Denna studies syfte är att undersöka hur de svenska rikstidningarna Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet, Aftonbladet och Expressen bevakat invasionerna av Ukraina 2022 och Gaza 2023.  Vi ämnar att se vilka likheter och skillnader som uppenbarar sig i de båda bevakningarna. Forskningsfrågorna som formulerats utifrån den övergripande frågeställningen är: 1. Vilka aspekter av krigen har fått mest fokus och därmed högst nyhetsvärde i svensk dagspress?, 2. Hur ser fördelningen av källor ut angående statistiken från konflikten som används i artiklarna? och 3. I vilken utsträckning får de inblandade sidorna synas i form aktörer som uttalar sig. Studiens resultat har byggts på en kvantitativ innehållsanalys som utgår från tidsperioderna 2023-10-27 till 2024-03-25 för Gazakriget och från 2022-02-24 till 2022-07-17 för Ukrainakriget. Studien omfattar totalt 200 artiklar, varav 100 behandlar varje konflikt. Vi har inkluderat 25 artiklar från varje tidning per konflikt för att säkerställa en jämn fördelning. För att kunna forma en förståelse för materialet användes följande teorier: gestaltningsteorin, nyhetsvärdering och Westerståhls objektivitetsmall. Resultatet visar att nyhetsvärderingen gällande vilka aspekter som lyftes i respektive konflikt var mycket likartade. Civilas upplevelser, militära operationer, politik och humanitära förhållanden förekom i båda bevakningarna. Den stora skillnaden var dock att Ukraina hade en bredare bevakning. Fördelningen av källor när det gäller statistik och uttalade aktörer var i stort sett likartad. Det fanns dock en markant underrepresentation av politiker och militärer från Hamas i bevakningen av Gaza, vilket i sin tur eventuellt skulle kunna påverka den allmänna bilden av konflikten.

This study explores the resource mobilization of Ukrainian volunteer battalions during the 2014-2015 conflict, analysing how these non-state military actors strategically adapted without formal military infrastructure or state support to mobilize and maintain operational efficiency. The study highlights their innovative organizational tactics and resource utilization, emphasizing their ability to adapt and maintain combat effectiveness in challenging conditions. Utilizing the Resource Mobilization Theory (RMT), the research investigates the strategies these volunteer-battalions employed to mobilize resources, offering new insights into the role of non-state actors in modern warfare. This analysis addresses a gap in previous research which often uses narrow theoretical perspectives and consequently view these battalions as static rather than dynamic entities. The findings reveal that the effectiveness of the Ukrainian volunteer battalions was critically dependent on their ability to rapidly mobilize a wide array of resources. This was significantly enhanced by local and international networks, which facilitated resource acquisition and strategic operational planning. These networks also played a crucial role in legitimizing the battalions' activities and garnering broader societal support. Overall, this study contributes to the existing research by highlighting the pivotal role of resource mobilization in the establishing and maintaining of non-state military actors. It underscores the need for further research into the integration of social movement theories with military strategy to fully grasp the evolving nature of modern conflicts.

In recent years politicians have increasingly appeared in various types of entertainment media. For example, the President of the United States Joe Biden appeared on the talkshow The Late Late Show with James Corden. A notable example from 2022 is the Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenkyy. He, who made his career as a comedian, became known as a political figure thanks to starring in the TV series Servant of the People. When he became president, the main focus from the Western media was that he was just that, a comedian. However, on February 24 2022, he was immortalized as the person who sat as president of Ukraine during the Russian invasion. The aim of this thesis is therefore to examine how the president of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, creates discourses in an entertainment interview during an ongoing war. The research questions for the essay are: (1) What discourses about the war in Ukraine does Zelenskyy raise verbally and non-verbally in My Next Guest with David Letterman and Volodymyr Zelenskyy? (2) How does Volodymyr Zelenskyy build authenticity and trust through the interview verbally and non-verbally? (3) What is the role of humor in communication about the war in Ukraine in the interview? The material analyzed in the thesis is the episode My next guest with David Letterman and Volodymyr Zelenskyy which is apart of David Letterman’s talkshow. Zelenskyy appeared in the thirty-minute interview in December of 2022 in Ukraine. The method used is multimodal discourse analysis and Fairclough's three-dimensional model. The results from the analysis present that the main discourse that Zelenskyj raises about the war is that Ukraine and Ukrainians are suffering and fighting to survive against Russia. With non-verbal communication, Zelenskyy succeeds in building trust and authenticity. As for humor, the analysis showed that it is important to use gallows humor to achieve resilience for the oppressed and that Zelenskyy can use satire to a certain extent in the interview. The main conclusion of the thesis is that Zelenskyy follows the conventions for a talkshow, however he differs from the classic talkshow format by speaking more about the Ukrainian people than himself.