The coffee industry affects both people and the environment in a negative way, which is an aspect coffee producers are forced to relate to. Today, more and more organizations are involved in CSR and communication about CSR. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine young consumers of Generation Y, their attitudes and opinions towards coffee producers' CSR work and its communication on CSR. The study has two research questions “what does Arvid Nordquist communicates about its CSR work through their official website?” and “what kind of attitudes and opinions does a group of young consumers have on coffee producers' CSR work and communication on CSR?” For this study two theories have been used, the CSR theory Triple Bottom Line as a theoretical starting point and Deegan Unerman’s theory on the social contract, based on Freeman’s stakeholder theory, as a theoretical framework. This qualitative study used two methods of data collection. First, a document analysis of Arvid Nordquists offical website. Secondly, a focus group interview with young consumer of Generation Y. The conclusion that can be drawn from our research is that consumers from Generation Y are positive to CSR as a phenomenon, but that communication of CSR is followed by scepticism in combination with ignorance. This paper sheds light on a issue that in previous research has used quantitative methods, while this study uses qualitative methods. The importance of this paper is its contribution to how organizations can improve their communication of CSR to young consumers.

Diplomová práce se zabývá problematikou rozvoje širokopásmového připojení (broadbandu) k Internetu v České republice. Snaží se odpovědět na otázky nízké penetrace domácností Internetem u nás a překážek jejího rozvoje. Práce ve své úvodní části obsahuje analýzu v Česku nejrozšířenějších dostupných možností připojení k Internetu a jednotlivých nabízených služeb včetně formulace nutných podmínek na trhu pro rozvoj broadbandu v ČR. Na tuto analýzu navazuje kapitola trendů v oblasti broadbandu, tedy pohled na plány významných subjektů v Česku i ve světě, na současnou do jisté míry latentní poptávku po službách využívajících broadband infrastrukturu a projektované zákaznické potřeby. Z této analýzy vyplývají důležité závěry, které jsou následně využity pro formulaci doporučení v podobě klíčových faktorů úspěchu firem působících na broadband trhu. Další text práce se rovněž zabývá současným stavem GTS Novera a dívá se i na její veřejně dostupné plány dalšího rozvoje. Načerpané teoretické znalosti jsou následně použity ke zpracování samotného přínosu práce, jímž je case studie zasíťování modelového pražského sídliště broadband infrastrukturou a navržení reálného technicko-ekonomicko-obchodního modelu pro společnost GTS Novera k realizaci byznys plánu v těchto konkrétních podmínkách. Následně jsou tyto výsledky zasazeny do rámce studie návratnosti investice s návrhem nových služeb pro další rozvoj společnosti GTS Novera.

O transistor de efeito de campo por aletas de porta tripla de corpo (Bulk-FinFET) é um dispositivo com aplicações comerciais e possui algumas vantagens sobre os FinFETs de porta tripla SOI (Silício sobre Isolante - Silicon on Insulator). Estas vantagens são devidas ao custo da lâmina mais competitivo e maior quantidade de fabricantes de lâmina de silício, além da compatibilidade com processos de tecnologias convencionais de substrato de silício e melhor dissipação térmica. Aplicações aeroespaciais estão sujeitas à incidência das radiações ionizantes de partículas e eletromagnéticas. Os efeitos permanentes das radiações ionizantes criam cargas positivas nos óxidos dos transistores. São afetados os óxidos de porta e os óxidos de isolação, podendo levar os transistores a degradação e falha. Neste trabalho foi avaliado o impacto das radiações ionizantes de prótons de 60 MeV em FinFETs de porta tripla de corpo. O seu desempenho elétrico em aplicações de CIs CMOS analógicos após as radiações ionizantes comparando-os com dispositivos não radiados. Esta radiação possui de uma energia radiante bem maior que as radiações ionizantes presentes nas regiões do espaço visando o estudo do pior caso. Por isso se estes dispositivos funcionarem com essas radiações ionizantes extremas, acreditamos que irão funcionar nas regiões que contêm as radiações ionizantes naturais. Foram estudados FinFET\'s do tipo-n e do tipo-p. Os dispositivos estudados foram irradiados não polarizados. Foram extraídas curvas da corrente de dreno em função da tensão aplicada na porta em baixos e altos campos elétricos longitudinais e verticais e avaliado o comportamento dos dispositivos nas regiões de corte e condução. Foi medida também a curva da corrente de dreno em função da tensão aplicada no dreno para a obtenção dos principais parâmetros analógicos, como o ganho de tensão intrínseco, a transcondutância máxima em saturação e a condutância de saída. Todas as curvas foram extraídas para FinFETs de porta tripla de corpo com deferentes dimensões de comprimentos de canal (35, 70, 130 e 1000 nm) e diferentes larguras das aletas (20, 130 e 1000 nm). Devido às cargas induzidas no óxido de isolação pelas radiações ionizantes de prótons, os dispositivos com larguras das aletas mais estreitas apresentaram altas correntes de fuga no dreno na região de corte, tanto com campo elétrico longitudinal decorrente de uma polarização de dreno de 50 mV, quanto para campo elétrico longitudinal decorrente de uma tensão de dreno de 800 mV. Foi observado também, reduções nos valores das tensões de limiar nos dispositivos radiados em torno de 50 mV nos dispositivos estudados quando comparado as condições dos dispositivos pré-radiados. Nos parâmetros analógicos, houve redução significativa no ganho intrínseco de tensão nos dispositivos do tipo-n com maior comprimento de canal após as radiações ionizantes, ao comparar com dispositivos não radiados. O ganho intrínseco de tensão nos dispositivos tipo-n não radiado com comprimento de canal de 1000 nm é em torno de 55 dB. Este valor foi reduzido para cerca de 40 dB nos dispositivos com comprimento de canal de 1000 nm após a radiação. A principal influência na degradação do ganho intrínseco de tensão se deve a alteração da condutância de saída nos dispositivos radiados com comprimento de canal de 1000 nm. / The bulk triple gate fin field effect transistor (Bulk-FinFET) is a devie with comercial aplication and have some advantages versus triple gate SOI (silicon on insulator) FinFET. These advantages are due the low cost of wafer and more quantity of manufacturers; also process more compatible with conventional technologies of silicon substrate and better thermal dissipation. Aerospace applications are subject to particles and electromagnetic ionizing radiation. The permanent effects of ionizing radiation create positive charges on transistor oxide. The gate and isolation oxide are affect by ionizing radiation can lead degrade and failures. This work evaluates the influence of 60 MeV proton ionizing radiation in bulk FinFETs. The electrical performance on analogs CMOS ICs application after ionizing radiation when compared with non-radiated devices. This radiation has a radiant energy higher than ionizing radiation present on space regions, so this work looks the worst case. So if these devices work with these extreme ionizing radiations, these devices will work in natural environment. It was studied n type and p type FinFETs. The studied devices were irradiated non polarized. It were extracted figures of drain current in function of gate voltage in low and high, longitudinal and vertical electrical field, was evaluated the devices behavior on off and conduction region. The extracted, also, the figure of drain in function of gate voltage to obtain the main analog parameters, like intrinsic voltage gain, maximum transconductance in saturation and output conductance. All the figures was extracted for tri gate bulk FinFETs with different channel length dimensions (35, 70, 130 and 1000 nm) and different weight fins (20, 130 and 1000 nm). Due induced charges on isolation oxide by proton ionizing radiation, the devices with narrow fins presented high leakage current on off region, in both longitudinal electrical fields, with 50 mV and 800mV polarization in drain voltage. It was observed also, reduction on threshold voltage on radiated devices around 50 mV if compared with non-radiated devices. In the analog parameters has a significant reduction on voltage intrinsic gain on largest channel length n type devices after ionizing radiation when compared with non-radiated devices. The intrinsic voltage gain on non-radiated n type devices with 1000 nm of channel length is around of 55 dB and this value was reduced to 40 dB on 1000 nm of channel length radiated devices. The main influence on voltage intrinsic gain degradation due to change on output conduction on 1000 nm of channel length radiated devices.

Esta pesquisa realiza um estudo da relação entre universidades-centros de pesquisa e empresas no setor de biomateriais, no estado do Paraná (Brasil). Os dados foram levantados por meio de entrevistas exploratórias realizadas com onze líderes de grupos de pesquisa, com representantes dos setores de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de quatro empresas ligadas ao setor de biomateriais e com os responsáveis pelos Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica das universidades contempladas pela pesquisa. Os resultados das entrevistas com os pesquisadores mostram as motivações para o estabelecimento das parcerias, as principais dificuldades, bem como as lacunas que dificultam o avanço das pesquisas no estado. As entrevistas exploratórias com os representantes das empresas identificaram as motivações para o estabelecimento das parcerias, as formas utilizadas para identificar os pesquisadores, as principais dificuldades, bem como as principais lacunas nesta relação. Foi realizada também uma pesquisa bibliográfica a respeito dos mecanismos governamentais de apoio, na qual foram levantadas as principais legislações federais sobre o processo de inovação, as legislações locais e os principais mecanismos de subvenção atuantes no estado. Por fim, foram identificadas e analisadas as boas práticas implantadas pelas empresas e universidades-centros de pesquisa. Este trabalho finaliza com a apresentação de dois protocolos de boas práticas disponibilizados para empresas e instituições de pesquisa, e um protocolo de ações para o governo, com o objetivo de aprimorar esta relação, tão importante para o desenvolvimento científico-tecnológico no país. / This research conducts a study of the interaction between universities-research centers and companies on the biomaterials industry in the state of Paraná (Brazil). Data were collected through exploratory interviews with eleven leaders of research groups, with representatives of research and development areas of four companies linked to the biomaterials sector and with those responsible for Technological Innovation Centers in universities covered by this study. The results of the interviews with the researchers show the motivations for the establishment of partnerships, the main difficulties, as well as the gaps that hinder the progress of research in the state. The exploratory interviews with representatives of companies identified the motivations for the establishment of partnerships, the ways used to identify the researchers, the main difficulties, as well as the main gaps in this regard. It was also performed a bibliographic research regarding government support mechanisms, in which were surveyed main federal laws about the process of innovation, local laws and the mechanisms of subvention in the state. Finally, were identified and analyzed the best practices implemented by companies and universities-research centers. This study concludes with the presentation of two protocols of best practices made available for companies and research institutions, and a protocol of suggestions to the government, aiming to improve these relations, so important to the scientific and technological development in this country.

Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-05-24T20:52:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexandreBrunoCosta.pdf: 1706287 bytes, checksum: 26afdd10399a7c0b581420813a86df96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-24T20:52:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexandreBrunoCosta.pdf: 1706287 bytes, checksum: 26afdd10399a7c0b581420813a86df96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-26 / This dissertation results of research on the Maranhão audiovisual production comprising the late 70's and part of the 80s, for we include production in Super-8 and 16mm, respectively: Periquito Sujo (1979), Greve da meia passagem (1979-1980), Quem matou Elias Zí? (1986), Bandeiras Verdes (1988) in order to investigate the potential for communicability and representativeness of these works to maintain a cinematic identify from the methodology based on the triple mimesis and construction of narrative identities. Empirical research framework Maranhão film works are awarded on the issues of cinematrographic Days, important movement for the construction and maintenance of Maranhão cinematic narrative identify. From the triple mimesis concept endorsed by Paul Ricoeur (2012), you can understand how filmic narratives that pass for ethical reasons, begin in broader terms of social and cultural environment insertion of the events narrated and only complete in the times of reading, this visual event, with effective participation of the viewer. / Essa dissertação resulta da pesquisa sobre a produção audiovisual maranhense que compreende o final da década de 70 e parte da década de 80, por incluirmos produções em Super-8 e em 16mm, respectivamente: Periquito Sujo (1979), Greve da meia passagem (1979-1980) e Quem matou Elias Zí? (1986), Bandeiras Verdes (1988) com o objetivo de investigar o potencial de comunicabilidade e de representatividade destas obras para a manutenção de uma identidade cinematográfica a partir da metodologia com base na tríplice mímesis e na construção das identidades narrativas. O referencial empírico da pesquisa são obras fílmicas maranhenses premiadas nas edições das Jornadas cinematográficas, movimento importante para a construção e manutenção da identidade narrativa cinematográfica maranhense. A partir da tríplice mímesis, conceito referendado por Paul Ricoeur (2012), será possível compreender como as narrativas fílmicas, que passam por questões éticas, têm início nas condições mais amplas do entorno social e cultural de inserção dos acontecimentos narrados e somente se completam no momento da leitura, neste caso visual, com a participação efetiva do espectador.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-21T17:32:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Luziray Barbosa Gra?a.pdf: 2757117 bytes, checksum: 08740a232f56f689a76ce5383647386f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-21T17:32:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Luziray Barbosa Gra?a.pdf: 2757117 bytes, checksum: 08740a232f56f689a76ce5383647386f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-28 / This dissertation is the result of a survey conducted in the city of Tabatinga, interior of the State of Amazonas, located in the triple border Brazil, Colombia and Peru. If addressed, in principle, consistent information to the border region, highlighting the educational, political, economic and social relations between the countries. In addition, the study highlighted the implementation of the Federal Institutes, created by Law 11.892/08, and the operation since its installation in the city of Tabatinga. Its general objective is to understand the perception of the school community about the Instituto Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Amazonas (IFAM) - campus Tabatinga, weaving an analysis guided the views of internal and external students at the Institute. At first, the focus of the work focused on the presentation of the IFAM campus Tabatinga to tabatinguense school community, considering the offer of vocational technical education to the population. In the second phase, the research highlighted the perception of the school community about the training at the Federal Institute, established in the municipality. The proposal was developed through an exploratory research, with qualitative and quantitative approaches, and using the literature research, document and case study. As data collection instruments were used participant observation and questionnaires. So with the analysis of the study, we believe that the reality experienced by the school community of Tabatinga, and the prospects of these students make up aspects that enable discussion and planning strategies capable of enhancing positive actions for the educational development process, also remedying the obstacles that hinder local growth, guiding the defining issues of the direction of the institution and the region. / A presente disserta??o ? resultado de uma pesquisa realizada no ?mbito do munic?pio de Tabatinga, interior do estado do Amazonas, localizado na tr?plice fronteira Brasil, Col?mbia e Peru. Abordou-se, a princ?pio, informa??es relativas ? regi?o fronteiri?a, destacando as rela??es educacionais, pol?ticas, econ?micas e sociais entre os pa?ses. Al?m disso, o estudo ressaltou a implanta??o dos Institutos Federais, criados atrav?s da Lei 11.892/08, e a atua??o do IFAM desde sua instala??o na cidade de Tabatinga. Teve como objetivo geral a compreens?o da percep??o da comunidade escolar sobre o Instituto Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Amazonas (IFAM) campus Tabatinga, tecendo uma an?lise pautada nas vis?es de alunos internos e externos ao Instituto. No primeiro momento, o foco do trabalho concentrou-se na apresenta??o do IFAM campus Tabatinga ? comunidade escolar tabatinguense, considerando a oferta da educa??o t?cnica profissional ? popula??o. No segundo momento, a pesquisa destacou a percep??o da comunidade escolar quanto ? forma??o no Instituto Federal, implantado no munic?pio. A proposta foi desenvolvida atrav?s de uma pesquisa explorat?ria com abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, utilizando-se a investiga??o bibliogr?fica, documental e o estudo de caso. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados foram empregados a observa??o participante e o uso de question?rios. Assim, atrav?s da an?lise do estudo, considerou-se que a realidade vivenciada pela comunidade escolar de Tabatinga, bem como as perspectivas desses estudantes, comp?e aspectos que possibilitam a discuss?o e o planejamento de estrat?gias capazes de intensificar a??es positivas em prol do processo de evolu??o educacional, sanando tamb?m os entraves que dificultam o crescimento local, norteando as quest?es definidoras dos rumos da institui??o e da regi?o.

Esta dissertação pretende analisar a Guerra do Paraguai (1864-1870) como um problema da literatura brasileira, investigando a incorporação dos fatos históricos como objeto literário, a adequação aos gêneros e a construção de um posicionamento sobre a guerra por meio das obras. Para tanto, estuda-se a construção do heroísmo pelos poetas épicos e condoreiros, partindo-se das primeiras publicações sobre o tema nos jornais da época e das epopeias Riachuelo, de Pereira da Silva, e Glorias Brasileiras, de Antonio de Castro Mendonça Furtado, até a apropriação do tema da guerra pelos poetas do condoreirismo. Em seguida, investiga-se a crítica feita ao conflito por meio da literatura satírica publicada pela imprensa ilustrada do período, analisando as contribuições e limitações de seu ponto de vista. Finalmente, trataremos da assimilação do tema pela prosa ficcional de Joaquim Manuel de Macedo, Alfredo dEscragnolle Taunay e Machado de Assis / This dissertation sets out to analyze the War of the Triple Alliance (1864-1870) as an issue of Brazilian literature, investigating the incorporation of historical facts as literary objects, the adjustment of styles and the construction of a position on the war through the oeuvres. To this end, the building of heroism by the epic and condordorist poets is studied, from the starting point of the first publications on the theme in the newspapers of the day and the Riachuelo, by Pererira da Silva, and Glorias Brasileiras (Brazilian Glories), by Antonio de Castro Mendonça Furtado, epopees, up to the appropriation of the war theme by the poets of condorism. Thereafter, there is investigation of the criticism of the conflict through the the satirical literature published by the illustrated press of the period, analyzing the contributions and limitations of their point of view. Finally, we will deal with the assimilation of the theme by the fictional prose of Joaquim Manuel de Macedo, Alfredo d\'Escragnolle Taunay and Machado de Assis

River sediment is one of the most pervasive pollutants in the world. Excess amounts of fine sediment can reduce water quality, damage stream ecosystems, and harm aquatic life. Both natural and human-caused processes can add sediment to a river, such as tectonic uplift, landslides, and timber harvesting. Therefore, it is important to understand how fine sediment enters and moves through a rive system to inform policymakers and land-managers on effective ecosystem management. In this study, we determined how the relationship between river flow and suspended sediment changed among watersheds along the North Coast of California. We found a rise in suspended sediment concentration at median flows following extreme timber harvesting. Additionally, our results indicate that river flow and suspended sediment relationships are influenced by timber harvest activity, tectonic uplift, rainfall patterns, and near-channel environments. These results support previous findings that extreme land disturbance in a watershed, be it natural or human-caused, can change river flow and suspended sediment relationships. Our results suggest that policymakers and land-managers should take into account tectonic uplift when making regulation and should prioritize protecting near-channel environments.

Introduction Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has limited treatment options, as chemotherapy is the only systemic therapy. This poses a challenge in the elderly population due to the limited research done, but also the increased risk for adverse events. Aim To describe the treatment pattern, identify the risk of hospitalization and potential risk factors for hospitalization within 1 year from diagnosis, and investigate the causes of death in elderly with TNBC and possible predictors for mortality.MethodsWe performed a registry-based cohort study using the BCBaSe database which links cases of breast cancer from 3 Swedish healthcare regions with socioeconomic factors, hospitalizations and causes of death. Women ≥ 70 years old with non-metastatic TNBC, between 1/1 2007 and 31/12 2012 were chosen (n = 413). Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used. Results Age, stage and comorbidities influenced administration of chemotherapy. The risk of hospitalization overall was increased in the group receiving chemotherapy (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.30 – 4.26) mainly due to toxicities. Chemotherapy use was not associated with either breast cancer-specific (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.51 – 1.79) or overall survival (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.44 – 1.18). Stage at diagnosis and comorbidities were associated with both breast cancer-specific mortality and overall mortality, whereas age was only associated with overall mortality. Conclusions In elderly TNBC patients, chemotherapy use was associated with increased risk for hospitalization within 1 year from diagnosis without improving breast cancer-specific or overall survival. No benefit regarding mortality was seen in those who were administered chemotherapy.

acase@tulane.edu / Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents a clinical challenge due to the aggressive nature of the disease and a lack of targeted therapies. Constitutive activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway has been linked to chemoresistance and metastatic progression through distinct mechanisms, including activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) whereby cells adopt a motile and invasive phenotype through loss of epithelial markers, namely Cadherin 1/E-Cadherin (CDH1), and acquisition of mesenchymal markers, such as vimentin (VIM) and Cadherin 2/N-Cadherin (CDH2). While MAPK/ERK1/2 kinase inhibitors (MEKi) have shown promise as antitumor agents in the preclinical setting, application has had limited success clinically. Activation of compensatory signaling, potentially contributing to the emergence of drug resistance, has shifted the therapeutic strategy to combine MEK1/2 inhibitors with agents targeting oncoproteins (RAF) or parallel growth pathways (PI3K). Conventional MAPK family members have been well-characterized in modulation of cellular processes involved in tumor initiation and progression, yet the role of MEK5-ERK5 in cancer biology is not completely understood. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the MEK5 pathway in metastatic progression of various cancer types, including those of the prostate, colon, bone and breast. Furthermore, elevated levels of ERK5 expression and activity observed in breast carcinomas are linked to worse prognosis in TNBC patients. The purpose of this work is to explore MEK5 regulation of the EMT axis and to evaluate a novel pan-MEK inhibitor on clinically aggressive TNBC cells. Our results show a distinction between the MEK1/2 and MEK5 cascades in maintenance of the mesenchymal phenotype, suggesting that the MEK5 pathway may be necessary and sufficient in EMT regulation while MEK1/2 signaling further sustains the mesenchymal state of TNBC cells. Furthermore, additive effects on MET induction are evident through the inhibition of both MEK1/2 and MEK5. Taken together, these data demonstrate the need for a better understanding of the individual roles of MEK1/2 and MEK5 signaling in breast cancer and provide rationale for combined targeting of these pathways to circumvent compensatory signaling and subsequent therapeutic resistance. / 1 / Van Hoang