This master’s thesis is mainly focused on creating our own car driving simulator and basic data gathering from the driver’s input. To achieve this goal, the thesis includes introduction to man-machine systems and basic information about functions and runtime game engine employs. Research about commonly used open source game engines is also presented with a detailed focus on the engine we chose - Unreal Engine. In conclusion ofthis thesis, a full version of a car driving simulator is created with gathered data analysis.

Virtual reality is emerging as a valuable tool in the manufacturing industry, as it allows engineers to place themselves in a virtual environment in which they can inspect and evaluate their 3D designs, providing a sense of scale not available through a 2D screen. Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB currently uses physical prototypes to assess whether their designs work from an assembly perspective, which can be expensive and time consuming to make and are often downscaled. Therefore, an interest in exploring the possibility of using virtual reality as a tool for simulating and evaluating assembly sequences has emerged, as well as training operators on said sequences, which lays the foundation for this thesis work. The thesis explores the possibility of using virtual reality to simulate assembly sequences using imported CAD models. Emphasis is put on automating the CAD to virtual reality pipeline, as well as how arbitrary CAD models can be presented in virtual reality and how assembly evaluation and training of said CAD models can be simulated in VR. An application is developed in Unreal Engine to explore the possibilities of using the program for virtual reality assembly simulation, as well as identifying potential problem areas. A solution to each of the problems are proposed, and these solutions together make up the application. The application is evaluated with end users to identify areas of improvement. The general conclusions that can be drawn from the results are that there are differences in how CAD programs and Unreal Engine handle and make use of 3D geometry which can cause issues, and that the number of parts and the size of these parts are the two most prominent parameters that can cause problems when importing, handling and using arbitrary CAD models in Unreal Engine.

This thesis explores the possibilities of creating landscapes through procedural means within the game engine Unreal Engine 5. The aim is to provide a flexible procedural landscape tool that doesn't limit the user and that is compatible with existing systems in the engine. The research questions focuses on comparison to other work regarding landscape generation and generation of procedural roads. The process to achieve this was done through extensive implementation adding modules that both builds upon and adds to the source code. The implementation was divided into five major components, which was noise generation for terrain, biotope interpolation, asset distribution, road generation and a user interface. Perlin noise, utilizing Fractal Brownian Motion were a vital part of generating terrain with varying features. For interpolation a modified version of Lowpass Gaussian filtering was implemented in order to blend biotope edges together. Asset distribution and road generation were implemented in a way that uses pseudo-randomness combined with heuristics. The user interface was done to tie everything together for testing. The results shows potential for assisting in procedural landscape creation with a large amount of freedom in customization. There is however flaws in some aspects, namely the interpolation methods suffer from clear visual artefacts. Whether it is suitable for professional standards remains to be fully proven objectively as the testing in this thesis work was limited.

Inom spelutveckling vill utvecklare gärna använda sig av visuella effekter för sina spel och genom shaderprogram kan en mångfald av visuella effekter skapas. Det som hindrar spelutvecklare från att använda sig utav alla visuella effekter de vill ha med i spelet är prestandan. Alla användare har inte tillgång till den senaste hårdvaran och kan ha minimikrav på prestandan hos ett spel. Spelbranschen går dessutom mer mot mobila spel (ISFE & EGDF 2021, ss. 18-19). Mobiler har begränsade resurser och har inte lika mycket processorkraft för grafik som en dedikerad grafikprocessor kan ge. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om det finns en skillnad i prestanda på shaders som implementerats med Unreal Material kontra High-Level Shading Language. Detta gjordes genom en implementation i varje språk av två shadereffekter. Efteråt konstruerades två renderingsintensiva scener där tidsmätningar på varje implementation genomfördes. Resultatet av detta kunde inte visa på någon koppling mellan vilket implementationssätt som användes och skillnad i prestanda. Resultaten av testerna kunde endast peka på en försumbar skillnad i prestanda.

This study explores the possibility that cheep credit, provided to firms when profit opportunities on real investments are low, and when opportunities of financial investments are present, will loose some of it’s stimulus effect due to a crowding out effect of financial investments on real investments. Analyzing the changes in debt, and it’s channels of use during the recession of the covid19 pandemic, between firms with a history of stock buybacks, and firms without such a history, the study finds a significantly higher increase in debt for firms with a history of doing stock buybacks. The study concludes that this effect is due to firms finding financial uses of more cheap credit, which does crowd out real investments.

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Vehicle simulators are often built from scratch, using well-established software frameworks with custom vehicle models. Since the development of a simulator is a very time consuming process,  the purpose of this thesis paper was to explore a different alternative by evaluating the open-source vehicle system ChaosVehicle (CV) in Unreal Engine 5. The goal was to build a simulator using CV and assess its performance in imitating certain aspects of a three-wheeled electric vehicle, including acceleration, coasting and braking behaviors in a straight line.The simulator was set up according to the data provided by the vehicle manufacturer, OMotion. By comparing the simulations with real world driving data, it was determined that the simulator achieved a relative error below 16% in imitating the coasting behavior of the real vehicle. Further, with regards to the brake performance, the simulator has managed to achieve a relative error of below 15% when not accounting for velocities below 10 km/h. Due to the noise present in the real world driving data, it was inconclusive as to whether the simulator had accurately predicted the acceleration behavior of the  real vehicle. After a preliminary analysis of the plugin, it was discussed whether CV was as extensible as hypothesized. While the framework is open-source, it was difficult to fully grasp the system due to incomplete documentation of the source code and the user interface. Further work in mapping how the physics model in CV is integrated to the game engine would shed some light on this matter.

This master's thesis deals with development of indie game - independently-developed game. It describes important moments in computer games history. It clarifies terms like golden age of video arcade games and video game crash of 1983. Further it explains history and origin of indie game phenomenon. It describes some of the differences between independent and commercial game development. In next chapter it presents some game engines which are suitable for independent game development. And in the last chapter it describes the design and implementation of game engine and game running on it.

Past, Present, Future is an immersive and interactive art installation that seeks to put displaced Congolese and African artwork - commonly displayed in world museums - into their original cultural context. The exhibit's immersive experience sheds light on the colonial exploitation of African peoples and their lifestyles: specifically the expropriation of lived African spiritual and artistic expressions. These artifacts - sometimes stolen outright, sometimes obtained through imbalanced terms of trade, and sometimes obtained by fair bargain - often appear in exhibits as disembodied objects devoid of explanation or reinterpreted through the conceptions of the exploiters. This phenomenon has historically supported the consciousness of colonialism and now of post- and neo-colonialism, maintaining its propagation through museums, schools, and other institutions worldwide. The exhibition is composed of a virtual environment in addition to projection mapping. The visual, aural, and interactive elements engage with and challenge the viewer's culturally conditioned ways of thought regarding artwork "consumption." This thesis, building on the exhibition, examines the possibilities of employing evolving technology and coding toward the long-term task of "softly" repatriating displaced artifacts while starting a conversation about physical repatriation and providing a model that Congolese scholars and artists can use to preserve and reclaim their cultural heritage. / Master of Fine Arts / Pieces of art from Congo and much of Africa are often perceived in the Western world as exotic objects to be looked at and photographed. To the Congolese people, those objects are an essential part of their ongoing life. It goes without saying that they are central to the collective spirit, sense of the world, cultural identity, and ancestral history. Past, Present, Future is an immersive art installation that takes displaced works from Congo and other settings in Africa and restores their living context through a Congolese artist's lens. This paper examines the process by which they were extracted from their home and found their way onto Western institutions, what they were and what was lost, and how through contemporary technology-integrated creative expression, they may be made whole for the enrichment of those from whom they came, their current hosts, and people everywhere.

<p dir="ltr">In the ever-changing landscape of game development, the choice of game engine plays a critical role in deciding the efficiency and performance of a game. This research paper presents a comparative analysis of the performance benchmarks of large general purpose game engines, specifically Unreal Engine 5, Unity, and Godot, versus small genre-specific engines in the context of a simple 2D projectile dodging game. The study focuses on two-dimensional games, which are particularly popular with small studios and indie developers. All three general purpose engines evaluated claim to support building both 2D and 3D applications, however since 2D game logic tends to be smaller scoped and more compact such games are impacted greater by any overhead and bloat the engine introduces, which this research paper intends to evaluate. A series of controlled experiments are conducted to assess each engine's performance in processor utilization, power consumption, memory usage and storage space requirements.</p>