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Journalism's role in the “Twitter age” is becoming an increasingly hot topic in media studies. This thesis was aimed at analyzing the media portrayal, with special emphasis on the difference between traditional and citizen journalism, in one of the UK’s most talked about recent short films on the media topic, Black Mirror – The National Anthem, and how this could affect the public. Qualitative methods were used to examine the portrayal of both traditional journalism and citizen journalism in the film and the effects aspect was researched through focus group interviews. The results of the content analysis showed that the film depicts traditional journalism as seriously challenged by the speed and extent that citizen journalism can reach through social media – but it also shows a dark side of citizen journalism. My content analysis came to support the idea that the negative portrayal of journalism in the film can affect the public opinion on journalism, in an indirect and complex way.

El tema de la presente tesis es la influencia de las nuevas tecnologías en la evolución del periodismo digital informativo y cómo su uso ha alterado sus criterios de jerarquización tradicionales (en forma de pirámide invertida, en donde lo principal iba al inicio y el resto de la nota era su desarrollo o descripción). En este caso, la investigación se basará en cómo emplean el clickbait los medios de comunicación peruanos para el desarrollo de sus notas informativas y cómo este uso ha cambiado la estructura de la noticia. Se revisaron las plataformas en línea de tres medios: el Diario La República como prensa escrita, Radio RPP como prensa radial, y América Noticias como prensa televisiva; escogidos al haber sido pioneros en sus rubros en la transición al mundo digital y además por el alto nivel de lectoría y audiencia. Para el logro del objetivo planteado, se realizó un análisis de contenido con un periodo de tiempo delimitado por la aparición del paciente cero de COVID-19 en el Perú (6 de marzo), que fue el momento en que el público peruano tomó conciencia de que la enfermedad había llegado a nuestro país; hasta que se decretó el inicio de la cuarentena (15 de marzo), fecha en el que el Estado reaccionó y tomó medidas para combatir y/o prevenir la expansión del virus. El hallazgo más importante en los tres medios es que sí existe una variación en la estructura de las notas informativas que contienen un clickbait, utilizando una jerarquización principalmente romboide (estructura de redacción donde la información principal o la respuesta al titular de la nota está al medio y no al inicio). / The subject of this thesis is the influence of new technologies in the evolution of digital journalism and how its use has altered its traditional hierarchical criteria (in the form of an inverted pyramid, where the main thing was at the beginning and the rest of the note is its development or description). In this case, the research will be based on how the Peruvian media use clickbait for the development of their informative notes and how this use has changed the structure of the news. The online platforms of three media were reviewed: Diario La República as the written press, Radio RPP as the radio press, and América Noticias as the television press; chosen for having been pioneers in their fields in the transition to the digital world and also for the high level of readership and audience. To achieve the proposed objective, a content analysis was carried out with a period of time delimited by the appearance of the zero COVID-19 patient in Peru (March 6), which was the moment when the Peruvian public became aware of that the disease had reached our country; until the beginning of the quarantine was decreed (March 15), the date on which the State reacted and took measures to combat and / or prevent the spread of the virus. The most important finding in the three media is that there is a variation in the structure of the informative notes that contain a clickbait, using a mainly rhomboid hierarchization (writing structure where the main information or the response to the note holder is in the middle and not at the beginning). / Tesis

[pt] Livros e jornais são importantes objetos de conhecimento, que moldam nossa maneira de enxergar o mundo. Graças ao avanço das tecnologias digitais e ao aumento da concorrência pelo bolo publicitário, identifica-se, atualmente, uma crise da imprensa – chamando atenção para a disrupção do modelo de negócios do jornalismo, no contexto do que César Bolaño denomina Terceira Revolução Industrial. Enxugamento das redações, acúmulo de funções e pressão por publicações imediatas nas plataformas e redes sociais são realidade recorrente. Como se produzirá um jornalismo de boa qualidade em meio a tal conjuntura de dificuldades financeiras das redações tradicionais e de tempo escasso para o aprofundamento da escrita? Diferentes possibilidades foram e estão sendo pensadas. Aqui, propomos analisar uma dessas tentativas que, apesar de não ter sido originada neste contexto, encontra espaço no presente cenário: o livro-reportagem. Neste trabalho procuramos entender se o livro-reportagem seria uma saída para a manutenção de um jornalismo de qualidade ou se apenas mais uma possibilidade de jornalismo. Adotamos dois principais procedimentos metodológicos: revisão bibliográfica e entrevistas em profundidade, realizadas com quatro jornalistas-autores e uma autora de livro de repórter. As principais referências bibliográficas utilizadas foram Pereira Lima, pioneiro nos estudos sobre livro-reportagem no Brasil; Zarate Maciel, cuja principal subárea de pesquisa é o livro-reportagem; e Catalão Jr. Esta dissertação constata a falta de tempo, no cotidiano das redações, para a produção de reportagens aprofundadas e contextualizadas, que encontram espaço no livro-reportagem. Este formato, entretanto, apresenta obstáculos próprios, dos quais destacamos o exíguo retorno financeiro com o produto editorial. / [en] Books and newspapers are important objects of knowledge, which shape our way of understanding the world. Driven by the advancement of digital technologies and by the increase in competition for the advertising fraction, a press crisis is currently identified – drawing attention to the disruption of the journalism business model, occurred in the context of what César Bolano calls the Third Industrial Revolution. Newsrooms reduction, functions accumulation and pressure for immediate publications on platforms and social media are a recurring reality. How will good quality journalism be produced in such a conjuncture of financial difficulties of the traditional newsrooms and scarce time to deepen the writing? Different possibilities are being considered. Here, we propose to think about one of these attempts that, despite not having originated in this context, finds space in this scenario: the book-report. In this work we try to understand if the book-report would be a way of maintaining quality journalism or if it is just another possibility of journalism. We adopted two main methodological procedures: bibliographic review and in-depth interviews, carried out with four journalist-authors and one author of a reporter s book. Our main bibliographic references were Pereira Lima, pioneer in studies on book-reports in Brazil; Zarate Maciel, whose main research subarea is the book-report; and Catalão Jr. This dissertation notes the lack of time, in daily newsrooms, for the production of in-depth and contextualized reports, which finds space in the book-report. This format, however, presents its own obstacles, of which we highlight the meager financial return.

El objetivo de la presente investigación es comprender como se visibilizan las movilizaciones feministas, a través del registro que hacen ambos actores sociales: periodistas e infociudadanas. Además, de conocer como la visualización integra a la audiencia digital en el escenario de las redes sociales. Entonces, para el análisis se recopiló los datos de nueve entrevistados que han cubierto las marchas feministas del 8M y 25N, las cuales son las manifestaciones más importantes que se desarrollan en el país y el mundo. Asimismo, se estudió el material escrito y audiovisual: tres fuentes escritas, seis transmisiones en vivo y un vídeo. Por ello, se propone un análisis documental de la revisión de piezas periodísticas y entrevistas semi estructuradas a profundidad de periodistas de El Comercio, Wayka e infociudadanas feministas. / The aim of this research is to understand how feminist mobilizations are made visible through the record made by both social actors: journalists and infocitizens. In addition, to know how visualization integrates the digital audience in the social networks scenario. So, for the analysis, the data of nine interviewees who have covered the feminist marches of the 8M and 25N were collected, which are the most important manifestations that take place in the country and the world. Likewise, the written and audiovisual material was studied: three written sources, six live broadcasts and one video. For this reason, a documentary analysis of the review of journalistic pieces and semi-structured in-depth interviews. / Trabajo de investigación