Atualmente, a utilização de alianças estratégicas por empresas tem aumentado muito, devido a grande concorrência nos mercados nacionais e internacionais. Entre os tipos de alianças estratégicas comumente utilizadas estão os Consórcios, as Joint Ventures e as Organizações Virtuais (por meio da criação de Empresas Virtuais). Vários são os fatores que levam as empresas a utilizarem essas formas de aliança, entre elas a redução de custos, o aumento de participação de mercado, a aquisição de capacitação tecnológica. Para que tais uniões se concretizem com sucesso, metodologias de avaliação vêm sendo estudadas e adaptadas a essas diferentes formas de aliança com o intuito de minimizar os riscos de união envolvidos em tais processos. Entre esses estudos, pode-se destacar as ferramentas de análise econômica/financeira, que de certa maneira, já vêm sendo empregadas nos Consórcios e Joint Ventures. No que se refere às Organizações Virtuais e Empresas Virtuais existe uma lacuna no que diz respeito a esse assunto. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar as principais contribuições e limitações geradas pela inclusão de procedimentos de análise econômica/financeira nos processos de formação de Organizações Virtuais; manutenção de Organizações Virtuais; formação de Empresas Virtuais e manutenção de Empresas Virtuais. / Nowadays, there is an increase of the use of strategic alliances by enterprises, due to hard competition in the national and international markets. The kinds of strategic alliances more usual are Consortiums, Joint Ventures and Virtual Organizations with the creation of Virtual Enterprises, by the last entity. The enterprises use the strategic alliances by several factors: reducing costs, increase of market share, acquisition of technological capacity and others. For what occur a successful partnership, evaluation methodologies are being studied and adopted for these alliances with the purpose of minimize the risks of the partnership of such processes. Between these studies, the economical/financial analysis tools, in a manner, it are being used in Consortiums and Joint Ventures. In relationship of Virtual Organizations and Virtual Enterprises exist a gap in the literature in this aspect. By the way, this work intends to identify and to analyze the main contributions and limitations caused by the inclusion of procedures of economical/financial analysis in the processes of development of Virtual Organizations; maintenance of Virtual Organizations; development of Virtual Enterprises and maintenance of Virtual Enterprises.

Knowledge management is a major concern for organizations today, and in spite of investments in technology, knowledge transfer remains problematic. This study sought to determine whether a relationship exists among participant group demographics (experience), implementation of an integrated knowledge transfer system (best practices model), knowledge transfer barriers, and knowledge transfer project (Web-based training) outcome in a virtual organization. The participant organization was a network of individuals and groups who practice patient advocacy in the research and treatment of cancer. These advocates volunteer in various capacities and are not collocated nor do they report to any single organizational entity. Volunteer participants were randomly assigned to a treatment or control condition. The treatment participants received a training supplement based upon a best practices knowledge transfer model. All participants reviewed a Web-based communications training module scheduled for deployment by the participant organization. Upon completion of the training program, participants were instructed to practice specific techniques from the program. At the end of this period, participants completed an online survey that measured demographics, perceived barriers to the knowledge transfer, and project outcome. Knowledge transfer barriers were defined as knowledge, source, recipient, and organizational context characteristics that inhibit the expected transfer. Project outcome was a composite score of items measuring completion time, budget, and satisfaction of the user. Multiple regression identified two significant predictor variables, source (the training program and implementation) and experience (amount of time spent in advocacy practice). Additional analyses found knowledge (causal ambiguity and unproven knowledge) and the experimental treatment condition to show a strong relationship with the explained variance of the dependent variable, knowledge transfer project outcome. Results suggest that an online training implementation is a valid tool for certain specific transfer design characteristics. Experience was a negative predictor of outcome, suggesting that participant-specific level of training material may produce improved outcome. Furthermore, knowledge in the form of evidence that the material is useful as well as explanation of the cause and effect linkage is a factor in a more successful transfer. Finally, the application of a knowledge transfer system designed around organization-specific variables shows promise as a factor in enhanced knowledge transfer in Web-based training in virtual organizations. Further research is suggested to provide additional insight into the predictive value of these variables.

Die GeNeMe-Workshops, 1998 ins Leben gerufen, haben einer Reihe von Praktikern und Wissenschaftlern ein attraktives Forum geboten, um ihre Konzepte, Werkzeuge, Methoden und Modelle der Fachöffentlichkeit zu präsentieren und somit virtuelle Organisationen auf operationaler Ebene zu modellieren und zu unterstützen. Der Erfolg resultiert nicht zuletzt daraus, dass in einem überschaubaren Kreis, am Gegenstand der virtuellen Organisationen (VO) und Gemeinschaften, ein für alle fruchtbarer transdisziplinärer Wissensaustausch stattfand. Hierbei stand überwiegend praxisnahes Verfügungswissen, also das möglichst detaillierte und genaue Wissen um einen Wirklichkeitsausschnitt einschließlich konstruktiver Modell- und Methodenentwicklung im Zentrum. Eher an der Peripherie blieb bisher die Frage, was notwendiges Orientierungswissen (vom „know how“ zum „know why“, vgl. [Mittelstraß 2001]) für Akteure und Organisationen bei der Gestaltung von VO sein kann. Nach unserer Auffassung benötigt exzellente Forschung beides, hochspezialisiertes Fachwissen verknüpft mit dem Blick für das Ganze. Denn mittels Orientierungswissen gelingt es, die Spezialkenntnisse einzuordnen und ihre Einbettung in gesellschaftliche und makroökonomische Belange zu verstehen. VO unterliegen zwar auch technischen oder ökonomischen Sachzwängen, sind aber verstärkt in gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen, IT-Innovationen, neue Ansätze der Organisationsentwicklung und veränderte kulturelle Leitbilder eingebettet. Zu ihrer Analyse werden VO in ihren historischen Kontexten und Wechselwirkungen eingeordnet. Grundlage dieser Bewertung ist das an der Universität Hamburg entwickelte Orientierungsmodell „Mikropolis“, das sich, metaphorisch gesprochen, als Reiseführer für die Informationsgesellschaft versteht.

Globalization and innovation are revolutionizing the higher education forcing to create new market trends.Different nations have their own pattern and framework of education in delivering the educational services.Educational institutions are also seeking different organizational and behavioural changes for their better future as they hunt for new financial resources, face new competition and seek greater prestige domestically and internationally. The coming future will decide which universities would survive the market trends, competition and expectations of the students (Clients). The survival-of-the-fittest paradigm framework plays a prominent role in ideas of how the higher education would be delivered to the students in future with the Instruction Technology and distance education. According to us the education trend has changed its phase of delivery of services form the management point of view to student’s point of view.Leading to delivery of educational service’s which would have more impact on student’s education, knowledge and experience within the institution. In our thesis we try to provide some information about how to support and manage the information in Virtual Organizations. We also explore the frameworks of the university and discussed a case study about the different ways of providing better support for information management resulting in delivery of best students driven services and unique facilities. We would be looking at the different aspects of the university work flows and procedures and gain an insight on the student’s expectation from the organization. This investigation would be helpful for the students to know what are the services they should expect from the universities and also helpful for management to know better the needs of the students and their needs and to develop a framework for proper execution of these services. / In an educational environment students should be the first priority. Trusting students is we feel the most important aspect of an educational institution also providing the best possible support to students.after being through the total framework of an organization and different Non- Functional requirements, we conclude that the primary task for better information management and service delivery in any organization is to get the better understanding of the requirements engineering. An organization should have clearly defined stakeholders who would be qualified and filled with commitment to manage their responsibilities with higher priority; also they have to take up the responsibilities for the students.So to achieve a balance among stakeholders there should be a proper negotiation and communication between the stakeholders. In order to achieve that there should be common set of defined rules (say services) through which they could correspond with each other. The stakeholder should be well equipped with the technical nature used to develop and maintain the system.In short the management is the key player in understanding and validating the system and determine whether or not the existing system/process is in control. The most powerful designs are always the result of a continuous process of simplification and refinement. The system could be validated by taking regular feedback from students by handing out a paper for evaluation at various occasions of the different courses. An online, end-of-course plus the experiences of students questions should be designed and should be made a part of students work to fill it in order to get their right perception on the system. These feedbacks could lead to proper student dialogue evaluation. Therefore, eventually controlling and smoothly managing the stakeholders and the services could provide efficient support for the information management in virtual organizations.BTH has the staffs who are concerned about student problems but there is no person responsible for the students whom the students could approach. So BTH should have defined stakeholders who are responsible for the students and to whom the students could approach with their difficulties and problems. The university should show the students that they care for them, this is only possible by the university to go an extra mile for the sake of students and providing better facilities and future prospects for the students. / Kosuri Naga Krishna Kalyan C/O Achanta Srinivas Kungsmarksvagen 69-1412 Karlskrona 37144 Sweden Phone::0046-0704521463 B.B.Pavan Kumar Yadav C/O Achanta Srinivas Kungsmarksvagen 69-1412 Karlskrona 37144 Sweden Phone:0046-0737726964

Aus dem Vorwort: "Bereits zum siebten Mal findet der Workshop „GeNeMe - Gemeinschaften in Neuen Medien“ mit einer Vielzahl interessanter Beiträge in folgenden Rubriken statt: • Praxis, Visionen, Trends und Chancen von GeNeMe (eingeladene Vorträge), • Konzepte, Geschäfts- und Betreibermodelle von GeNeMe, • E-Learning in GeNeMe, • Anwendungen und Praxisbeispiele von GeNeMe und • Soziologische, psychologische, personalwirtschaftliche, didaktische und rechtliche Aspekte von GeNeMe. Aufgrund der Bedeutung des Themas, der Resonanz auf den Call-for-Proposal und der Beschränkungen, die bez. des zeitlichen Rahmens des Workshops bestanden, konnten trotz hoher Qualität leider nur etwa die Hälfte der eingereichten Beiträge Berücksichtigung finden. Das Interesse am Thema GeNeMe ist sowohl in der Forschung wie auch in der Praxis weiterhin sehr groß. Dies zeigt die Breite der zur Diskussion gestellten Themen und eingereichten Beiträge."

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Nunmehr zum achten Male liegt ein Sammelband zum Workshop "GeNeMe – Gemeinschaften in Neuen Medien“ vor, der Beiträge zu folgenden Themenfeldern enthält: • Konzepte für GeNeMe (Geschäfts-, Betriebs- und Architektur-Modelle), • IT-Unterstützung (Portale, Plattformen, Engines) von GeNeMe, • E-Learning in GeNeMe, • Wissensmanagement in GeNeMe, • Anwendungen und Praxisbeispiele von GeNeMe und • Soziologische, psychologische, personalwirtschaftliche, didaktische und rechtliche Aspekte von GeNeMe. Sie wurden aus einem breiten Angebot interessanter und qualitativ hochwertiger Beiträge zu dieser Tagung ausgewählt. Das Interesse am Thema GeNeMe (Virtuelle Unternehmen, Virtuelle Gemeinschaften etc.) und das Diskussionsangebot von Ergebnissen zu diesem Thema sind im Lichte dieser Tagung also ungebrochen und weiterhin sehr groß. Die thematischen Schwerpunkte entsprechen aktuellen Arbeiten und Fragestellungen in der Forschung wie auch der Praxis. Dabei ist die explizite Diskussion von Geschäfts- und Betreibermodellen für GeNeMe, insbesondere bei der aktuellen gesamtwirtschaftlichen Lage, zeitgemäß und essentiell für ein Bestehen der Konzepte und Anwendungen für und in GeNeMe. In zunehmendem Maße rücken weiterhin auch Fragen nach den Erfolgsfaktoren und deren Wechselbeziehungen zu soziologischen, psychologischen, personalwirtschaftlichen, didaktischen und rechtlichen Aspekten in den Mittelpunkt. Deshalb wurde hierzu ein entsprechender Schwerpunkt in der Tagung beibehalten. Konzepte und Anwendungen für GeNeMe bilden entsprechend der Intention der Tagung auch weiterhin den traditionellen Kern und werden dem Anspruch auch in diesem Jahr gerecht. Die Tagung richtet sich in gleichem Maße an Wissenschaftler wie auch Praktiker, die sich über den aktuellen Stand der Arbeiten auf dem Gebiet der GeNeMe informieren möchten.

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