We overviewed indications and contraindications and their tendencies for upper extremity replantations in our dissertation. This work reviewed and analyzed 1983-2007 years material of upper extremity replantations in the oldest and largest replantation center in Lithuania – VUH Centro Affiliate Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department. We analyzed trends and causes of changing numbers of upper extremity replantations. We assessed clinical and social factors and determined their relationship of replantated upper extremity segments. We determined dependencies between prophylactic use of medications and replants survival ratio during the investigation period. We also analyzed different meanings of replantology terms and offered some guidelines for their proper usage. / Disertacijoje apžvelgtos viršutinės galūnės segmentų replantacijų indikacijų, kontraindikacijų, terminologijos bei profilaktinio medikamentų vartojimo tendencijos, siekiant sumažinti kraujagyslinių komplikacijų skaičių po replantacijų. Darbe atlikta didžiausio Lietuvos replantologijos centro Vilniaus universiteto ligoninės Santariškių klinikų Centro filialo Plastinės ir rekonstrukcinės chirurgijos skyriaus 1983–2007 metų viršutinės galūnės segmentų replantacijų, ir jų veiksnių apžvalga bei išnagrinėtos replantacijų skaičiaus mažėjimo priežastys. Taip pat nustatyta nemedikamentinių ir medikamentinių veiksnių reikšmė replantatų prigijimui. Gautais rezultatais paneigta šiuo metu paplitusi nuomonė dėl didelės profilaktiškai vartojamų medikamentų reikšmės replantatų prigijimui. Pasiūlytos rekomendacijos dėl terminų replantologijoje naudojimo.

The objective of the research is to examine the impact of auditory stimulus on improving reaching performance in children with cerebral palsy. A form of auditory stimulus, called rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS), is well-established in neurological fields as well as in music-based rehabilitation and therapy. RAS is a method in which the rhythm functions as a sensory cue to induce temporal stability and enhancement of movement patterns by what is believed to be a temporal constraint of the patient’s internal optimized path of motion. In current neurological studies, it is suggested that activity in the premotor cortex may represent the integration of auditory information with temporally organized motor action during rhythmic cuing. Based on this theory, researchers have shown that rhythmic auditory stimulation can produce significant improvement in mean gait velocity, cadence, and stride length in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Evidence validating this observation was also seen in a study on hemiparetic stroke wherein patients displayed improvements in spatio-temporal arm control, reduction in variability of timing and reaching trajectories, and kinematic smoothing of the wrist joint during rhythmic entrainment. Lastly, studies have suggested an accompaniment of sound feedback in addition to visual feedback can result in a positive influence and higher confidence in patients who have had a stroke or spinal cord injury. Although an effect of rhythmic cuing on upper extremity therapy has been explored in areas where brain injury has occurred (such as patients who have incurred stroke, spinal injury, traumatic brain injury, etc.), what has not been explored is the effect of rhythmic cuing on upper extremity therapy for individuals with neurological movement disorders, such as cerebral palsy. Thus, in this research, we set out to explore the effect of RAS in therapeutic interventions for children with cerebral palsy. Through this investigation, we examine its effect on reaching performance as measured through range of motion, peak angular velocity, movement time, path length, spatio-temporal variability, and movement units. For this assessment, we created a virtual system to test the aforementioned principles. We established clinically based angular measurements that include elbow flexion, shoulder flexion, and shoulder abduction using a 3D depth sensor to evaluate relevant metrics in upper extremity rehabilitation. We validated the output of our measurements through a comparison with a Vicon Motion Capture System. We then confirmed the trends of the metrics between groups of adults, children, and children with cerebral palsy. Through testing our system with adults, children, and children with cerebral palsy, we believe we have constructed a system that may induce engagement, which is critical to physical therapy, and may also have a positive impact on the metrics. Although we see trends indicative of an effect through use of the system on children with cerebral palsy, we believe further testing is needed in order to establish or refute the effect and also to definitively establish or refute the effect of rhythmic auditory stimulation. The system, the angular measurements, and the metrics we employ could provide an excellent foundation for future research in this space.

The occurrence of work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMD) has been a focus of much research and the prevalence of upper extremity disorders (UED) has also been explored. Most of the studies addressing WRMD among hairstylists considered the biomechanical demands of the industry, with a few studies acknowledging the psychosocial risk factors as precipitators of the upper extremity pain. This qualitative study contributes to an understanding of the biopsychosocial factors linked to the experience of pain, and how the process of adjustment to pain impacted the performance of roles at work and home of female hairstylists. The PEO model (Law et al., 1996) was used to describe the impact of pain on roles and the adjustment process in the management of roles, and facilitated an understanding of the occupational performance issues face by the stylists experiencing upper extremity pain.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 8 uppsatser.

INTRODUCTION: Women’s gymnastics has the highest injury incidence rates for NCAA female college athletes. Gymnastics maneuvers may require support and transfer of the entire body weight from the feet to the hands. Such motions cause excessive loading and stress across joint surfaces which on occasion can exceed the mechanical strength of upper limb joints and supportive musculoskeletal structures, resulting in injuries ranging from acute fractures to chronic overuse injuries like osteochondritis dissecans. Recent technological advances have only now made it possible to analyze the complex and simultaneous motions in multiple planes required for evaluation of even the most basic gymnastic maneuvers like the round-off back handspring (ROBHS). OBJECTIVES: There is a paucity of data characterizing upper extremity injury causation and biomechanical risk factors in the small number of gymnastics studies conducted. The first hand contact for any gymnastics skill has never been quantitatively assessed. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to perform a detailed 3D biomechanical characterization of the round-off back handspring (ROBHS) first hand contact and evaluate any potential correlations to upper extremity injury determinants. METHODS: A 3D motion capture camera and force plate system captured the relative positon of reflective markers affixed to 62 anatomical positions on subjects during performance of an ROBHS. A virtual model of each subject was constructed using Nexus C-motion software. Programming with Visual3D and MATLAB software was used to calculate desired force, kinematic and kinetic variables such as joint torques and angles. Past medical history questionnaires were administered, and clinical range of motion and strength measures were assessed. RESULTS: Compared with other factors analyzed, hand contact order appeared to have the highest degree of influence on upper extremity biomechanics at both the time of initial contact and throughout the entire movement sequence. The second contact limb was correlated with a larger average ground contact force, whereas while the first contact limb was related to a shorter time to peak force development and larger magnitude rotational kinematic variables, especially at the elbow—the primary site of upper extremity injury. For the first hand contact, torque development at the elbow and shoulder appeared to be related, and wrist and shoulder variables were presumably related to ground reaction force (GRF) development. The proposed literature elbow injury mechanism may need some adjustment to reflect the impact of elbow flexion angle on GRF and elbow valgus torque, key variables tied to chronic elbow joint capsule overload injuries. CONCLUSIONS: The novel information provided by this study can be used to guide future recommendations for the prevention of upper extremity injury in gymnastics training and competition. Improved understanding of associated force, kinetic, and kinematic biomechanical variables like joint torque could have implications for movement specific body positioning with the potential for extrapolation to gymnastics moves with similar loading patterns. Possible protective technique interventions based on study findings include increasing second hand elbow flexion during the round-off phase of motion or minimizing the time between hand contacts.

Orientador: José Inácio de Oliveira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T07:06:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Peres_ClaudiaMaria1966-_D.pdf: 2464355 bytes, checksum: cc3a0eac4fd7bd99c8629ee6f60db1c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A Síndrome do Impacto (SI) e a doença ocupacional possuem necessidades de diagnóstico e de tratamento onde a reabilitação possui papel importante no controle da dor e no retorno às atividades laborais e de recreação. No presente estudo buscaram-se investigar quais foram às alterações existentes em indivíduos que apresentavam SI: qual o domínio da Qualidade de Vida (QV) estava alterado, qual a incapacidade, os sintomas e a Amplitude de Movimento (ADM) dos membros superiores (MMSS) e quais as diferenças entre os tratamentos fisioterápicos convencional e "Isostreching". Após as análises estatísticas, verificou-se que 50% dos voluntários estudados eram do gênero masculino nos dois grupos e que o ombro dominante era o direito. A SI foi referida bilateralmente em 56,67% dos indivíduos do Grupo I e em 46,66% do Grupo II somente no ombro direito. Quanto à aderência aos tratamentos foi alta nos 2 grupos. Após os tratamentos, os resultados mostraram que em relação aos 8 domínios da QV, obteve-se melhora na Capacidade funcional, Vitalidade, Aspectos Sociais e Saúde Mental, sendo o Grupo I apresentou melhores resultados. Quanto aos domínios: Estado Geral de Saúde e Aspecto Emocional obteve-se pouca melhora nos dois grupos. A melhora do domínio Dor destacou-se no Grupo I em relação ao tratamento convencional do Grupo II. O Questionário de Incapacidade do Braço, Ombro e Mão (DASH), auxiliou na análise dos resultados dos sintomas e da incapacidade nos indivíduos com SI. As respostas deste questionário mostraram que os sintomas e a incapacidade obtiveram melhores resultados com o Grupo I em relação ao Grupo II. Quanto à Goniometria, não houve diferença estatística no ganho da ADM entre os 2 grupos, mas houve ganho percentual importante com os dois tratamentos, onde o ombro direito obteve ganho maior do que o lado esquerdo mesmo com a bilateralidade do lado acometido sendo alta no Grupo I. Conclusão: de acordo com os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa, que mostrou melhora na reabilitação dos pacientes com SI do ombro por meio do tratamento de "Isostreching", a utilização desta técnica pareceu por suas aplicações sinérgicas e lógicas ser mais uma ferramenta importante para o arsenal terapêutico desta síndrome dolorosa / Abstract: Impact Syndrome (IS) and occupational diseases have diagnosis and treatment needs where rehabilitation has an important role for pain management and return to work and to normal physical activities. With this study sought to identify changes in people suffering IS: what domain of Quality of Life (QOL) was altered, which disabilities, symptoms and Range of Motion (ROM) of the upper limbs and, also, the differences between conventional physiotherapy and "Isostreching". After statistical analysis, it was found that 50% of subjects studied were male in both groups and the dominant shoulder was right. The IS was reported bilaterally in 56.67% of patients in Group I and and only on the right shoulder in 46.66% of cases in Group II. Adherence to treatment was high in two groups. After treatments, the results showed that in relation to the 8 domains of QOL, obtained an improvement in Functional Capacity, Vitality, Social Functioning, and Mental Health, with best results in Group I. For the domains: General Health and Emotional Aspect obtained little improvement in both groups. The improved in the domain Pain stood out in Group I compared to Group II with conventional treatment. The Questionnaire Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), supported the analysis of the results of symptoms and disability in individuals with IS. The answers to this questionnaire indicated that symptoms and disability fared better in Group I than in Group II. As for goniometry, there was no statistical difference in the gain of ROM comparing the groups, but there were important percentage gain with both treatments, which had earned the right shoulder higher than the left one, even with the bilaterality of the affected side being high in Group I. Conclusion: according to the results obtained in this study, which showed improvement in the rehabilitation of patients with IS shoulder through treatment "Isostreching". The use of this technique seemed by their synergetic and logic applications to be more an important tool for the therapeutic armamentarium of this painful syndrome / Doutorado / Epidemiologia / Doutora em Saúde Coletiva

Orientador: Donizeti Cesar Honorato / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T10:38:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima_NubiaMariaFreireVieira_D.pdf: 2259312 bytes, checksum: 39bc49e5fb60f586b16aa8bfa15bd3cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Mais da metade das vítimas de Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) apresentará algum grau de incapacidade, especialmente na extremidade superior (ES), e esta pode ser agravada pelos déficits sensoriais protopáticos e/ou epicríticos. Astereognosia, déficits das sensações táteis, dolorosas, térmicas e proprioceptivas são frequentes e podem afetar ambas as ES, resultando em prejuízos no alcance/preensão e dependência da orientação visual (OV). A redução do input sensorial da ES ipsilateral ao AVC é realizada para avaliar as conexões interhemisféricas e os efeitos na função sensório-motora das ES¿s. A crioterapia pode reduzir a velocidade de condução nervosa e minimizar o input sensorial da ES ipsilateral ao AVC. O objetivo do artigo 1 foi descrever o desempenho sensório-motor da ES de paciente pós-AVC crônico, na presença e ausência de OV. A ES foi avaliada pelo Protocolo de Desempenho Físico de Fugl-Meyer (FM), Avaliação Sensorial de Nottingham (ASN), 10 testes funcionais (TF) e testes de sequência motora (SM). A paciente apresentou déficits táteis, proprioceptivos e astereognosia na ES contralateral ao AVC e, a despeito do leve comprometimento motor, demonstrou lentidão/incapacidade de realização dos TF e SM na ausência da OV, caracterizando a paresia aferente. O objetivo do artigo 2 foi investigar as alterações sensoriais no complexo punho-mão ipsilateral de 28 sujeitos pós-AVC crônico e correlacioná-las com as disfunções sensório-motoras contralaterais à lesão, testes funcionais (com e sem OV), lateralidade do AVC e dominância manual. Foram aplicados a estesiometria, ASN, subescalas sensorial e motora de FM e testes funcionais. Os resultados revelaram distúrbios sensoriais ipsilaterais protopáticos e epicríticos em 64% dos indivíduos. Aqueles com lesão em hemisfério cerebral direito mostraram melhor sensação tátil na ES ipsilateral ao AVC e houve perda sensorial significativa na ES ipsilateral em dois sujeitos canhotos. Não houve correlação entre os déficits sensoriais das ES nem correlação entre os déficits sensoriais ipsilaterais e o comprometimento motor contralateral ao AVC. Os objetivos do artigo 3 foram aplicar a hipotermia por imersão da ES ipsilateral ao AVC (punho-mão) associada à intervenção sensorial (IS) na ES contralateral ao AVC crônico e avaliar os efeitos imediatos e em longo prazo. Foram acompanhados 27 sujeitos pós-AVC crônico nos grupos 1 (n=14) e 2 (n=13). O grupo 2 foi submetido à hipotermia por imersão do punho e mão ipsilaterais ao AVC com IS e o grupo 1 realizou IS (10 sessões). Foram mensurados estesiometria, FM, ASN, TF, SM, discriminação tátil, de peso, nível de desconforto e parâmetros hemodinâmicos. Os efeitos imediatos foram estabilidade hemodinâmica durante e após a hipotermia, ausência de alterações sensoriais na ES contralateral ao AVC, hipoestesia na ES ipsilateral (dermátomos C6 e C8) (p<0,05) e níveis de desconforto aceitáveis. Em longo prazo, tem-se a melhora nos TF (com e sem OV) e localização tátil, propriocepção consciente e função tátil nos dermátomos C6 e C7 na mão contralateral ao AVC do grupo 2 (p<0,05). O uso da hipotermia de imersão da ES ipsilateral associado à intervenção sensorial na ES contralateral ao AVC conduziu à melhora sensório-motora da ES oposta ao AVC crônico / Abstract: More than half the stroke victims will present some degree of disability, especially in the upper extremity (UE), and this may be influenced by somatosensory deficits. Astereognosis, deficits of tactile, painful, thermal and proprioceptive disturbances are frequent and can affect both ES, resulting in losses in the reach/grasp and dependence on visual guidance (VG). The reduction of ipsilesional UE¿s sensory input is performed to evaluate the interhemispherics connections and effects on sensorimotor function in stroke subjects. Cryotherapy can reduce the conduction velocity of sensory fibres and can minimise sensory input to the ipsilesional UE. The purpose of Article 1 was to describe the UE¿s sensorimotor performance in chronic post-stroke subject, in the presence and absence of VG. The contralesional UE was assessed by the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Nottingham Sensory Assessment (NSA), 10 functional tests (FT) and motor sequence (MS). Despite the mild motor impairment, the patient presented tactile, proprioceptive dysfunctions and astereognosis in contralesional UE and slowness/failure to achieve FT and MS test in the absence of VG, characterizing the afferent paresis. The Article 2 investigated the changes in the ipsilesional wrist and hand of 28 stroke chronic stroke subjects and correlate them with the sensory-motor dysfunction contralateral to the lesion, functional tests (with and without VG), stroke laterality and hand dominance. The subjects were evaluated by esthesiometry, ASN, sensory and motor subscales FMA and FT. The results showed sensory disorders in 64% of individuals. Those with lesions in the right cerebral hemisphere showed better tactile sensation in the ipsilesional UE and significant sensory loss was found in the ipsilesional UE in two left-handed subjects. There was no correlation between sensory deficits of UE¿s or correlation between ipsilesional sensory deficits and contralesional motor impairment. The Article 3 applied immersion hypothermia of an ipsilesional upper extremity (UE) and sensorial intervention of contralesional UE of chronic post-stroke patients to evaluate the immediate hemodynamic, sensorimotor and long-term effects. The sample included 27 stroke patients allocated into group 1 (n=14), which received conventional physiotherapy for the contralesional UE, and group 2 (n=13), which was submitted to immersion hypothermia of the ipsilesional wrist and hand in ten sessions. Assessments were performed pre- and post-treatment and at follow-up using esthesiometry, FMA, NSA, FT, tactile and weight discrimination, MS, level of comfort and hemodynamic parameters. The immediate effects of immersion hypothermia were hemodynamic stability during and after each session, an absence of sensory changes in the UE and hypoesthesia in dermatomes, C6 and C8, of the ipsilesional UE (p<0.05), which maintained acceptable levels of comfort. Significant long-term improvements in test scores with and without visual guidance, using tactile localization, conscious proprioception and in tactile function of the C6 and C7 dermatomes of the contralesional hand in group 2 (p<0.05). Immersion hypothermia of the ipsilesional UE in chronic stroke patients is a safe, inexpensive and practical, with good patient adherence to the technique. The use of immersion hypothermia on the ipsilesional UE improved motor and sensitivity functions in the contralesional UE of chronic stroke patients / Doutorado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Doutora em Ciências Médicas

Flutists have reported musculoskeletal pain from practicing and performing their instrument. This study was a statistical approach to investigate potential causal risk factors for flute related pain among high school and college students. The study focused on the relationship between flute related pain and musical background or anthropometric measurements including size, strength and flexibility. Subjects included thirty high school and college-aged flutists who were assessed using a questionnaire, bi-lateral anthropometric measurements of the upper-extremities, upper-extremity performance tests for range of motion, isometric strength and rotation speed, and instrument specific questions. Four questions regarding pain associated with flute playing were treated as dependent variables and used for correlation and regression analyses with other independent variables. A six-factor regression model was created and each model was statistically significant. Results of this study show that strength, flexibility, pain spots, and exposure are risk factors for flute related pain. Both left and right pinch strength and right isometric pronation strength were significantly correlated to flutists experiencing pain while playing. Knowledge of these factors in relationship to pain is needed in flute pedagogy to help teachers and performers understand why flutists report pain during and after playing. Additional studies are warranted for replication of this study and for determining the clinical and pedagogical relevance of these findings.

Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att sammanställa och beskriva arbetsterapeutiska interventioner vid hand-och arm träning för vuxna män och kvinnor med stroke, samt att undersöka interventionernas effekt och studiernas beviskraft. Metod: Datainsamling utfördes via litteratursökning i fyra databaser inom hälsa och medicin. Inklusionskriterier och kvalitetsgranskning resulterade i att 13 kvantitativa studier inkluderades. Analysen genomfördes via kvalitetsgranskning av valda studier samt en kvalitativ sammanställning. Vidare inspirerades författarna av Fisher och Marterellas (2019) interventions former. Resultat: Resultatetredovisas i två delar. I den första delen presenteras de olika interventionsformerna som erbjuds vuxna personer med stroke. Utifrån inspirationen av Fisher och Marterella (2019) framkom fem kategorier, Interventioner med fokus på att återfå eller upprätthålla förmågor, Interventioner med fokus på stärkande aktiviteter, Interventioner som simulerar en aktivitet, Träning i motorisk funktion och Stimulerande interventioner.Interventioner med fokus på stärkande aktiviteter förekom i samtliga analyserade studier. Den andra delen beskriver effekten av interventionerna och bevisvärde i studierna. Resultatet visade att flertalet av studiernas interventioner bidrog till förbättringar med avseende på motoriska funktioner och förmågor hos klienter med stroke. Dock framkom det att vidare forskning på interventionerna behövs för att tydliggöra resultatet ytterligare. Slutsats: Resultatet visade att interventioner relaterade till att förbättra motorisk funktion och förmåga efter stroke påvisade positiva resultat både i termer av upplevd motorisk funktion och förmåga att utföra aktiviteter. Dock återfanns begränsat med forskning som undersökt teknisk utrustning och tekniska hjälpmedel och dess effekt för vuxna personermed stroke. Slutligen visade litteraturöversikten att det finns behov av ytterligare forskning på interventioner förenande med teknik och hjälpmedel då det i dagsläget fanns relativt små studier inom det området.

PURPOSE: This study investigated the risk factors for cellulitis infection, the median time to onset of low volume swelling (5 to 10% relative volume change (RVC) and breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) (≥10% RVC) after an incidence of cellulitis, and the impact of common risk factors of both cellulitis and lymphedema on low volume swelling and BCRL. METHODS: We reviewed electronic medical records of 98 patients who underwent unilateral breast cancer (BC) surgery in the year 2011, who had a presurgical baseline perometry measurement and at least two postsurgical follow-up measurements. Clinicopathologic data, edema, and cellulitis incidence were obtained by medical record review. RESULTS: 18.37% of patients (18/98) experienced at least one incidence of cellulitis at a median of 1.03 years postoperatively. Of those 18 patients, 44.44% (eight out of 18) developed low volume swelling and 11.11% (two out of 18) developed BCRL at a median of 1.08 years and 2.33 years postoperatively, respectively. The median time to cellulitis incidence was 0.94 years and 2.91 years after the onset of low volume swelling and BCLR, respectively. Univariate logistic regression revealed that regional lymph node radiation (RLNR) (OR 4.4; p = 0.032) and low volume swelling (OR 6.56; p = 0.004) are significant risk factors for BCRL. RLNR remained a significant risk factor for the development of BCRL by multivariate logistic regression (OR 9.43; p = 0.031). CONCLUSION: Cellulitis may not incite or worsen pre-existing BCRL or affect the median time to BCRL development. However, lymphedema may put patients at risk of cellulitis infection. Sample size may have precluded statistical significance and further research is required to definitively identify the effect of cellulitis infection on lymphedema risk. / 2022-06-04T00:00:00Z