James Shirley's The Dukes Mistris was licensed in 1636 and published in 1638. The play has not previously been edited in accordance with modern bibliographical standards; the only available text outside copies of the original Quarto is the modernised edition prepared by William Gi'fford and Alexander Dyce for The Dramatic Works and Poems of 1833. This edition aims to revive critical and dramatic interest in the play itself while establishing a text which will provide a sound basis for scholars and students of Renaissance drama alike. My edition is based on a collation of twenty copies of the 1638 Quarto (at least six of each of the three variant states which exist). All variant readings deriving from press correction are recorded. The original spelling has been retained and punctuation is emended sparingly. All emendations are included in the textual footnotes, and substantive emendations are discussed in the commentary. The commentary includes interpretive comments, glosses, textual notes, dramatic analogues and explanation of contemporary references. The Dukes Mistris, a tragicomedy, was written during a period when Charles I was ruling without Parliament and when prlciosite was flourishing at court. One of the most significant aspects of the play, I believe, is its relevance to the contemporary political and social situation.' The introduction to the edition discusses in some detail the thematic concerns of the play and their context: love and service, the royal prerogative and Platonic love. While the ideas of the play add considerable interest, they are set in a chain of love entanglements which are conventional in tragicomedy. Shirley's dramatic craftsmanship is approached from the perspective of tragicomedy and its conventions since the language, characterisation and structure of the play reflect his skilful blending of tragic and comic modes. The Dukes Mistris makes no profound statements but it is successful tragicomedy and effective theatre. In play-text, introduction and commentary, the staging of the play receives consideration in the hope that this edition will encourage production on the modern stage.

The purpose of this paper is to show that the English dramatic grotesque is linked inextricably with the medieval stage upon which it originated and that the contemporary Theatre of the Absurd, as it has been called, has at its base a philosophy distinctly medieval which initially gave rise to that dramatic grotesque. This thesis presupposes three essential points of examination. First, the term "English dramatic grotesque" must be completely understood. This task shall be accomplished by a look at the etymology of the term through analysis of its historical background and by definition. Next, the origins of the English dramatic grotesque in medieval culture will be revealed. Finally, correlations between the medieval stage and the Theatre of the Absurd will be drawn, thereby completing the most important observation made in the thesis. While much has been written about the grotesque and the literature of the grotesque, surprisingly few authors have concerned themselves with the various manifestations of the grotesque when presented upon the stage. Because of this, chapter two, though perhaps not concerned directly with the paper's thesis, is, however, a valuable touchstone of meditation upon the subject of the grotesque in drama. May it, as well as the rest of the paper, serve to stimulate thought and further investigation into the topics raised. But most importantly, may it serve to stimulate imagination which after all is the precursor of all aesthetic endeavors.

Orientador: Sylvia Helena Telarolli de Almeida Leite / Banca: Emerson Calil Rossetti / Banca: Juliana Santini / Banca: Maria Celeste Consolin Dezotti / Banca: Teresa Maria Grubisich / Resumo: Este trabalho tem o objetivo de investigar a figura do malandro, num corpus selecionado dentre as obras de Arthur Azevedo, ―maior autor do teatro brasileiro cômico‖, segundo Guinsburg et al (2006). Nossa hipótese é a de que o dramaturgo, na criação dessa personagem central e significativa nas peças referidas, parte da convenção da comédia que estabelece o uso de personagens da camada média ou baixa da população, do substrato do criado astuto da Comédia Nova e de seus congêneres posteriores até chegar ao que denominamos malandro azevediano. Essa figura teria ali duas importantes funções: a de satirizar o governo e as elites por criarem condições para a disseminação tanto dos malandros quanto da malandragem e a de conferir recriação estética aos homens e mulheres, que, por serem do povo, rapidamente seriam esquecidos. A fim de comprovar essa ideia, dividimos o estudo em quatro partes, a saber: a primeira, cujo escopo é conhecer, brevemente, a vida, a obra e a crítica sobre A. Azevedo; em seguida, explanar acerca das relações entre trabalho e ociosidade estabelecidas pelos brasileiros de então, e averiguar, partindo do conceito de ―navegação social‖, os esquemas de sobrevivência empreendidos pelas personagens em algumas cenas do corpus. Na terceira seção, procuramos rastrear a utilização do criado ardiloso, na Comédia Nova, passamos pelos Zanni e por Arlequim, cotejamos ainda as figuras do trickster, do pícaro e a do próprio malandro. Por fim, munidos das noções de cômico e de satírico, buscamos interpretar o malandro presente na dramaturgia azevediana. O referencial teórico usado vincula-se a pesquisas de diversas áreas: antropologia social, dramaturgia, sociologia, historiografia teatral, história da vida privada, literatura cômica e/ou satírica, linguística e outras / Abstract: Our aim is to investigate the figure of the crook within a corpus made up of some of Arthur Azevedo's works. Azevedo is ―the greatest Brazilian comic theatrical author‖, according to Guinsburg et al (2006). It is our hypothesis that this playwright bases this historical leading character on a comedy convention that determines the use of characters from lower social classes, from the streetwise orderly of New Comedy up to his later congénere and what we call today the ―azevedian crook‖. This character supposedly has two important purposes: to poke fun at the government and the upper classes for providing the conditions that allowed the dissemination of crooks and also the purpose of esthetically recreating men and women who would soon be forgotten because they belonged to the lower classes. To prove our theory, we divided our study in four parts: the first one is a brief look into the life, the work and the reviews about A. Azevedo; next, we intend to talk about the relation between work and idleness of the Brazilians who lived in that period. We also intend to look into the concept of "social navigation" and the survival strategies used by some characters from corpus. In the third section we focus on the sleazy servant of New Comedy, on Zanni and Harlequin and conclude the section with a look on trickster, picaro and the crook himself. Finally, we use the concept of comical and satirical to interpret the crook of Azevedo's drama. Our theoretical references comes from researches from several areas: social antropology, dramatics, sociology, theatrical historiography, history of private life, comical/satirical literature, linguistics among others / Doutor

Orientador: Renata Soares Junqueira / Banca: Brunno Vinícius Gonçalves Vieira / Banca: Rodrigo Tadeu Gonçalves / Resumo: As peças cômicas do luso-brasileiro Antônio José da Silva (1705-1739) - mais conhecido na História da Literatura pela alcunha de O Judeu - apresentam uma grande diversidade de recursos cênicos e literários cuja função primordial, além de provocar o riso espontâneo, é a de maravilhar os sentidos do espectador. Vários desses recursos, como os disfarces e os duelos - além dos trocadilhos e de outros expedientes de linguagem - são componentes de natureza lúdica, isto é, são pertinentes ao domínio do jogo. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar, à luz dos estudos sobre o lúdico desenvolvidos pelo historiador Johan Huizinga (1872-1945) - e de outros estudos sobre as relações entre arte e ludicidade -, a hipótese de que o teatro de Antônio José da Silva configura-se tal qual um jogo, que se desdobra em competições amorosas, verbais e sociais. O corpus primário, sobre o qual incide a nossa análise, é constituído por três óperas joco-sérias do Judeu: Esopaida ou vida de Esopo (1734), Os encantos de Medeia (1735) e Guerras do Alecrim e Manjerona (1737). Cada elemento deste corpus representa, respectivamente, uma das três fontes principais da produção teatral do comediógrafo: a literária, a mitológica e a histórica / Abstract: The comedies of Luso-Brazilian Antônio José da Silva (1705-1739) - known in the History of Literature by the nickname Jew - have a great diversity of scenic and literary resources, whose primary function, besides causing the spontaneous laughter, is the marvel of the senses of the viewer. Several of these resources, such as disguises and duels - as well as puns and other expedients of language - are components of playful nature; they present features of game. The objective of this project is to verify, in the light of studies on the playful developed by historian Johan Huizinga (1872-1945) - and other studies on the relationship between art and playful - the hypothesis that the theater of Antônio José da Silva is characterized as if it were a game that unfolds in loving, verbal and social competitions. The primary corpus of the research will consist of three Jew's operas joco-serious, namely: Esopaida ou vida de Esopo (1734), Os encantos de Medeia (1735) e Guerras do Alecrim e Manjerona (1737). Each element of this corpus represents, respectively, one of the three main sources of writer's comic production: the literary, mythological and historical / Mestre

MA (Fine Art), School of Arts, Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011 / This dissertation offers the dramatic genre of tragicomedy as a critical entry point to the interpretation of Robert Hodgins' oeuvre. It examines the possible formal corresponding properties between tragicomedy, as outlined by Verna Foster, and selected paintings from Hodgins' oeuvre. These mechanisms involve the juxtaposition of conflicting impressions, such as those created by instances of the grotesque, the employment of multiple perspectives and the play-within-the-play. The paintings Madhouse with a View of Tyburn, Three Characters in Search of a Painter– and I know some smart-ass critic will say: 'Well, they didn't find him, did they?' and A Conservative Still Life feature in this discussion. It addresses tragicomedy and Hodgins' dualist visions and their potential to be interpreted politically as oblique comments on homogenised culture. It discusses tragicomedy as an ambivalent and abrasive theatrical form and suggests that the deliberate artifice in both Hodgins and tragicomedy can be approached as a mental projection. The plot features of Renaissance and late modern tragicomedy are compared to Hodgins' employment of anonymous figures and the figures' relation to their backgrounds. The notion of late modern tragicomedy as indicative of the death of tragedy and the tragic hero is introduced. The proliferation of everyday people as central characters in late modern tragicomedy is addressed and the relevance of Hodgins' use of stereotypes and caricature considered. The dissertation examines the political climate that informed the presentation of power of pertinent creative practitioners. A Beast Slouches is discussed as a manifestation of absurd power with reference to Yeats, Shakespeare and Jarry. It investigates Hodgins' appropriation of Jarry's Ubu as displayed in the lithograph series, Ubu Centenaire: Histoire d'un Farceur Criminel and draws a comparison with Ionesco's Macbett. It introduces the view of tragicomedy as the employment of a comic foundation with which to approach the tragic in a post Second World War paradigm and reasons that Hodgins, likewise, formally applies a comic caricature-like visual language to approach complex or tragic themes. The works on my exhibition, Masters: A Tragicomedy in Two acts of February 2011 is discussed in relation to this body of research.

This thesis explores the intersection between the study of Shakespearean drama and the theory and practice of early modern dramatic genres. It reassesses the significance of tragedy and the idea of the tragic within three separate yet related generic frames: tragedy, history, and tragicomedy. Behind this research lies the fundamental question of how newly emerging dramatic genres allow Shakespeare to explore tragedy within different aesthetic and dramatic contexts, and of how they allow his writing to move beyond tragedy. The thesis begins by looking at Shakespeare’s deployment of the complex trope of “nothing”. “Nothing” as a rhetorical trope and metaphysical idea appears across many of the tragedies, often becoming a focal point for the dramatic representation of scepticism, loss and nihilism. The trope is often associated with the space of the theatre, and sometimes with the dramaturgy of tragedy itself. However, it is also deployed within the histories and tragicomedies at certain moments which might equally be called tragic. “Nothing” therefore provides a starting-point for thinking about how the genres of history and tragicomedy engage with tragedy. Part I focuses on tragedy, including extended readings of Timon of Athens and King Lear. It explores Shakespearean drama as a response to the pressures of the early modern cultural preoccupation with, and anxiety about, scepticism. Stanley Cavell and other critics of early modern dramatic scepticism have tended to locate this engagement with scepticism within tragedy. However, this section shows that the same sceptical problematic is addressed across Shakespearean dramatic genres, with very different results. It then explores why scepticism should display a particular affinity for tragedy as a dramatic genre. Part II focuses on history, with particular reference to Richard II and Henry V. The trope of “nothing” is used as a starting-point to explore the intersection between Shakespearean history and tragedy. Engaging with Walter Benjamin’s theory of baroque tragedy as Trauerspiel (mourning-plays) rooted in history, it argues that Trauerspiel provides a useful generic framework against which to consider the mournful aesthetic of Shakespeare’s histories. Part III focuses on early modern tragicomedy and The Winter’s Tale, asking how Shakespeare achieves the transition from tragedy to tragicomedy in his later writing. It explores tragicomedy’s background on the early modern stage in theory and practice, paying particular attention to Guarini’s theory that pastoral tragicomedy frees its hearers from melancholy, and to the legacy of medieval religious drama and its engagement with faith and belief. Returning to the trope of “nothing”, this section shows that The Winter’s Tale addresses the same sceptical problematic as the earlier tragedies. Arguing that scepticism opens up a space for tragedy and nihilism in the first half of The Winter’s Tale, it demonstrates that Shakespeare finds in the genre of tragicomedy an aesthetic and dramatic form which allows him to move through, and beyond, the claims of tragedy.

Esta dissertação, As formas dramáticas do cômico e do trágico em La Celestina, analisa quatro personagens da obra Tragicomedia de Calisto y Melibea ou La Celestina atribuida a Fernando de Rojas. A análise apresenta, a partir de leituras críticas e teóricas, elementos de comicidade e de tragicidade na trajetória das personagens Calisto, Centurio, Celestina e Melibea. O texto é composto de introdução, três capítulos e as considerações finais. Na Introdução, apresentamos um breve histórico das principais críticas instituídas à obra, principalmente, no que diz respeito ao seu gênero literário. No primeiro capítulo, procuramos apontar algumas das diversas formas de comicidade que propiciam o riso no comportamento das personagens Calisto e Centurio; no segundo, apresentamos os elementos pertencentes às teorias do trágico, em seu sentido clássico e moderno, que estão presentes ou se relacionam às ações de Melibea; no terceiro e último capítulo, do mesmo modo, indicamos os possíveis elementos trágicos no comportamento de Celestina. E por fim, as Considerações finais, nas quais, após análise, entendemos que as personagens masculinas, Calisto e Centurio, desempenham uma função cômica na obra, ao passo que as duas femininas, Celestina e Melibea, são responsáveis por grande parte dos aspectos trágicos da referida obra. / This dissertation examines four characters of the work Tragicomedia de Calisto y Melibea or La Celestina attributed to Fernando de Rojas. The analysis shows, from critical and theoretical readings, elements of comicality and tragic in the path of the characters Calisto, Centurio, Celestina and Melibea. The text consists of an introduction, three chapters and final considerations. In the Introduction, a brief history of the main comments attributed to the work is presented, primarily related to its literary genre. In the first chapter, we point out some of the various forms of humor which provide laughter in the behavior of the characters Calisto and Centurio; in the second chapter, we present the elements belonging to the theories of tragedy in its classical and modern sense, which are present or are related to the actions of Melibea; similarly, in the third and final chapter, we indicated the possible tragic elements in the behavior of Celestina. And finally, the closing comments, in which, after the analysis, we believe the male characters, Calisto and Centurio, play a comic role in the piece, while the two women, Celestina and Melibea, are responsible for most of the tragic aspects of the work.

Thesis--Gothenburg University. / Bibliography: p. 227-234.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-04-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:53:04Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_en_me_arafcl.pdf: 422502 bytes, checksum: d3f2c2c1588c12579f8b34b1ea785ca2 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / As peças cômicas do luso-brasileiro Antônio José da Silva (1705-1739) — mais conhecido na História da Literatura pela alcunha de O Judeu — apresentam uma grande diversidade de recursos cênicos e literários cuja função primordial, além de provocar o riso espontâneo, é a de maravilhar os sentidos do espectador. Vários desses recursos, como os disfarces e os duelos — além dos trocadilhos e de outros expedientes de linguagem — são componentes de natureza lúdica, isto é, são pertinentes ao domínio do jogo. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar, à luz dos estudos sobre o lúdico desenvolvidos pelo historiador Johan Huizinga (1872-1945) — e de outros estudos sobre as relações entre arte e ludicidade —, a hipótese de que o teatro de Antônio José da Silva configura-se tal qual um jogo, que se desdobra em competições amorosas, verbais e sociais. O corpus primário, sobre o qual incide a nossa análise, é constituído por três óperas joco-sérias do Judeu: Esopaida ou vida de Esopo (1734), Os encantos de Medeia (1735) e Guerras do Alecrim e Manjerona (1737). Cada elemento deste corpus representa, respectivamente, uma das três fontes principais da produção teatral do comediógrafo: a literária, a mitológica e a histórica / The comedies of Luso-Brazilian Antônio José da Silva (1705-1739) – known in the History of Literature by the nickname Jew – have a great diversity of scenic and literary resources, whose primary function, besides causing the spontaneous laughter, is the marvel of the senses of the viewer. Several of these resources, such as disguises and duels – as well as puns and other expedients of language – are components of playful nature; they present features of game. The objective of this project is to verify, in the light of studies on the playful developed by historian Johan Huizinga (1872-1945) – and other studies on the relationship between art and playful – the hypothesis that the theater of Antônio José da Silva is characterized as if it were a game that unfolds in loving, verbal and social competitions. The primary corpus of the research will consist of three Jew's operas joco-serious, namely: Esopaida ou vida de Esopo (1734), Os encantos de Medeia (1735) e Guerras do Alecrim e Manjerona (1737). Each element of this corpus represents, respectively, one of the three main sources of writer’s comic production: the literary, mythological and historical

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-05-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:44:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 boero_saal_dr_arafcl.pdf: 1342330 bytes, checksum: adbd99c984c7951513e05d833a3068ce (MD5) / Este trabalho tem o objetivo de investigar a figura do malandro, num corpus selecionado dentre as obras de Arthur Azevedo, ―maior autor do teatro brasileiro cômico‖, segundo Guinsburg et al (2006). Nossa hipótese é a de que o dramaturgo, na criação dessa personagem central e significativa nas peças referidas, parte da convenção da comédia que estabelece o uso de personagens da camada média ou baixa da população, do substrato do criado astuto da Comédia Nova e de seus congêneres posteriores até chegar ao que denominamos malandro azevediano. Essa figura teria ali duas importantes funções: a de satirizar o governo e as elites por criarem condições para a disseminação tanto dos malandros quanto da malandragem e a de conferir recriação estética aos homens e mulheres, que, por serem do povo, rapidamente seriam esquecidos. A fim de comprovar essa ideia, dividimos o estudo em quatro partes, a saber: a primeira, cujo escopo é conhecer, brevemente, a vida, a obra e a crítica sobre A. Azevedo; em seguida, explanar acerca das relações entre trabalho e ociosidade estabelecidas pelos brasileiros de então, e averiguar, partindo do conceito de ―navegação social‖, os esquemas de sobrevivência empreendidos pelas personagens em algumas cenas do corpus. Na terceira seção, procuramos rastrear a utilização do criado ardiloso, na Comédia Nova, passamos pelos Zanni e por Arlequim, cotejamos ainda as figuras do trickster, do pícaro e a do próprio malandro. Por fim, munidos das noções de cômico e de satírico, buscamos interpretar o malandro presente na dramaturgia azevediana. O referencial teórico usado vincula-se a pesquisas de diversas áreas: antropologia social, dramaturgia, sociologia, historiografia teatral, história da vida privada, literatura cômica e/ou satírica, linguística e outras / Our aim is to investigate the figure of the crook within a corpus made up of some of Arthur Azevedo‘s works. Azevedo is ―the greatest Brazilian comic theatrical author‖, according to Guinsburg et al (2006). It is our hypothesis that this playwright bases this historical leading character on a comedy convention that determines the use of characters from lower social classes, from the streetwise orderly of New Comedy up to his later congénere and what we call today the ―azevedian crook‖. This character supposedly has two important purposes: to poke fun at the government and the upper classes for providing the conditions that allowed the dissemination of crooks and also the purpose of esthetically recreating men and women who would soon be forgotten because they belonged to the lower classes. To prove our theory, we divided our study in four parts: the first one is a brief look into the life, the work and the reviews about A. Azevedo; next, we intend to talk about the relation between work and idleness of the Brazilians who lived in that period. We also intend to look into the concept of social navigation and the survival strategies used by some characters from corpus. In the third section we focus on the sleazy servant of New Comedy, on Zanni and Harlequin and conclude the section with a look on trickster, picaro and the crook himself. Finally, we use the concept of comical and satirical to interpret the crook of Azevedo's drama. Our theoretical references comes from researches from several areas: social antropology, dramatics, sociology, theatrical historiography, history of private life, comical/satirical literature, linguistics among others