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This thesis explores how the structure (urban alphabet) of the ABC suburban model could evolve and transform in order to achieve a more sustainable future suburb. In particular, the “ABC city” was introduced in Stockholm’s General Plan of 1952 as a prototype for the suburban development of the municipality with Vällingby to be the first area developed according to this idea. So, it is examined how this first ABC suburb, Vällingby, could be reformed almost 100 years after its inauguration in order to consist a prototype for the future restructure of ABC suburbs. Subsequently, the project is articulated in 3 different time frames a)Past, b)Present and c)Future that seek to explore the structure of the ABC suburban model, its evolution until nowadays and its future development.

The focus of this case study is the renewal of Vällingby Centre which took place between 2004 and 2008. With its scale, ambition and content, Vällingby represented something completely new in Swedish urban development when the town district came into being in the early 1950s. The community centre also had an important role to play, it not only had a commercial function it also had a social and cultural function. Despite the fact that community centres appeared in great numbers, few of them remain as they once were. Many have undergone major changes including alterations and, quite often rather careless intervention, both with regard to their interior and exterior. New shop types, consumption patterns and increasingly fierce competition are just some of the factors that have led to the original values contained within this area being on the verge of disappearing. The entire town of Vällingby was nominated in 1987 by the National Heritage Board as a clear and well preserved example of an ABC city with regard to it structure and the planning ideals of the 1950s. An expression of such conservation ambitions signifies, however, a potential conflict situation with other interested parties and areas of interest, not least when it comes to buildings and environments that are for commercial use. The main purpose of this study is to deal with the renewal of Vällingby centre from a cultural heritage perspective. The first chapter will provide a background as to why Vällingby came about and present a picture of post-war town planning and the emergence of Vällingby Centre; while the second chapter will examine the decision-making process behind the renewal, where Välingby's town centre regeneration offers an interesting example of how areas which are classed as being of national interest are dealt with during the planning process. Vällingby Centre is an example of one of our modern national interests and of the maintenance and conservation problems post-war developments are associated with. The central parts of the town are also associated with a largely unexplored field of study, despite the increased diversity conservation intentions have received over the past few decades. / QC 20120502

The planning office in Stockholm is currently working on a new mixed-use master plan for the rundown industrial site in Vinsta, Stockholm. Looking at how similar developments are executed, there is reason to believe that a large part of the building stock will be demolished.  There are several arguments that can be made in resistance to such a course of action; sustainability, preservation and cultural values are keywords in the conservative approach to the redevelopment of Vinsta that this thesis explores.  The project includes an analysis of the site and its structures, a proposal for a new urban layout as well as designs for some of the housing blocks that are part of the new configuration.

I detta arbete undersöks huruvida planering och resultat angående infrastruktur och expansion av bebyggelse kan ha en påverkan på dagens socioekonomiska förhållanden. Arbetet ska genom dokumentstudier av äldre general-, trafik-, översikts- och detaljplaner från 1920- till 1990-talet samt litteraturstudier angående stadsbyggnadsprinciper besvara detta. Dessutom granskas resvaneundersökningar för respektive stad samt dagens utbud, tidtabeller och restider. De valda förorterna är Saltsjöbaden, Vällingby, Skärholmen och Rinkeby i Storstockholm samt Långedrag, Kortedala, Länsmansgården och Rannebergen i Storgöteborg. Alla förorter är etablerade under 1900-talet och ligger geografiskt sett ungefär lika långt från deras respektive stadskärna.  Arbetets frågeställning är vilka stadsbyggnadsprinciper som påverkar infrastrukturen i förorter, i vilken utsträckning planeringen av infrastrukturen skiljer sig jämfört med dagens läge och om det finns ett samband mellan socioekonomiska skillnader och ej genomförda planer. Tidigare forskning visar på många faktorer till varför olika förorter blivit socioekonomiskt utsatta, exempelvis bidrar den monotona och storskaliga arkitekturen till sämre attraktivitet.   Resultatet för detta arbete tyder på att även planer som inte fullständigt genomförts skulle kunna ha en negativ effekt på det socioekonomiska indexet och därmed varför vissa förorter blivit utsatta och mindre attraktiva. Detta eftersom det finns skillnad i planeringen av ABC- och sovstäder då det finns ett större behov av fungerande infrastruktur där det inte finns möjlighet att arbeta där man bor. I Rannebergen fullföljdes aldrig planerna om varken en spårväg, centrum eller arbetsmöjligheter i närområdet och detta område har även ett av de lägre socioekonomiska indexen idag. I både Rannebergen och Rinkeby färdigställdes kollektivtrafiken först flera år efter att de första invånarna flyttade till platserna och liksom Rannebergen har Rinkeby ett lägre socioekonomiskt index idag. Däremot finns inga tydliga mönster vad gäller frekvenser och restider mellan stadsdelarna och deras socioekonomiska situationer. Slutsatsen av detta arbete är att planer angående exempelvis centrum, arbetsplatser och infrastruktur bör fullföljas enligt planerna och färdigställas så snabbt som möjligt för stadsdelar som inte är självförsörjande gällande exempelvis centrum och arbetsplatser. / In this paper it is investigated whether planning and the results regarding infrastructure and expansion of settlements of some suburbs have an impact on today’s socioeconomic situation. This paper will answer this by doing document studies of the older plans, general plans, traffic plans, overview plans, detail plans, between the 1920s and the 1990s, as well as making literature studies regarding principles in urban planning. In addition to this, habit surveys for traveling for each city as well as today’s situation, timetables and travel times are analyzed. The chosen suburbs are Saltsjöbaden, Vällingby, Skärholmen and Rinkeby in Stockholm and Långedrag, Kortedala, Länsmansgården and Rannebergen in Gothenburg. All of the chosen suburbs were established during the 19th century and are located at the same distance from the city center.  The question in this paper is which principle in the urban planning affects the infrastructure in the suburb and to what extent the planning of the infrastructure differs in comparison to today’s situation and lastly if there is a pattern between socioeconomic index and unimplemented plans. Previous research points towards different factors to why various suburbs are socioeconomic vulnerable, for example the monotonous and large-scale architecture contribute to poorer attractiveness.  The result of this paper points towards that plans which not fully are implemented also could have a negative impact on the socioeconomic situation and could be a reason why different suburbs are vulnerable and not as attractive as others. This is because there are differences in the planning of ABC-cities and dormitory suburbs as there is a greater need for functioning infrastructure where it is not possible to work where you live. In Rannebergen the plans were not completed concerning neither the tramway, the city center or work opportunities in the immediate area and this area also has a lower socioeconomic situation today. In both Rannebergen and Rinkeby the public transport were completed several years after the first inhabitants moved to the areas and like Rannebergen, Rinkeby also has a lower socioeconomic situation today. However, there are no clear patterns in terms of frequencies and journey times between the areas and their socioeconomic situations. The conclusion of this paper is that the plans concerning for example city centers, working opportunities and infrastructure should be completed as quickly as possible for districts that are not self-sustaining concerning for example city centers and working opportunities.