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Orchestral excerpts have become one of the most, if not the most important component of classical trumpet education in the last 50 years. This monograph discusses how trumpet orchestral excerpts grew in importance and how the demand for it catalyzed a rush for publications. As the number of trumpet players grew exponentially more than the supply of orchestral jobs, the mindset toward perfect performances of these excerpts began to narrow the focus of learning to an emphasis on technical proficiency. Context and the understanding of how the trumpet part relates to the other instruments in the orchestra are relegated in priority. This monograph aims to restore a holistic and comprehensive approach to learning with an in-depth analysis of harmony, compositional techniques, and historical and musical contexts. / Music Performance

The trumpet and electronics genre of music has been in existence since 1965. While various dissertations have discussed other composers and their works in this field, there is still a need for a treatise exploring appropriate performance practice for the electroacoustic trumpet music of Meg Bowles. There has been no study of the compositional process nor trumpet techniques required for performance of these works and other electronic compositions. This dissertation will study the compositions for trumpet and electronics by Bowles, develop strategies for performing these works, and explore compositional techniques used to create them. Interviews have been conducted between the author and composer (Meg Bowles), as well as the author and collaborating performer (David Bilger). In addition, existing interviews with the composer are included from journals and websites. This document is presented in two parts: Part I, “Introduction to Music for Trumpet and Electronics,” “Biography of Meg Bowles,” “Compositional Techniques,” “Night Sun Journey,” “Places Where Rivers Meet,” “Shapeshifter,” and “Twilight Embrace.” The second part of this dissertation contains materials which are pertinent to the Doctor of Musical Arts Degree and includes recital programs, program notes, and vita.

The study's purpose was to describe selected laryngeal activity of brass-wind players during the performance of selected musical exercises. Research problems included the observation and description of three internal areas of activity of ten trumpeters as they performed each exercise. Specific areas of observation were 1) movement of the epiglottis during the performance of each exercise, 2) movement of the vocal folds/arytenoid cartilage which includes changes in the size of the glottis during the performance of each prescribed exercise, and 3) movement of the thyroid cartilage during the performance of each prescribed exercise. Musical exercises performed by each of the subjects included a sound volume change, use of vibrato, single-tonguing, step-wise descending and ascending slurs, descending and ascending lip slurs, register change, and a descending chromatic scale. In addition, each subject performed an excerpt from the second movement of the Haydn Trumpet Concerto. Data were collected through direct observation of subject performances and then described using three different means. Data analyses revealed a prominent amount of highly individual, non-patterned laryngeal activity which played an integral role in the performance of each subject. Individuals including Law (1960), Cramer (1955), Jacobs (Stewart, 1987), and Noble (1964) have advocated an unrestricted airway during brass performance. Contrary to this advice, findings in the present study indicate that a great deal of varying, involuntary restriction is present in the laryngeal area during performance. Further, such activity appears necessary to brass performance. Others, including Farkas (1962), Schuller (1962), and Wick (1971) , have endorsed conscious use of the glottis during brass performance. While findings in the present study imply that there is a presence of voluntary or reflexive glottal activity during brass performance, evidence does not support any theory which suggests conscious use of the laryngeal mechanism.

Domenico Gabrielli's seven trumpet sonatas are among seventeenth-century trumpet repertoire predominant in the instrumental tradition of the basilica San Petronio, which flourished roughly from the election of Maurizio Cazzati as maestro di cappella in 1657 until the dissolution of the orchestra of the church in 1695. Fostered by numerous occasions for performance, the Bolognese trumpet works tend to exhibit a uniform musical style imposed by musical academies. After a discussion of the probable cause of the termination of the instrumental tradition and of the role of musical academies, this paper will be primarily concerned with formal aspects of fast movements of Gabrielli's sonatas. Despite the fact that the predominant organizing principle of the fast movements appears to be textural, a step toward ritornello form is taken in some of the movements, in which tutti and solo sections are independently developed. In particular, the recurrence of identical material in tutti confirming different keys, the thematic relation between tutti and solo, and the symmetrical and balanced tonal plan are unmistakable seeds of full ritornello form. The text is followed by critical notes and transcriptions of the seven sonatas.

Os primeiros anos da Orquestra Sinfônica do Estado de São Paulo (Osesp) foram marcados pela instabilidade administrativa, o que impossibilitava, à época, a existência de uma programação de concertos. Com a chegada de Eleazar de Carvalho, em 1973, a Osesp inicia a estruturação de suas temporadas regulares, e uma das iniciativas foi a implementação de ciclos com obras de um mesmo compositor. Em 1977, foi apresentado o ciclo Beethoven, seguido de outros que deram destaque a Schubert, Tchaikovsky, Brahms, Wagner, culminando, em 1980, com o ciclo de obras de Gustav Mahler. A pesquisa documental nos arquivos da orquestra revelou também que houve mudanças no conteúdo dos programas de concerto, que passaram a exibir informações detalhadas ao público da orquestra. Essa nova proposta de, progressivamente, aumentar os desafios técnicos e artísticos por meio dos repertórios, teve consequências na forma de preparação, escolha de equipamento e atuação dos músicos da Osesp. Esta tese propõe, referenciada pela teoria dos \"mundos da arte\", de Howard Becker, identificar os trompetistas que atuaram na Osesp, quais os processos que utilizaram para executar os repertórios e, por fim, contextualizar a importância das temporadas de 1977 a 1980, na trajetória musical da Osesp. / The early years of the São Paulo State Symphony Orchestra (Osesp) were marked by administrative instability, which made it impossible at the time to have concert seasons. In 1973, when maestro Eleazar de Carvalho came to São Paulo, Osesp starts the structuring of its regular seasons, and one of the initiatives was the implementation of cycles of works by the same composer. In 1977, Beethoven\'s cycle was presented, followed by others that gave prominence to Schubert, Tchaikovsky, Brahms, Wagner, culminating in 1980, with the Gustav Mahler\'s cycle. The documentary research at the orchestra\'s archives also revealed that there were changes in the content of the concert programs, which began to show detailed information to the audience of the orchestra. This new proposal to progressively increase the technical and artistic challenges through repertoires had consequences in the way of preparation, choice of equipment and performance of Osesp\'s musicians. This thesis proposes, using Howard Becker\'s theory of the \"art worlds\", to identify the trumpet players who performed at Osesp, the processes they used to execute the repertoires and, finally, to contextualize the importance of the seasons from 1977 to 1980, to the Osesp\'s musical path.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka om barn och föräldrar känner till instrumentet trumpet och vilka föreställningar de har om detta instrument.   Mina frågeställningar är:   Vad vet 6-7 åringar och deras föräldrar om instrumentet trumpet? Vilka föreställningar har de om instrumentet trumpet?   För att ta reda på dessa frågor har jag genomförd en enkätstudie i Arvika med barn i första klass och deras föräldrar. 33 vuxna och 34 barn från sammanlagt tre skolor deltog i undersökningen.   Resultaten visade att kunskapen om trumpet är ganska stor bland 6-7 åringarna och deras föräldrar. Alla respondenterna i denna undersökning vet vad trumpet är och över en tredjedel av de 67 respondenterna känner till någon som spelar trumpet. Bland barnen existerar ingen stor ”kändis” på trumpet, istället känner de till vänner eller bekanta som spelar. De vuxna angav till viss del vissa kända musiker ofta då jazztrumpetare av äldre slag. Vidare så verkar 6-7 åringarna ganska fördomsfria om trumpet, då de anser att unga som gamla och män som kvinnor spelar trumpet. Föräldrarna tror däremot att trumpetspel domineras av män, i övrigt verkade de vara ganska fördomsfria. Kommunala musikskolan verkar ha ett starkt varumärke i Arvika eftersom många av respondenterna uppgav att de visste att de kan kontakta musikskolan om de vill börja spela trumpet. Resultaten visade också att trumpet inte ses som tråkigt, de flesta tycker det verkar mittemellan eller roligt att spela trumpet.   Utifrån resultaten i denna studie klarar trumpeten sig bra. Samtidig tycks trumpeten vara ett stycke undan den status en kunde önskat sig. / The study's purpose is to investigate whether children and parents know the instrument trumpet and the beliefs they have about this instrument.     My questions are:   What do 6 and 7-year-olds and their parents know of the instrument trumpet?  What are their beliefs concerning the trumpet and what does the trumpet mean to them?    To find out about these questions, I have conducted a survey study in Arvika with children in first grade and their parents. 33 adults and 34 children from three schools took part in the survey.   The results showed that knowledge of the trumpet are quite good among 6 and 7-year-olds and their parents. All the respondents in this survey know what the trumpet is, and over one-third of the 67 respondents know about someone who plays the trumpet. Among the children exist no big "celebrity" trumpet player. Instead they mention friends or acquaintances that play the instrument. There were some well-known musicians among adults but it was often aging jazz trumpeters. 6 and 7-year-olds are pretty open-minded about trumpet. They seem to consider both that young, old, men and women could be playing the trumpet. The parents, however, think that men dominate playing the trumpet. Otherwise are the parents also pretty open-minded. The music school appears to have a strong name in Arvika. Many respondents stated that it´s possible to contact the music school if you want to start playing the trumpet. The results also showed that the trumpet is not considered as boring. Most people put it midway between boring and fun to play.   Based on the findings in this study, the trumpet seems to be a well-known and somewhat appreciated instrument among the respondents. At the same time it seems to be a bit out of range from a satisfying reputation.

Thesis (D.M.A.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 2007. / Compact discs.

Appendix A includes annotated transcriptions of trumpet solos as performed by Williams, Stewart, and Nance on RCA Victor recordings of the Duke Ellington Band, 1940-1942. Includes bibliographic references (p. 71-73).

Orientador: Edmundo Pacheco Hora / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T15:54:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rolfini_UlissesSantos_M.pdf: 9687069 bytes, checksum: 12b94563f915d72cf715c98a27f35c69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Esta dissertação tem como tema principal a presença do Clarim no Brasil e enfatiza a utilização deste instrumento musical na Capela Real e Imperial do Rio de Janeiro no início do século XIX. De acordo com nossas pesquisas, clarim foi um dos nomes utilizados no decorrer da história brasileira para se referir ao trompete natural. Neste trabalho apresentamos as informações mais antigas, encontradas até o presente momento, que possuem ligação com o trompete em território nacional, ou seja, coletamos dados referentes ao período que corresponde desde a "descoberta do país" até o início da utilização do trompete cromático, ocorrida aproximadamente em meados do século em questão. Inicialmente, demonstramos uma contextualização histórica sobre o trompete de uma maneira geral, destacando aspectos como suas possíveis origens e seu desenvolvimento até a introdução das válvulas, além de evidenciar dados recentes sobre a pesquisa de reconstrução dos trompetes históricos empregados na prática musical historicamente orientada. Em seguida, relacionamos os primeiros povos que tiveram vínculo de qualquer natureza com o trompete natural já em território pertencente ao Brasil, ressaltando ainda o uso deste instrumento na região Nordeste, em Minas Gerais e, sobremaneira, no Rio de Janeiro do século XIX, mais especificamente na Capela Real e Imperial. Acerca desta época, na qual a corte portuguesa chegou ao continente americano, abordamos assuntos como: o reflexo da prática musical européia em nosso país; o repertório interpretado pelo clarim e possibilidades interpretativas para o mesmo - exemplificado por partituras manuscritas pertencentes ao Acervo do Cabido Metropolitano do Rio de Janeiro dentre outros documentos -; além de organizar, por meio de bibliografia condizente ao tema, informações biográficas de intérpretes de trompete que atuaram na Capela ou mesmo no Rio de Janeiro durante este século. / Abstract: This dissertation has as its main theme the presence of the "Clarim" in Brazil and it uses as a musical instrument in the Royal and Imperial Chapel of Rio de Janeiro in the beginning of the nineteenth century. According to our research, in the course of Brazilian history "clarim" was one of the names used to refer to the natural trumpet. In this work mention is made to extant information available on the presence of the trumpet in this country; data has been collected on its use from the earliest days of the nation to the middle of the 19thcentury which coincides with the appearance and use of the chromatic trumpet by the introduction of valves. Initially we demonstrate the historical contextualization of this instrument in a general way, investigating aspects about its possible origins and development to the time of the introduction of valves; research is also included on the reconstruction of the historical trumpet and its use in modern day performances. We have also investigated the earliest ethnic groups in this country that may have had involvement with the natural trumpet with special attention to its use in the Northeastern region and in the State of Minas Gerais, but most especially in the Royal and Imperial Chapel of Rio de Janeiro in the early Nineteenth Century. At this time upon the arrival of the Portuguese Court to the South American continent, questions are raised on subjects such as the influence and reflection of European musical practice of the time in Brazil; repertoire and performance possibilities of the clarim as exemplified by musical manuscripts belonging to the "Acervo do Cabido Metropolitano" of Rio de Janeiro. A thematic bibliography and biographical information on trumpet players active in the Chapel or in the city of Rio de Janeiro during the nineteenth century is also provided. / Mestrado / Praticas Interpretativas / Mestre em Música