published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Landscape Architecture

Mr. Tsai, his literary creation is writing about his hometown, Kangshan. People can have the picture of the past memory about Kangshan due to his writing. As rural literature creation, it may not easy to catch people¡¦s attention. However, for people that have the same background of Mr. Tsai, his rural literature creation is the key to open our memory, and this is the reason I choose his creation as my research study. This research is mainly investing about 12 published books of Mr. Tsai. There are five chapters in this study.¡GChapter one, abstract; this chapter presents the background of the study, the purpose of the study, the research questions, definitions of the key terms, and the significance of the study. Chapter two, Literature Review, includes the review of three relevant studies for the readers who could have initial understanding regarding author¡¦s works. In Chapter three, the main focus is on researching for the context inside Mr. Tsai¡¦s rural literature writing. In this research, I find his writing always contains the attention to homeland, hometown concerning and social awareness. The foresaid observation leads to a summary which I categorize his writing into four main topics : Sentiment, Land, Society and Nature. In Chapter four, I try to analyze the value of Mr. Tsai¡¦s literary works. To respond and reflect the topic of this thesis, A key for the memory, the value of Mr. Tsai¡¦s works record the folks, events and things exist in the past, and those records have become the inheritance for the descendents. Chapter five, Conclusion; in this chapter, a summary of the study will be firstly presented. Eventually, limitations of the study and suggestions for further research will be presented.

In this work the possibility for using natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastics in highly loaded large surface structural elements is demonstrated. A production process to fabricate an inexpensive semi-finished material made of polypropylene and unidirectionally orientated natural fibers was developed. The feasibility of the process was proven for different fiber contents. In further examinations optimal parameters for processing the semi-finished material to produce composites by press forming were examined. With these optimal parameters composites have been fabricated that were tested for their static and dynamic properties. On the basis of the characteristic values of these examinations the field of application for natural fiber reinforced thermoplastics in use of large surface structural elements could be shown. As an example for such an element a rotor blade of a wind turbine with a length of 3,75 m was created. For a prediction of the behaviour of the loaded rotor blade the following load cases were simulated by means of the FEM: - 50-year gust, with a wind velocity of 50 m/s and standing rotor - Nominal load, with a wind velocity of 11 m/s and turning rotor. For an evaluation of the composite behaviour the Tsai Wu criterion was used, because of its capability to determine the failure condition under multi-axle stress. With these simulations it could be shown that it is theoretically possible to use natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastics as material for large surface structural elements. / In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde eine Möglichkeit für die Verwendung von naturfaserverstärkten Thermoplasten in hochbelasteten großflächigen Strukturbauteilen aufgezeigt. Es wurde ein Verfahren entwickelt, welches die preiswerte Herstellung eines Halbzeuges aus Polypropylen und unidirektional ausgerichteten Naturfasern ermöglicht. Die Realisierbarkeit dieses Verfahrens konnte für verschiedene Naturfasergehalte nachgewiesen werden. In weiteren Untersuchungen wurden die optimalen Verarbeitungsparameter für die Herstellung von Faserverbunden aus diesem Halbzeug mittels der Presstechnik ermittelt. Mit diesen optimalen Parametern wurden Verbunde hergestellt und auf ihre statischen und dynamischen Eigenschaften geprüft. Auf Grundlage der in diesen Prüfungen ermittelten Kennwerte konnte die Einsatzmöglichkeit dieser naturfaserverstärkten Thermoplaste für ein großflächiges Strukturbauteil gezeigt werden. Als Beispiel für ein solches Bauteil wurde ein 3,75 m langes Rotorblatt einer Windkraftanlage entworfen. Um eine Aussage über das Verhalten des Rotorblattes unter Belastung treffen zu können, wurden folgende Lastfälle mit Hilfe der FEM simuliert: - 50-Jahres-Böe, mit Windgeschwindigkeit von 50 m/s und stehendem Rotor - Nennlast, mit Windgeschwindigkeit von 11 m/s und drehendem Rotor Für die Bewertung des Verbundverhaltens wurde das Tsai-Wu-Ausfallkriterium herangezogen, da es eine Aussage über das Bruchverhalten von Faserverbunden unter mehrachsiger Belastung erlaubt. Die Auswertung dieser Simulationen ergab, dass es theoretisch möglich ist, naturfaserverstärkte Thermoplaste als Werkstoff in großflächigen Strukturbauteilen einzusetzen.

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio University, November, 2007. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.

This dissertation work deals with the thermic and the mechanical behavior of plasticized bio-plastics and bio-composites for the 3D printing applications. The influence of plasticizer chemical structure on thermic and mechanical properties of plasticized polymeric blends from the poly-3-hydroxybutyrate and the poly lactic acid was investigated. Used plasticizers are based on derivative of citric acid. The influence of plasticizers on polymeric matrix and their compatibility was estimated by gear torque rate of melt mixer, respectively rate of plasticizer migration from the material during higher temperature. The plasticizer structure influence on the glass transition temperature and on the kinetics of crystallization of plasticized material was investigated by modulated differential scanning calorimetry. The behavior of material during 3D printing was also observed. Mechanical properties of printed samples, especially their elongation at break, were determined by tensile tests. The largest softening effect was observed using tributylcitrate plasticizer, where the glass temperature decreased by 35 °C and elongation at break increased by 150% compared to non-plasticized reference material. This plasticized polymeric blend showed also sufficient 3D printing properties and was used as the matrix for composites in the next part of this work. Composites were filled by kaolin, limestone, halloysit, fumed silica, talc, magnesium hydroxide and chopped flax fibers. Particle distribution in composites in dependence of used surface treatment of filler was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The influence of composite filler on rheological properties, crystallization kinetics and thermal stability of composites, was observed by viscometry and differential scanning calorimetry. Their mechanical properties and heat deflection temperature were observed on samples prepared by 3D print. Kaolin in composite material showed homogeneous particle distribution and insignificant nucleation effect and influence on thermic stability. Composite filled by kaolin also showed 18% smaller warping during 3D printing compared to non-filled reference. Consequently kaolin was evaluated as suitable inorganic filler for bioplastic composite intended for 3D print and this composite was used in the following part of this thesis. Method of mathematical prediction of Young's modulus was described for composite samples prepared by 3D print. Composites filled by one type of filler – kaolin, or limestone, resp. by combination of both fillers were investigated on the basis of the micromechanic Halpin-Tsai model modified by the semiempiric multiparametric Cerny's equation. Additive and combinational method of Young's modulus evaluation is used for composites with hybrid filling. Deflection of measured and theoretical Young's modulus value of composite filled with kaolin was decreased by established correction from 21% to 1% and for composites filled with limestone from 13% to 9%. In this manner it is possible to predict the Young's modulus of the samples prepared by 3D print.

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

一、 哲學家黑格爾以「存有與無是相同的」(das Sein und das Nichts ist dasselbe)作為他《邏輯學》的起點，而宋代理學家張載則從「清虛一大」談世界的起源，由「有無虛實通而為一」主張「有／無→有」。 兩者入學之徑或許大異其趣，但兩者都談了世界之源起，且兩者之談論都導向了「有無一」(das Sein und das Nichts ist dasselbe)之相同點；這成了本比較哲學論文的關鍵論題。 由「有無一」吾人可以見識二者思想互通之處，從而比較二位思想家是如何談「世界的開端(den Anfang der Welt)。」 二、 本文寫作的步驟為各自鋪陳出張載《正蒙》與黑格爾《邏輯學》論開端的文本內容。在比較的過程中並為了釐清某些關鍵術語，亦進行了若干小規模之比較哲學工作。如(1) 論中西「本體」意義之不同 (2) 比較漢語語境中的「形而上／形而下」與亞里斯多德μεταπηυσιψσ一書之主題(3) 氣與亞里斯多德的物質因(causa materialis/tên hulên kai to hupokeimenon)之比較(4) 論「存有」(ὄν)一詞之漢語翻譯(5) 談「變」(das Werden)與「易」之對比(6)「道」與希臘人logos之間的對比。 另外，黑格爾亦論證「思想史」乃與「精神發展之歷史」的平行，故其言「純粹的有」，實乃對應著巴曼尼得斯的「存有」，「純粹的無」對應著佛教/老子的無，「變」對應著赫拉克利圖斯。本文除一一討論黑格爾的想法外，並藉著張載闢佛與闢老的想法，重新對比了黑格爾、張載思想與歷史上對於開端所作出談論的思想家之間的比較。 三、 最後，在結論處，本文以黑格爾與張載「有無同一且已同出」的真理，去檢討了歷史上對於開端的種種談論，包括了道家「有生於無」、「從無生無」(Ex nihilo nihil fit)、基督教之「從無生有」……等等。 / Theologian Hegel takes the purest Nous as beginning of his philosophical system. The purest category is “pure being” (das reine Sein), from the content of “pure being”, Hegel infers the next category “pure nothing” (das reine Nichts), and proves that these two are identical. Song Dynasty Neo-Confucianist Zhang Zai discusses the beginning of the world from his essential terminology “Clear Empty One Big” (清虛一大), and advocates that “being, nothing, void, fullness, but is one”(有無虛實通而為一). The thought systems of Hegel and Zhang Zai are very different, but both discuss the beginning of the world, and both of discussion guided to the same point “being and nothing is one and the same” (das Sein und das Nichts ist dasselbe); This is the central argument of this comparative philosophy dissertation.

An introductory conversation with a new person I just met usually goes like this: So, where is your accent from ? Are you American? Well, yes, .....but no. Not really. I do have American citizenship and I lived in the US for fifteen years but I grew up in France. Ok, so you’re French? Well, yes, but .....not totally. My mother is French but my father is Tunisian. Ok, so you’re Tunisian? Well, yes, but... not wholly. I don’t speak Arabic, so I don’t totally feel Tunisian. So what are you? American? French? Tunisian? With my work, I ask the same questions. What is this? What does it do? How do I, the maker, relate to it? How does the viewer, the other side of the conversation, relate to it and understand it? Can we understand each other if we do not speak the same language? Who am I and who are you anyway?