<p>The purpose of this thesis is to clarify the grounds upon which an arbitration clause may be binding in the new relationship between the parties after a transfer of rights and/or obligations. The issue is not regulated by law but instead it has been left to the Supreme Court to regulate. In the Emja-case the Swedish Supreme Court left guidance on the issue. The Supreme Court stated that a third party purchaser of a right where the contract includes an arbitration clause shall be bound by the clause. The arbitration clause is only binding to the remaining part of the initial agreement if no special circumstances exist. The binding effect was justified by the reason that a situation where the purchaser but not the remaining part should be bound to the clause was not sought after and the principle through the 27 § of the Swedish debt instruments act.</p>

The purpose of this thesis is to clarify the grounds upon which an arbitration clause may be binding in the new relationship between the parties after a transfer of rights and/or obligations. The issue is not regulated by law but instead it has been left to the Supreme Court to regulate. In the Emja-case the Swedish Supreme Court left guidance on the issue. The Supreme Court stated that a third party purchaser of a right where the contract includes an arbitration clause shall be bound by the clause. The arbitration clause is only binding to the remaining part of the initial agreement if no special circumstances exist. The binding effect was justified by the reason that a situation where the purchaser but not the remaining part should be bound to the clause was not sought after and the principle through the 27 § of the Swedish debt instruments act.

This essay is about third-party sexual harassment. That type of harassment occurs when a person who isn’t employed by the company harasses an employee. It may be a customer, guest, client, patient or similar. Statistics show that sexual harassment by third parties is more common than sexual harassment by employers or colleagues. The purpose of this essay is to find out and analyze what regulation there is regarding the subject and whether the protection for employees against third parties is stronger or weaker in comparison to the protection that exists against employers and colleagues. The essay will also pay attention to sanctions to be able to compare the penalties in different laws. With an application of the legal dogmatic method, sources of law such as legislation, legislative history, case law, and doctrine have been analyzed to fulfill the purpose and answer the questions asked. Although third-party sexual harassment is more common than when the harasser is an employer or colleague, the legal investigation shows that the protection against third parties is insufficient. The protection against employers and colleagues, on the other hand, is both clearer and more solid. Despite the gaps in current regulation, the future seems bright. There is more than one proposal on how to make improvements in this area, both within Swedish, international and EU law.

Syfte: Undersöka vad som påverkar privata investerare inom crowdfunding equity i Sverige i deras investeringsbeslut och hur informationsgapet hanteras. Teori: Informationsgap inkluderar, pecking order, asymmetrisk information, negativt urval och moraliskt dilemma som kommer att hanteras tillsammans med beteendekonomi inkluderar flockbeteende, “Word of mouth”, nätverk och legitimitet. Tillsammans med tidigare forskning om crowdfunding equity och finansiella gap. Metod: Explorativ studie med 10 kvalitativa intervjuer med privatinvesterare inom crowdfunding equity. Slutsats: Resultatet visar att investerare använder emotionella grunder för sina investeringar på då företag inom crowdfunding equity tenderar att ha kortare historik som omöjliggör fullt rationella investeringsbeslut. Empirin tyder på att investerare köper andelar i företag för egen vinning men även på grund av sociala aspekter som ger dem en känsla av att delta. Informationsgapet bryggas genom att investerare tenderar att använda flockbeteende och tredje-parts information för att skapa sin uppfattning om företaget inför en investering.