<p>Senzori vlažnosti zemljišta su od ključnog značaja za sisteme za navodnjavanje kojima je moguće uvećati prinose u proseku za 79%. U okviru ove disertacije razvijena su dva senzorska rešenja za merenje vlažnosti zemljišta. Prvi senzor je namenjen određivanju vlažnosti uzoraka zemljišta u neporemećenom stanju. Rešenje je nastalo nadogradnjom standardne opreme za uzorkovanje zemljišta. Za pomenuti senzor konstruisana je kalibraciona kriva kojom je moguće odrediti vlažnost zemljišta sa relativnom greškom ne većom od 2.5%. Drugo senzorsko rešenje je fabrikovano u LTCC tehnologiji, malih je dimenzija i namenjeno je primeni na terenu. Glavna prednost ovog senzora je da na njega ne utiče provodnost zemljišta koja je usko povezana sa tipom zemljišta. Predloženi senzor je testiran na dva uzorka zemljišta različitog hemijskog sastava. Rezultati merenja su pokazali da tip zemljišta nema uticaj na odziv senzora. Ostvarena relativna greška u odnosu na pun merni opseg iznosi 5.36%.</p> / <p>Soil moisture sensors are of great importance for the irrigation systems that<br />are able to increase the yiel on avarage of 79%. Within this thesis two sensor<br />solutions have been developed. The first sensor, which is intended for<br />laboratory use, has been designed by upgrading existing sampling<br />equipment. The constructed calibration curve for this type of sensor that can<br />be used for soil mositure determination with relative error not larger than<br />2.5% with respect to full scale output. The second sensor solution is<br />designed to be used in the field. It is fabricated in LTCC technology and it is<br />charaterized by small overall dimensions. The main advantage of this sensor<br />is that it is immune to the soil electrical conductivity which is closely related to<br />the soil type. Proposed sensor is tested on two soil sample of different<br />chemical composition and the results have shown that the type of soil does<br />not influence the sensor response. The relative error with the respect of full<br />scale output was only 5.36 %.</p>

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-30T13:42:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOÃO DE DEUS DOS SANTOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1977..pdf: 21984806 bytes, checksum: 0525fd994fc74fd425d9748a384f468a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-30T13:42:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOÃO DE DEUS DOS SANTOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1977..pdf: 21984806 bytes, checksum: 0525fd994fc74fd425d9748a384f468a (MD5) Previous issue date: 1977-07 / O estudo apresentado nesta dissertação trata da consolidação de uma argila mole da cidade de João Pessoa, Estado da Paraíba, Brasil. Para a determinação das propriedades de consolidação foram realizados ensaios de adensamento no aparelho edométrico, com amostras indeformadas, representativas de diversas profundidades da camada de argila. Também realizou-se ensaios de caracterização da argila, em termos de plasticidade, granulometria e pesos específicos. Os parâmetros de consolidação e os parametros de consistência da argila obtidos durante o programa de laboratório foram analisados em relação as suas variações com a profundidade. Os resultados desta análise, mostram que o coeficiente de consolidação Cv e o coeficiente de permeabilidade K, do solo estudado, são praticamente constantes ao longo da camada, enquanto que o coeficiente de compressibilidade av, o índice de compressão Cc e os índices de vazios, decrescem com a . profundidade. Estes resultados permitiram também formular relações matemáticas, algumas delas com notável validade estatística, permitindo consequentemente a sua utilização em anteprojetos de Engenharia Civil. / The study presented in this dissertation concerns the consolidation of a soft clay from the city of João Pessoa, in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. The consol i dation properties were deter mined by means of consolidation tests in an oedometer, with undisturbed samples representative of various depths within the clay layer. Tests were also performed in order to determine the clay cha rac ter i s t i es , in terms of plasticity, grain size and specific gravity. The parameters of consol i da ti on and coji sistency obtained during the laboratory program were analyzed in relation to their variation as a function of depth. The results of this analysis show that the coefficient of consol idation Cy and the coefficient of permeability K, of the soil which was studied are practically constant throughout the layer, while the coefficient of compressibility av, the compressive index Cc, and void ratio decrease with increase of depth. These results also permit the formulation of mathematical reiationships, some of them showing notable statistical validity, thus permitting their use in civil engineering designs.

The mechanisms behind cardiovascular disease (CVD) initiation and progression are not fully elucidated. It is hypothesized that blood flow patterns regulate endothelial cell (EC) function to affect the progression of CVDs. A system that subjects ECs to physiologically-relevant shear stress waveforms within microfluidic devices has not yet been demonstrated, despite the advantages associated with the use of these devices. In this work, a bioreactor was designed to fulfill this need. Waveforms from regions commonly affected by CVDs including were derived. Pump motion and fluid flow profiles were validated by actuator motion tracking, particle image velocimetry, and flowmeters. While several relevant waveforms were successfully replicated, physiological waveforms could not be produced at physiological frequencies owing to actuator velocity and accuracy limitations, as well as dampening effects in the system. Overall, this work lays the foundation for designing a system that provides insight into the role of shear stress in CVD pathogenesis.

The mechanisms behind cardiovascular disease (CVD) initiation and progression are not fully elucidated. It is hypothesized that blood flow patterns regulate endothelial cell (EC) function to affect the progression of CVDs. A system that subjects ECs to physiologically-relevant shear stress waveforms within microfluidic devices has not yet been demonstrated, despite the advantages associated with the use of these devices. In this work, a bioreactor was designed to fulfill this need. Waveforms from regions commonly affected by CVDs including were derived. Pump motion and fluid flow profiles were validated by actuator motion tracking, particle image velocimetry, and flowmeters. While several relevant waveforms were successfully replicated, physiological waveforms could not be produced at physiological frequencies owing to actuator velocity and accuracy limitations, as well as dampening effects in the system. Overall, this work lays the foundation for designing a system that provides insight into the role of shear stress in CVD pathogenesis.

Mon sujet de thèse intègre l’un des projets globaux de l’UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement intitule « stratégies de phytoremédiation basées sur l’utilisation d’arbres et de microorganismes associés », qui s’appuie, entre autre, sur 2 projets de recherche :• le projet PROLIPHYT (programme Eco-Industrie, 2013-2018, ADEME) intitulé « PROduction de LIgneux PHYtoremédiants»,• le projet PHYTOCHEM (ANR CD2i, 2013-2018) intitulé « Développement de procédés chimiques éco-innovants pour valoriser les biomasses issues des phytotechnologies ».Les objectifs généraux sont d’améliorer le potentiel de phytoremédiation d’un panel d’espèces ligneuses et de développer le potentiel microbien pour une phytoremédiation aidée sur sol contaminé. En plus de limiter l’impact des polluants, cette stratégie vise à promouvoir la production de biomasse sur sols délaissés et non exploitables par l’agriculture, tout en assurant la biodiversité nécessaire à la restauration d’un écosystème anthropogénique.Mon travail de thèse est financé au travers un contrat doctoral ministériel handicap (dyslexie). Il s’appuie sur la réhabilitation de deux zones de stockage de sédiments industriels, utilisés jusque dans les années 2000. Ces deux sites expérimentaux (site INOVYN de St Symphorien-sur-Saône en Côte d’Or, site CRISTAL de l’Ochsenfeld en Alsace) présentent des caractéristiques physico-chimiques très particulières qui en font des lieux d’étude privilégiés. Le premier est une ancienne lagune de décantation dont les sédiments enrichis en Hg, Ba et As proviennent du traitement des eaux usées issues du procédé d’électrolyse à Hg de l’entreprise SOLVAY. Le second est une lagune constituée d’un remblai dans lequel ont été stockés depuis les années 1930, les résidus d’extraction du dioxyde de titane de l’Usine CRISTAL de Thann. A l’inverse du premier site expérimental, on observe une flore peu abondante qui se traduit par un développement hétérogène d’une espèce ligneuse principale, le bouleau.La recolonisation naturelle et spontanée de végétaux, plus particulièrement d’espèces ligneuses sur les deux sites est sans doute le résultat d’étroites collaborations avec des microorganismes telluriques situés aux abords de leur système racinaire. Nous avons ainsi choisi de travailler sur 3 espèces pionnières qui se sont naturellement réimplantées sur les deux sites d’études : le saule et le peuplier pour la friche industrielle de Tavaux et le bouleau pour l’unité de traitement des effluents du site de l’Ochsenfeld. / AbstractMy thesis subject includes one of the global projects of the UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement entitled "phytoremediation strategies based on the use of trees and associated microorganisms", which is based, among other things, on 2 research projects:• the PROLIPHYT project (Eco-Industry programme, 2013-2018, ADEME) entitled "Production of woody phytoremediants",• the PHYTOCHEM project (ANR CD2i, 2013-2018) entitled "Development of eco-innovative chemical processes to exploit biomasses from phytotechnologies".The general objectives are to improve the phytoremediation potential of a panel of woody species and to develop the microbial potential for assisted phytoremediation on contaminated soil. In addition to limiting the impact of pollutants, this strategy aims to promote the production of biomass on land abandoned and not exploitable by agriculture, while ensuring the biodiversity needed to restore an anthropogenic ecosystem.My thesis work is financed through a ministerial doctoral contract for disability (dyslexia). It is based on the rehabilitation of two industrial sediment storage areas, used until the 2000s. These two experimental sites (INOVYN site of Saint-Symphorien-sur-Saône in Côte-d'Or, CRISTAL site of Ochsenfeld in Alsace) present very particular physico-chemical characteristics which make them privileged places of study. The first is a former settling lagoon whose sediments enriched in Hg, Ba and As come from the treatment of wastewater from SOLVAY's Hg electrolysis process. The second is a lagoon consisting of a backfill in which the titanium dioxide extraction residues from the CRISTAL Thann Plant have been stored since the 1930s. In contrast to the first experimental site, there is a low abundance of flora which results in heterogeneous development of a main woody species, the birch.The natural and spontaneous recolonisation of plants, more particularly woody species on both sites, is undoubtedly the result of close collaboration with telluric microorganisms located near their root systems. We have thus chosen to work on 3 pioneer species that have naturally relocated to the two study sites: willow and poplar for the industrial wasteland of Tavaux and birch for the effluent treatment unit at the Ochsenfeld site.

Diploma thesis documents the problems of soil quality, which is assessed on the basis of physical, chemical or biological indicators of soil quality. The paper describes the various indicators, its methodology and evaluation. In the practical part evaluates the quality of soil cultivated with the traditional way - using plowing. The experimental area, where the samples were taken from the soil, lies in the Olomouc region in the municipality Šumvald. Evaluated were selected physical, chemical and physico-chemical properties of soil, e.g. particle size distribution, bulk density, porosity, air capacity, hydrolimits, pH, carbonates, humus content and salinity of the soil.

This thesis has a theoretical and a practical part. The first part contains theoretical introduction to the phenomenon of increased stiffness at very small strains and possibilities of its practical applications. The available methods for evaluating initial shear modulus tests are described below. Increased attention is paid to the method of evaluation of test data in the frequency domain using the Fourier transform. The last chapter in this part describes an algorithm designed for automatic evaluation of measurements in the frequency domain. The practical part deals with measurement and evaluation of initial shear modulus for Brno clay as a function of vertical stress in oedometric test. Firstly, a device is presented that allows the extension of the oedometric test with sensors for measuring initial shear modulus of soil. This device was designed for the test in this thesis. Subsequently, the test plan is described including description of all soil samples. In this thesis, several types of soil samples from a single site were tested. Next, the results of the individual tests are evaluated by the selected methods. Examples are used for showing the differences in evaluation of the same data by other methods. At the end, the results of the individual tests for all sample types are compared with each other and with data from literature.