data obtained by the HFPI shows the reliability and applicability of the proposed formulation to the design of isolated and nonisolated buildings.
132

Resposta dinâmica em torção de edifícios sob ação do vento / Torsional dynamic response on buildings subjected to wind loads

Carini, Matheus Roman January 2017 (has links)
As forças devidas ao vento variam espacial e temporalmente e consequentemente provocam esforços de torção em edifícios. A magnitude desses esforços depende basicamente da forma do edifício, de sua altura e estrutura, da influência da vizinhança e da direção do vento. As normas técnicas geralmente negligenciam a importância da torção. A versão atual da norma brasileira de forças devidas ao vento (NBR 6123) não possui uma abordagem aplicável para modos de vibração torcionais. Verificando a falta de recomendações da norma brasileira a respeito dos efeitos dinâmicos da torção em edifícios, este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para a estimativa do momento torçor devido ao vento, a qual contempla tanto a parcela média quanto a parcela flutuante da solicitação. Para sua calibração utilizaram-se dados de 19 edifícios altos ensaiados no túnel de vento do Laboratório de Aerodinâmica das Construções com o método High Frequency Pressure Integration (HFPI), bem como dados da literatura técnica. A análise dos resultados mostrou que as excentricidades das forças de arrasto para cálculo do momento torçor apresentadas na NBR 6123 são adequadas na estimativa dos efeitos estáticos para edificações com efeitos de vizinhança mas tendem a subestimar a solicitação nos casos sem efeito de vizinhança. Assim, propuseram-se novos valores de excentricidades baseadas na análise da base de dados. Finalmente, apresentou-se uma metodologia para estimativa dos momentos torçores estáticos equivalentes, a qual foi comparada com os valores fornecidos pelo HFPI e constatou-se que a proposta fornece valores adequados. / Wind loads change spatially and temporally consequently they induce torsional moments on buildings. These moments are affected by building shape and structure, by interfering effects of nearby buildings and wind direction. The importance of torsional loads is usually neglected by most codes. Indeed, dynamic torsional response is not presented on current Brazilian Wind Loads Code (NBR 6123). Therefore, a procedure to determine torsional dynamic response of buildings subjected to turbulent wind action is proposed. Experimental data of 19 buildings are used to improve the reliability of proposed procedure. These experimental tests were performed in boundary layer wind tunnel of Aerodynamic Laboratory using the High Frequency Pressure Integration (HFPI) technique. About torsional loads, results have shown that drag forces eccentricities present on the NBR 6123 are reliable when neighboring effects are considered, but they underestimate torsion when neighboring effects are not considered. New eccentricities values are proposed. Finally, a procedure to estimate the torsional static equivalent moment is presented and it agrees well with HFPI results. The average relative error between the results determined by the proposed formulae and the experimental data obtained by the HFPI shows the reliability and applicability of the proposed formulation to the design of isolated and nonisolated buildings.
133

Efeitos da flexibilidade estrutural em simulações de dinâmica lateral de veículo de transporte de carga

Vargas, Vinicius Athaydes de January 2011 (has links)
Este trabalho apresenta uma análise multicorpos de combinação veicular de carga com chassi de semirreboque flexível, para avaliação de dinâmica lateral. O contexto é dado por um breve panorama do transporte rodoviário de cargas no Brasil. No intuito de melhorar seus produtos, os fabricantes de implementos rodoviários têm utilizado metodologias de desenvolvimento baseadas em simulação virtual. Nessas circunstâncias, análises dinâmicas são realizadas, geralmente levando-se em conta a hipótese de corpos rígidos (não deformáveis). Subjetivamente, é sabido que a inclusão da flexibilidade em um modelo numérico o aproxima do fenômeno real, mas são raros os trabalhos que analisam quantitativamente essa diferença. Assim, neste estudo é proposta uma abordagem para consideração da flexibilidade estrutural do chassi de um semirreboque em simulações de tráfego. Procede-se a discretização do quadro do implemento em elementos finitos, para realização de análise de vibração livre, na qual são determinados os modos (autovetores) e as frequências naturais (autovalores) da estrutura. Utilizando metodologia de superposição modal, os modos de vibração são classificados para compor, por combinação linear, a flexibilidade da estrutura nas análises dinâmicas em ferramenta comercial de MBS (sistemas multicorpos). São realizadas, então, simulações de manobras representativas da dinâmica lateral de combinações veiculares, com ênfase à estabilidade em rolagem. Os efeitos globais da inserção de flexibilidade modal no chassi do semirreboque são avaliados por meio de métricas específicas, baseadas em normas ISO de dinâmica lateral para veículos pesados. Os resultados das simulações, apresentados em forma gráfica e tabelas, mostram a grande influência da flexibilidade estrutural do chassi no desempenho dinâmico da combinação veicular analisada. Grandezas relevantes como aceleração lateral (no domínio do tempo e da frequência), ângulo de rolagem e força atuante nos pneus, além de fenômenos físicos como a transferência lateral de carga em curvas, são fortemente afetados pela flexibilidade do quadro. Agrega-se ao trabalho desenvolvido uma forma simplificada de equacionar analiticamente a rolagem de um semirreboque flexível. É realizada também uma análise de sensibilidade da rigidez torcional do chassi quanto ao número de travessas. / This work presents a lateral dynamics multibody analysis of a heavy articulated vehicle with a flexible frame for the semi-trailer. The context is given by a short perspective of the load carrying transportation scenery in Brazil. In order to build better products, the trailer manufacturers have been using development methodologies based on virtual simulation. In these circumstances, dynamic analyses are carried out, considering the hypothesis of rigid (non-deformable) bodies. Subjectively, it is known that the inclusion of flexibility in a numerical model brings it closer to reality, but very few studies work on giving numbers to this difference. Thus, this study presents an approach for taking into account the frame structural flexibility of a semi-trailer in traffic simulations. The frame of the semi-trailer is represented by a finite element model, and a free vibration analysis of this structure is carried out. The mode shapes (eigenvectors) and natural frequencies (eigenvalues) are determined. With a mode superposition method, the vibration modes are classified, for the purpose of building the structural flexibility (by linear combination) of the chassis in the dynamic analyses of the MBS software. Typical maneuvers of lateral dynamics are simulated, testing the roll stability of the combined vehicle model. The global effects for considering the mode flexibility in the semitrailer frame are evaluated through specific metrics, based on ISO standards for heavy vehicles lateral dynamics. The strong influence of the frame structural flexibility, when analyzing the articulated vehicle transient behavior, is showed by simulation results, which are presented in graphics and tables. Important measurements, such as lateral acceleration (in time and frequency domains), roll angle and vertical force on tires, besides physical phenomenon like lateral load transfer, are significantly modified by the flexibility of the frame. A simplified approach for writing the analytical equations of the flexible semi-trailer roll dynamics is added to the study. A torsional stiffness sensitivity analysis is also performed, regarding the number of transversal members in the semi-trailer chassis.
134

Efeitos da flexibilidade estrutural em simulações de dinâmica lateral de veículo de transporte de carga

Vargas, Vinicius Athaydes de January 2011 (has links)
Este trabalho apresenta uma análise multicorpos de combinação veicular de carga com chassi de semirreboque flexível, para avaliação de dinâmica lateral. O contexto é dado por um breve panorama do transporte rodoviário de cargas no Brasil. No intuito de melhorar seus produtos, os fabricantes de implementos rodoviários têm utilizado metodologias de desenvolvimento baseadas em simulação virtual. Nessas circunstâncias, análises dinâmicas são realizadas, geralmente levando-se em conta a hipótese de corpos rígidos (não deformáveis). Subjetivamente, é sabido que a inclusão da flexibilidade em um modelo numérico o aproxima do fenômeno real, mas são raros os trabalhos que analisam quantitativamente essa diferença. Assim, neste estudo é proposta uma abordagem para consideração da flexibilidade estrutural do chassi de um semirreboque em simulações de tráfego. Procede-se a discretização do quadro do implemento em elementos finitos, para realização de análise de vibração livre, na qual são determinados os modos (autovetores) e as frequências naturais (autovalores) da estrutura. Utilizando metodologia de superposição modal, os modos de vibração são classificados para compor, por combinação linear, a flexibilidade da estrutura nas análises dinâmicas em ferramenta comercial de MBS (sistemas multicorpos). São realizadas, então, simulações de manobras representativas da dinâmica lateral de combinações veiculares, com ênfase à estabilidade em rolagem. Os efeitos globais da inserção de flexibilidade modal no chassi do semirreboque são avaliados por meio de métricas específicas, baseadas em normas ISO de dinâmica lateral para veículos pesados. Os resultados das simulações, apresentados em forma gráfica e tabelas, mostram a grande influência da flexibilidade estrutural do chassi no desempenho dinâmico da combinação veicular analisada. Grandezas relevantes como aceleração lateral (no domínio do tempo e da frequência), ângulo de rolagem e força atuante nos pneus, além de fenômenos físicos como a transferência lateral de carga em curvas, são fortemente afetados pela flexibilidade do quadro. Agrega-se ao trabalho desenvolvido uma forma simplificada de equacionar analiticamente a rolagem de um semirreboque flexível. É realizada também uma análise de sensibilidade da rigidez torcional do chassi quanto ao número de travessas. / This work presents a lateral dynamics multibody analysis of a heavy articulated vehicle with a flexible frame for the semi-trailer. The context is given by a short perspective of the load carrying transportation scenery in Brazil. In order to build better products, the trailer manufacturers have been using development methodologies based on virtual simulation. In these circumstances, dynamic analyses are carried out, considering the hypothesis of rigid (non-deformable) bodies. Subjectively, it is known that the inclusion of flexibility in a numerical model brings it closer to reality, but very few studies work on giving numbers to this difference. Thus, this study presents an approach for taking into account the frame structural flexibility of a semi-trailer in traffic simulations. The frame of the semi-trailer is represented by a finite element model, and a free vibration analysis of this structure is carried out. The mode shapes (eigenvectors) and natural frequencies (eigenvalues) are determined. With a mode superposition method, the vibration modes are classified, for the purpose of building the structural flexibility (by linear combination) of the chassis in the dynamic analyses of the MBS software. Typical maneuvers of lateral dynamics are simulated, testing the roll stability of the combined vehicle model. The global effects for considering the mode flexibility in the semitrailer frame are evaluated through specific metrics, based on ISO standards for heavy vehicles lateral dynamics. The strong influence of the frame structural flexibility, when analyzing the articulated vehicle transient behavior, is showed by simulation results, which are presented in graphics and tables. Important measurements, such as lateral acceleration (in time and frequency domains), roll angle and vertical force on tires, besides physical phenomenon like lateral load transfer, are significantly modified by the flexibility of the frame. A simplified approach for writing the analytical equations of the flexible semi-trailer roll dynamics is added to the study. A torsional stiffness sensitivity analysis is also performed, regarding the number of transversal members in the semi-trailer chassis.
135

Stability of Tubular Steel Structures : Buckling and Lateral Torsional Buckling / Stabilité des structures tubulaires en acier : flambement et déversement

Khamisi, Ali 07 December 2016 (has links)
Ce sujet est d’actualité suite à une évolution rapide des types de conception de structures élancées utilisées dans les installations provisoires. C’est seulement depuis une vingtaine d’années que ces structures sont préfabriquées en cadres multidirectionnels (de sections tubulaires en acier ou en aluminium). Ces structures sont légères et leur stabilité réside seulement dans les raideurs internes au niveau des files de montants et au niveau horizontal par les planchers ainsi que dans les liaisons avec l’ouvrage. Ce travail concerne l’étude des instabilités (flambement-déversement) en tenant compte de différents types d’imperfections. De nouvelles courbes de flambement ainsi que les facteurs d’imperfection associés sont proposés dans cette thèse. Ces courbes sont obtenues en imposant une déformée initiale représentant les défauts géométriques et mécaniques (contraintes résiduelles). Les résultats expérimentaux confrontés avec les prévisions théoriques de l’Eurocode 3 montrent que les valeurs des imperfections figurant dans la littérature sont extrêmement exagérées. Les valeurs préconisées dans ce travail pourraient présenter un certain intérêt pour une modification éventuelle des courbes européennes de flambement pour ce type de structure. En ce qui concerne l’instabilité latérale, une méthodologie originale d’essais en vraie grandeur de poutres à treillis formés d’éléments tubulaires a été également mise au point. Le système de chargement à « roues libres » développé permet de libérer le point d’application de l’effort dès le début de l’instabilité. Cette technique conduit à des mesures plus précises du moment critique de déversement. / This subject becomes topical following a rapid evolution of design procedures for slender structures used widely in the temporary installations. Only through the last twenty years that these structures are prefabricated of multidirectional frames (steel or aluminium tubular sections). These structures are lightweight and their stability lies only in the internal stiffness at rows of posts and horizontally by the planking as well as the links with the building. This work concerns the study of instabilities (buckling - lateral torsional buckling) taking into account different types of imperfections. New buckling curves and the associated imperfection factors are proposed in this thesis. These curves are obtained by imposing an initial deformed representing the geometrical and mechanical defects (residual stress). The experimental results were confronted with theoretical predictions of Eurocode 3 which show that the values of the imperfections in the literature are extremely exaggerated. The values advocated in this work could be of interest for a possible adjustment of the European buckling curves for this type of structure. Regarding the lateral instability, an original methodology in real scale tests of trusses consist of tubular elements was also developed. The developed loading system of "free wheels" allows releasing the point of application of the force from the beginning of instability. This technique leads to more accurate measurements of the critical lateral torsional buckling moment.
136

Numerical Simulation for torsional strengths for Helical hollow strand tube products

Dilipkumar Umeshbhai Devpalli (6470801) 12 October 2021 (has links)
<div>Due to reduced pain, shortened hospital stay and recovery, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is becoming more and more popular in healthcare systems. MIS requires some devices for the motion and force transformation from outside to the inside of the body of a patient, and the strangled cables play a significant role in developing the instrumentations to serve for such purposes. However, current design and selection of a strangled cable is mostly intuitive that depend greatly on designers’ experiences and availability of experimental data, which leads to non-optimized designs and longer design cycles. In this thesis, both of analytical modelling and numerical simulation are proposed to build the relation of applied torque and deflection of part, so that a strangled cable with a given configuration can be characterized in term of its load-deflection relation. The defined relation has its great significance and application potential in the design optimization and precise controls of medical devices for MISs.Besides the various patterns of strangled cables, a Helical hollow strand (HHS®) tube is a special type of strangled cables with single- or multiple- layer configurations., In each layer, each of the helical wires touches its two neighboring helical wires, and it has a coreless hollow at the center. Its primary application is to carry a torsional load in a twisting mode. As an extreme, there is a possibility that all helical wires touch each other, and this forms a statically indeterminate contact obstacle in design analysis. Numerical simulation would predict that contacts occur simultaneously at all possible contacting points under the circumference that the strand is fixed at one end against rotation. In addition, the friction at contacts will affect the torsional deformation; therefore, these contacts must be taken into consideration in the development of analytical and numerical simulation models.This thesis reports the results of the investigation on the characteristics of Helical hollow strand tube (HHS®), more specifically, the relation of torsional deflection and the applied torque over a tube in the clockwise (CW) direction. The numerical simulation approach to predict the torsional deflection of HHS with various design parameters and configurations is emphasized. </div><div><br></div>
137

Tříválcový vznětový motor pro užitková vozidla / Three cylinder diesel engine for commercial vehicles

Briš, Tomáš January 2017 (has links)
The diploma thesis deals with a design of a crankshaft for a three-cylinder diesel engine for commercial vehicles. The engine is a member of a unified line of engines with the number of cylinders from two to six. The main points of the work are a draft of the crankshaft configuration, the balance of inertial forces and the moments in the crank mechanism, creation of drawings of the crankshaft and finally carrying out a strength analysis of the part, taking into account torsional vibration. The aim is formation of a part – crankshaft for potential usage in the automotive industry.
138

Dvouválcový čtyřdobý plochý zážehový motor / Two-cylinder four stroke spark ignition flat engine

Dragoun, Jan January 2012 (has links)
This thesis deals with the possibilities for realization of the crankshaft-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine is flat, usable in the urban vehicle. In the work described stresses exerted on the crank mechanism can balance the crankshaft, torsional stress and strength calculation method of control. In the final part of this work is outlined proposal for implementation of the crankshaft.
139

Implementace zátěžného stavu “Creeping” do multi-body simulace / Introduction of loadcase „Creeping“ to a multi-body simulation

Volek, Matěj January 2018 (has links)
Tato diplomová práce je zaměřena na implementaci procesu simulace zatěžovacího zatížení do stávajícího rozhraní používaného pro multi-body simulace hnacího vozidla. „Creeping“ bylo definováno jako řízení vozidla bez nárazu na plynový pedál v nízkých převodech. Bylo rozhodnuto simulovat tento stav zavedením sil Jízdních odporů – Aerodynamická odporová síla Fa, síla Valivého odporu Fr a horizontální část Gravitační síly Fgx. Tyto síly byly modelovány v softwaru SimulationX a byl definován model pro zatížení „Creeping“ – ten byl založen na změně stoupání kopce, což dalo výsledky potřebné pro analýzu chování při stavu „Creeping“. Poté byly vytvořeny soubory v softwaru Matlab potřebné pro běh a následné zpracování simulace, které analyzují výsledky v závislosti na čase nebo průměrném točivém momentu motoru. Potom byla správnost procesu kontrolována ve srovnání s experimentálními daty. Toto srovnání ukázalo, že proces pracuje bez velkých problémů; výsledky vykazovaly podobný trend, byly ale ovlivněny nedostatkem vstupních dat z experimentu.
140

Měření charakteristiky torzních stabilizátorů náprav vozidel / Measurement of vehicle torsion stabilizer characteristics

Haratek, Marek January 2021 (has links)
This diploma thesis deals with the measurement of the torsion stabilizer characteristics. The beginning of the thesis explains the function of a torsion stabilizer in a vehicle and introduces various technical options of stabilization. Next part is focused on computational simulation of representative stabilizers. Next parts are devoted to proposition of measuring device for torsion stabilizers in the laboratory and execution of the experiment. In the final part multibody model is created to demonstrate achieved results.

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