<p>This dissertation contains an edition of <i>Dyalogus super Reuelacionibus beate Birgitte</i>, which is a discussion and defence of the Revelations (<i>Reuelaciones</i>) of St. Birgitta of Sweden (ca. 1303-1373). In legal proceedings at the Council of Basle (1431-1449), the <i>Reuelaciones</i> were accused of heresy, examined and defended. Among the defenders was Heymericus de Campo (1395-1460), who at that time was professor of theology at the University of Cologne. In addition to the formal examination reports, Heymericus wrote a dialogue on the subject. The <i>Dyalogus</i>, which was probably composed as a contribution to a debate, is tentatively dated to have been written between October 1434 and February 17, 1435. The main part of <i>Dyalogus </i>consists of 123 text passages extracted from the <i>Reuelaciones</i> and accused of heresy, and Heymericus’ defence of these text passages. The aim of the defence is to prove that the <i>Reuelaciones</i> are truly orthodox and thus inspired by God. In addition, Heymericus intends to display the reasons and arguments the impugners had for questioning the <i>Reuelaciones</i>. <i>Dyalogus</i> and the other defences were read and copied foremost within the Birgittine order. The judgement passed at the proceedings called for a commentary before the <i>Reuelaciones</i> could be disseminated to the whole of their extent. To the Birgittines the defences of Basle filled this purpose, at least for some time. </p><p>The extensive introduction of the thesis deals with the historical context of the text, its use and importance, its place within the author’s literary production, the contents and language of the text, and finally the textual transmission. Vadstena Abbey’s copy of the text is chosen as base manuscript for the edition.</p>

ABSTRACT Human capital comprises not only man power but also brain power which implies people¡¦s intelligence, potentiality, intellect¡K.etc. Nowadays the world has been getting into the new era of knowledge economy; and the competency of brain power instead of financial capital, land, facility/equipment becomes the core element of competition among enterprises. In this context, human capital in organizations is considered as the valuable assets, which are critically influential and significant. Organizations aiming at best performance admit the vital importance of the innovation and make every endeavor to maintain their competitive strengths and advantages by means of innovative management to achieve the goal of organizational innovations. The thesis focuses on the correlation between human capital and organizational innovation, in conjunction with organizational characteristics and industrial environment which might interfere with the correlation. After empirical study & statistical analysis, the thesis reveals as following: I. Five dimensions of human capital in organizations--- 1. Top management¡¦s knowledgeable & visionary leadership; 2. Employees¡¦ enterpreneurship & innovativeness; 3. Rejuvenesce of human capital; 4. Upgrading of human capital; 5. Deposit of human capital II. Differenciation analysis on the five dimensions of human capital by organizational characteristics--- 1. The organizations in various industries indicate slightly obvious differentiation in the upgrading degrees of human capital; in comparison, the organizations in service industry invest more in employees¡¦ training & cultivation than those in manufacturing industry. 2. The organizations with bigger capital amounts obviously put much more emphasis on rejuvenesce as well as deposit of human capital. 3. The organizations in the maturity period of life cycle comparatively concentrate much more of their attention on deposit of human capital; whereas those in the growing period of life cycle emphasize much more on upgrading human capital. 4. Over-20-years-old organizations lay much more emphasis on deposit of human capital than those at the ages less than 15 years. III. Human capital¡¦s direct influence on organizational innovation--- Top management¡¦s knowledgeable & visionary leadership exerts obviously positive effect on the innovation of management as well as technique. IV. The interaction of organizational characteristics and human capital has obviously positive effect on the organizational innovation--- 1. The interaction of the ages of the organization and rejuvenesce of human capital has obviously positive effect on the innovation of management. 2. The interaction of the capital amount of the organization and top management¡¦s knowledgeable & visionary leadership has obviously positive effect on the innovation of management. Key words: human capital, organizational innovation, top management¡¦s knowledgeable & visionary leadership, employees¡¦ enterpreneurship & innovativeness, rejuvenesce of human capital, upgrading of human capital, deposit of human capital

This dissertation contains an edition of Dyalogus super Reuelacionibus beate Birgitte, which is a discussion and defence of the Revelations (Reuelaciones) of St. Birgitta of Sweden (ca. 1303-1373). In legal proceedings at the Council of Basle (1431-1449), the Reuelaciones were accused of heresy, examined and defended. Among the defenders was Heymericus de Campo (1395-1460), who at that time was professor of theology at the University of Cologne. In addition to the formal examination reports, Heymericus wrote a dialogue on the subject. The Dyalogus, which was probably composed as a contribution to a debate, is tentatively dated to have been written between October 1434 and February 17, 1435. The main part of Dyalogus consists of 123 text passages extracted from the Reuelaciones and accused of heresy, and Heymericus’ defence of these text passages. The aim of the defence is to prove that the Reuelaciones are truly orthodox and thus inspired by God. In addition, Heymericus intends to display the reasons and arguments the impugners had for questioning the Reuelaciones. Dyalogus and the other defences were read and copied foremost within the Birgittine order. The judgement passed at the proceedings called for a commentary before the Reuelaciones could be disseminated to the whole of their extent. To the Birgittines the defences of Basle filled this purpose, at least for some time. The extensive introduction of the thesis deals with the historical context of the text, its use and importance, its place within the author’s literary production, the contents and language of the text, and finally the textual transmission. Vadstena Abbey’s copy of the text is chosen as base manuscript for the edition.

Ce travail se veut d’un rapprochement aux pratiques et savoirs des peuples amazoniens à partir de discours produits par ces nations. Nous y interpréterons des chants sacrés, des narrations ancestrales et des textes académiques de penseurs autochtones. Ce travail indique que les pratiques amazoniennes s’inscrivent dans un contexte de significations qui considèrent que tout être vivant possède des pensées et un esprit; qu’il existe des êtres spirituels qui défendent ces êtres vivants contre les abus possibles. Les êtres humains doivent transcender leur état de conscience, se déplacer vers les mondes invisibles et initier la communication avec ces esprits, pour ainsi maintenir l’équilibre existentiel. Selon les pensées de l’Amazonie, les communautés humaines ne peuvent pas se concevoir comme autosuffisantes; elles doivent plutôt maintenir de constantes relations avec les multiples êtres qui peuplent leur environnement visible et les mondes invisibles. Les trois concepts clés qui permettent de rendre compte des pratiques des peuples amazoniens sont la déprédation, la transformation et l’équilibre. Par déprédation, nous entendons les pratiques amazoniennes qui impliquent une destruction des autres êtres afin de sustenter la vie de la communauté. Selon les pensées de l’Amazonie, cette déprédation devrait être mesurée, dans le but de ne pas tuer plus que nécessaire à la survie. La déprédation est régulée par les êtres spirituels. Les pratiques amazoniennes de transformation sont destinées à la sauvegarde des liens de la communauté, en transfigurant tout ce qui entre ou sort de cette dernière, de manière à ce qu’aucun agent externe ne mette en péril les liens affectifs. Les pratiques de déprédation et de transformation sont complémentaires et elles requièrent toutes les deux de se produire de manière équilibrée, en respectant les savoirs ancestraux et les lois cosmiques établies par les esprits supérieurs. En ce qui a trait à la méthode d’analyse, nous aborderons les discours de l’Amazonie à partir leur propre logique culturelle, sans imposer des méthodologies préétablies, ce qui donne comme résultat un travail académique qui approfondie la production intellectuelle interculturelle, puisque ce sont les voix indigènes qui expriment elles-mêmes leurs conceptions et le sens de leurs pratiques. Dans son ensemble, le travail engage un dialogue critique avec son champ d’étude en discutant ou en approfondissant certaines conceptions forgées par la littérature anthropologique consacrée à l’étude de la région, à partir des savoirs ancestraux amazoniens qui nourrissent les pratiques de ces nations. / This dissertation delves into the knowledge-practices of Amazonian peoples, drawing on discourses produced by members of these nations. It explores sacred songs, stories and academic texts of ancient Indian thinkers. The dissertation signals that Amazonian practices belong to a context of meanings which consider that all living beings have thoughts and spirit; that spiritual beings defend these living beings against possible abuses. Human beings must transcend their state of consciousness, navigate the invisible worlds and establish communication with these spirits to uphold existential balance. According to Amazonian thought, human communities are not self-sufficient and must maintain a constant relationship with the multiplicity of beings that populate the visible environment and invisible worlds. Three key concepts account for the practices of Amazonian peoples: depredation, transformation and balance. Depredation refers to Amazonian practices involving the destruction of other beings in order to sustain the life of the community. According to Amazonian thought, depredation should be measured and only that which is necessary for survival should be killed. Depredation is governed by spiritual beings. Amazonian transformation practices are designed to safeguard community ties, transfiguring all that enters or leaves it, so that no external agent may jeopardize these ties of affection. The practices of depredation and transformation are complementary and both must be carried out in a balanced manner, respecting ancestral knowledge and cosmic laws established by higher spirits. With regard to the method of analysis, the dissertation considers Amazonian discourses from their own cultural logic and does not impose pre-established methodologies on them. Consequently, the present scholarly work makes a profound attempt at achieving an intercultural intellectual production; as it is indigenous voices themselves that express their ideas and the meaning of their practices. Overall, the dissertation enters into a critical dialogue with its field of study, both challenging and broadening certain concepts forged by the anthropological literature dedicated to the region’s study, drawing on the ancient Amazonian knowledge that nurtures the practices of those nations. / El presente trabajo es una aproximación a los saberes-prácticas de las naciones de la Amazonía occidental, a partir de discursos producidos por miembros de esas mismas naciones. Se interpretarán cantos sagrados, narraciones ancestrales y textos académicos de pensadores indígenas. El trabajo señala que las prácticas amazónicas occidentales se enmarcan dentro de un contexto de significaciones que consideran que todo ser vivo tiene pensamientos y espíritu; que existen seres espirituales que defienden a estos seres vivos contra posibles abusos. Los seres humanos deben trascender su estado de conciencia, desplazarse a los mundos invisibles y entablar comunicación con estos espíritus, para de esa manera mantener el equilibrio existencial. Para los pensamientos amazónicos occidentales, las comunidades humanas no pueden pensarse autosuficientes, sino que deben mantener constantes relaciones con la multiplicidad de seres que pueblan su entorno visible y los mundos invisibles. Tres conceptos claves que permiten dar cuenta de las prácticas de los pueblos de la Amazonía occidental son depredación, transformación y equilibrio. Por depredación se entienden las prácticas amazónicas que implican una destrucción de otros seres para sustentar la vida de la comunidad. Según los pensamientos amazónicos occidentales, esta depredación debe ser medida, sin asesinar más de lo necesario para subsistir. La depredación se encuentra regulada por los seres espirituales. Las prácticas amazónicas de transformación están destinadas a salvaguardar los vínculos de la comunidad, transfigurando todo aquello que entra o sale de la misma, de tal manera que ningún agente externo ponga en peligro los vínculos de afecto. Las prácticas de depredación y transformación son complementarias y ambas requieren hacerse de manera equilibrada, respetando los saberes ancestrales y las leyes cósmicas establecidas por los espíritus superiores. En cuanto al método de análisis, se abordan los discursos amazónicos occidentales a partir de sus propias lógicas culturales, sin imponerles metodologías pre-establecidas, lo que da como resultado un trabajo académico que sigue ahondado en el intento de llegar a una producción intelectual intercultural, siendo las voces indígenas mismas las que expresan sus concepciones y los sentidos de sus prácticas. En su conjunto, el trabajo entabla un diálogo crítico con su campo de estudio, discutiendo o ahondando ciertas concepciones forjadas por la literatura antropológica dedicada al estudio de la región, a partir de aquellos saberes ancestrales de la Amazonía occidental que nutren las prácticas de esas naciones.

Text in English / Summary: This work aims at establishing Jung's importance as a Nietzsche commentator. Although Jung's work is generally unacknowledged by the mainstream of Nietzsche scholarship, a number of philosophers have joined him in recognizing the relevance of Iranian religious lore to Nietzsche; the visionary nature of Nietzsche's experiences of Zarathustra; and the link between these experiences and his criticism of ethics. Jung sees Nietzsche as something of a kindred spirit, "and refers to that philosopher again and again throughout his writings. In his seminar on Nietzsche's Also sprach Zarathustra, Jung analyzes that work much as he would a patient's dream. While this approach allows Jung to project his own views onto Nietzsche, it also succeeds in restoring essential aspects of Nietzsche's thought which other, less foolhardy commentators fail to capture. Nietzsche and Jung both speak of going "beyond good and evil" (jenseits von Gut und Bose) as an integral part of their respective conceptions of human fulfillment. The notion that we ought to try to transcend the distinction between good and evil, rather than obstinately cling to the good, potentially constitutes an immense, fundamental challenge to our ordinary beliefs about ethics. At the same time, Jung's elaboration of this into a more general form of nonduality suggests a solution to that most basic problem of ethics--which Nietzsche raised most forcefully--namely that of how ethical standards might be justified without falling prey to such basic obstacles as the "is/ought" problem. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Philosophy)

From studies of Collins and Porras (1995) which show that visionary businesses possess a fundamental central ideology for its perpetuation, the main objective of this work was to analyze the practices of human development and communication of a visionary business, in order to identify cultural elements used to strengthen the central ideology. Thus, the following specific objectives were determined: to examine basic values responsible for the permanent character of the organization in analysis, to verify how values are institutionalized, to investigate the communication system and to analyze the practices of human development of the business. The method adopted was a case study, applied at Expresso Medianeira, a family business, in a collective transport segment, located in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. With the employment of interviews, document analysis and non-participant observation; it was possible to evidence that the cultural elements permeate the day-to-day of the organization. The heroes, rites, rituals, ceremonies and stories are symbolic dimensions which strengthen the values declared by the business and lived by its members. These cultural elements manifest through the practices of communication and human development which are strategically utilized by Expresso Medianeira, such as events, processes of socialization, performance evaluation, and reward and penalty. / A partir dos estudos de Collins e Porras (1995) que mostram que as empresas visionárias possuem uma ideologia central fundamental para sua perpetuação, essa pesquisa buscou analisar as práticas de desenvolvimento humano e de comunicação de uma empresa visionária, a fim de identificar que elementos culturais são utilizados para reforçar sua ideologia central. Para tanto, foram traçados os seguintes objetivos específicos: examinar os valores básicos responsáveis pelo caráter permanente da empresa em análise, verificar como os valores são institucionalizados, investigar o sistema de comunicação e analisar as práticas de desenvolvimento humano adotadas. O método adotado foi o estudo de caso, aplicado na Expresso Medianeira, uma empresa familiar, do ramo de transporte coletivo urbano, localizada em Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. Com o emprego de entrevistas, análise de documentos e observação não participante foi possível constatar que os elementos culturais permeiam o dia-a-dia da organização. Os heróis, ritos, rituais, cerimônias e estórias são dimensões simbólicas que reforçam os valores declarados pela empresa e vivenciados pelos seus membros. Esses elementos culturais se manifestam através das práticas de comunicação e de desenvolvimento humano que são estrategicamente utilizadas pela Expresso Medianeira, como os eventos, os processos de socialização, de avaliação de desempenho e de recompensas e punições.

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<p>Over the course of history, innovation has been the forefront of industrial change. New innovations have continuously surpassed old solutions, which have contributed to the trajectory of mankind. In today’s market IT has an increasingly important role. Innovation within IT is characterised by high degrees of visionary thinking and optimism towards the success of the venture. This has contributed to bubble effects emerging in the economy of a highly speculative nature.</p><p>A central issue lies in the complexity of evaluating innovation and especially more radical and visionary ones. In general terms of evaluation, innovations are evaluated in two main phases: internally and externally. For visionary innovations it is not evident how and on what grounds the innovation should be evaluated both internally in terms of feasibility and externally in terms of market response. In that aspect there is a gap in evaluation and especially <em>how </em>visionary innovation can be evaluated. The aim of the research is to investigate the phenomenon of visionary innovation and contribute with knowledge about the characteristics that influence growth and adoption.</p><p>The research is based upon a two-step qualitative investigation. Firstly the research is imed at constructing a framework for evaluating the innovation and thereafter objectifying the characteristics on case studies within the IT sector.</p><p>The research has found three major areas for evaluation: (1) <em>the eco-system, </em>(2) <em>the  ustomer </em><em>behaviour </em>and (3) <em>the target market</em>. The eco-system is focused towards the ompetitive environment, the technology and the infrastructure. The customer behaviour  ddresses customers’ existing behaviours, their needs and demands and the surplus value  he new offering brings. In terms of the customer behaviour the switching costs and benefits  of other alternatives is also important to consider. Finally, the target market  onsists of the market characteristics, the customer segmentation and the overall  ttractiveness of the market. Based on the characteristics of these factors and the market  nd industry, constraints and drivers can be identified to either support or contradicts the  peed of adoption of new solutions.</p><p>The main findings of the report are that growth is dependent on and influenced by positive and negative drivers. The three elements the drivers are thus connected and correlating, in the sense that the drivers can have different levels of severity. For instance, a negative driver that is negatively correlated with another element has a high level of severity related to growth.</p>

Time of Flight (ToF) technology describes products or systems which measure distance by calculating the distance emitted light travels before bouncing off its surroundings and ending back up at the system. Since the early 2000s, many advancements in the area of ToF systems have been made leading to much use for the ToF variant LiDAR. Alternative technologies are on the rise, one of which is 3D ToF depth sensors. This report explores ToF depth sensor technology within the setting of belt conveyor system (BCS)applications. More specifically, methods for area, volumetric, and velocity approximation are explored and a comparison is also made against LiDAR. The aim of the report is split. One part aims to compare the accuracy of a ToF depth sensor to a 2D LiDAR scanner. The second one is to propose algorithms that, using only a ToF depth sensor, calculate the volume of material transported by a BCS and approximate the velocity at which said material is traveling. Methods for testing include strictly experimental setups in a controlled environment where both technologies were used to collect data on selected scenes. Results indicate that ToF depth sensors can achieve accuracy equivalent to LiDAR sensors. ToF depth sensors can resolve the volume of objects with relatively good results and algorithms that are not computationally complex. By implementing a proposed algorithm, the velocity of material traveling on a BCS was able to be approximated with up to 99% accuracy. However, effects of common sources of error are present in the result and hence have to be considered moving forward. Therefore, this report also highlights future improvements to establish a more robust methodology and reduce errors. The results can be used to improve current BCS, such as increased range of functionality, reduced costs, and raised quality control while also aiding in the enabling of Industry 4.0 implementation.

The aim of this paper is to analyse how the term attractiveness is interpreted in Swedish contemporary urban planning. The focus is to analyse how the term is discursively constructed and by this highlight the conceptions that exist around what makes a city attractive. We want to emphasize the importance of a deeper understanding of how attractiveness is used in urban planning and how the term is a part of the development of our cities. Given the use of attractiveness as a part of visionary goals for Malmö´s and other Swedish cities future development, our intention, therefore, is to enhance the understanding of what the use of attractiveness means in respect of the creation and construction of power relations in time and place. The framework of our analysis is based on the discourse theory approach and used as a way of understanding how urban ideals is discursively constructed. This perspective stresses the production of city and place as a planning process. The meaning of attractive places is historically and contextually dependent and constantly constructed and reconstructed through ideals. We have also used the concept of discourse theory as a tool for analysing our empirical material and to detect which values are combined with the term attractiveness. The study is mostly based on planning-documents and interviews with planners and architects located in the city of Malmö. The paper demonstrates that the term attractiveness is used as a tool for achieving the vision of sustainable development but emphasizes that there is a problem implementing the visionary goal of attractiveness on a practice level. The use of attractiveness within planning practice creates both complications and misunderstandings among planners. The meaning of the concept is presented with both a competitive approach and approaches towards social benefits. Attractiveness tends to contain everything and nothing, which demonstrates the gap between vision and reality in urban planning.