Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Tableau d’honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2013-2014. / Dans les années 1980, l’essayiste québécois André Belleau émet l’hypothèse que l’essai, fruit d’un « artiste de la narrativité des idées », n’est autre chose qu’un « récit idéel » dans lequel le contenu idéel et la tension argumentative se substituent respectivement aux personnages et à l’action d’une œuvre narrative. L’idée que l’essai puisse être rapproché du genre narratif est lancée, mais elle reste peu approfondie. Prenant le relais de la réflexion menée par Belleau, ce mémoire propose d’explorer la dimension narrative de l’essai et du recueil d’essais à partir d’Intérieurs du Nouveau Monde, de Pierre Nepveu, et de El insomnio de Bolívar, de Jorge Volpi. Ces deux recueils ont en commun d’opposer l’expérience personnelle des auteurs à un récit collectif ayant structuré le devenir identitaire américain et latino-américain. Mais, plus que cette commune volonté qu’elles ont de questionner un imaginaire construit de l’Amérique et de l’Amérique latine, les œuvres de Pierre Nepveu et Jorge Volpi partagent une semblable ambition : celle de proposer un récit alternatif, qui prête au recueil une progression linéaire, voire narrative. Deux approches théoriques sont convoquées pour mener à bien l’analyse : la sociocritique, dans un premier temps, et la poétique narrative, dans un deuxième temps.

Orientador: Nelson Alfredo Aguilar / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T15:43:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hoffmann_AnaMariaPimenta_M.pdf: 8036773 bytes, checksum: 6ef556ac298f130c7bd956edaa979b66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 / Resumo: Esta Dissertação focaliza a H Bienal do Museu de Arte Moderna de São Paulo que representa um alto momento da cultura brasileira, onde ao lado de outros eventos comemorativos do IV Centenário da cidade de São Paulo, possibilitou trazer ao público brasileiro e internacional uma ampla e bela exposição, com retrospectivas históricas e a ocorrência de uma acalorada competição para uma distribuição inédita de prêmios, onde destaca-se a divisão do prêmio de Melhor Pintor Nacional. Este estudo destaca o amplo debate sobre arte abstrata ocorrido naquela ocasião. A presença de críticos internacionais de arte no Júri de Premiação, de representantes nacionais neste Júri, bem como de outros atuantes na imprensa possibilitaram o contraponto, dentro de um grupo bem diverso e ativo. Este debate é recuperado neste estudo, através de entrevistas de época, bem como de comentários da imprensa naquele momento. Para contextualizar este debate a nível nacional, são recuperados os antecedentes que engrandeceram o cenário das artes plásticas no Brasil, destacando-se o Salão de Maio organizado por Flávio de Carvalho em 1938, a criação em São Paulo do Museu de Arte de São Paulo (Masp), em 1947, e o Museu de Arte Moderna de São Paulo (MAM-SP) em 1948 e a efervescência dos debates sobre a evolução da arte no pais associados a estes eventos / Abstract: The 2nd Biennial at the Museu de Arte Moderna in São Paulo represents a very bright moment for Brazilian culture. At the occasion, several other events celebrated the 4th Centennial of the city of São Paulo. The 2nd Biennial presented a very fine collection, with several retrospective exhibitions and a much disputed contest for a series of new awards, being Best National Painter" the most remarkable. The 2nd Biennial had several important antecedents, events that richly improved the arts scene in Brazil. Among them, the 'Salão de Maio1, organized in 1938 by Flávio de Carvalho, and the foundation of both Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP) in 1947 and the Museu de Arte Moderna de São Paulo (MAM-SP), in 1948. Several international art critics, important Brazilian critics and writers with strong presence in the newspapers composed the Award Jury. Thus, the jury was a very distinct and diversified group, which generated considerable impact on the press coverage. The critical debate ensued by the 2nd Biennial is therefore an important aspect of the present study / Mestrado / Mestre em História

This thesis identifies continuities and disruptions within the tradition of literary allegory in Latin America and critically revisits the category of “national allegory” (Jameson 1986) in order to articulate an interpretative model suited to contemporary “transnational allegorical fiction”. Based on the analysis of seven Mexican novels that register the transition of neoliberalism from the political-economic order to a form of biopolitical control (Althusser, Foucault, Žižek), I identify the emergence of what I call a “transnational affective field”: a symbolic horizon, alternative to the nation, where the prospective function of foundational romances (Sommer) and the retrospective function of mourning akin to postdictatorial fiction (Avelar), converge. This ideological device negotiates power relations, facilitates the transfer of local/global meaning, promotes intercultural empathy and compromise, and denounces mechanisms of exclusion; thereby, reconfiguring the affective and political functions of allegory in Latin American fiction. Part One discusses critical approaches to allegorical fiction in both Latin American and World literatures. Part Two compares the representation of the binomial nation/world in three historiographic metafictions by Carmen Boullosa, Francisco Rebolledo and J.E. Pacheco through recent approaches in post-/de-colonial and memory studies. Part Three examines the depiction of the nation as simulacrum and the figuration of postmodern subjectivities in Jorge Volpi and Juan Villoro from a poststructuralist perspective. It also contends that Álvaro Enrigue’s and Valeria Luiselli’s novels are representative of an emergent meta-allegorical imagination that, in an ironic reversal of allegory (de Man), simultaneously constructs it as a mechanism of ideological control as well as a conscious strategy to resist commodification and symbolic violence (Bourdieu) in the contemporary world. The analysis demonstrates the vitality of Mexican transnational allegorical fiction as a socio-political and affective counter-hegemonic discourse that also functions as an effective strategy of recognition in the international literary field.

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This dissertation asserts that the tortuous relationship Spanish American literature had with cosmopolitanism since the Wars of Independence reached a turning point towards the end of the second half of the twentieth century. While the literary production of the nineteenth and most of the twentieth century was centred on the Spanish American nation and the continent, contemporary literature has become increasingly deterritorialized, and has begun to present narrative worlds and discuss issues that transcend this circumscribed universe. The discerning of this articulation of global issues in contemporary literature – which I contend is predicated on the concept of cosmopolitanism – is the primary objective of this investigation. The five novels examined here are Elena Poniatowska’s La “Flor de Lis” (1988), Mario Vargas Llosa’s El Paraíso en la otra esquina (2003) and El sueño del celta (2010), and Jorge Volpi’s El fin de la locura (2003) and No será la Tierra (2006). This study aims to describe and assess an evolving perspective on the treatment of cosmopolitanism in Spanish America. I trace the shift from the previous generations’ main preoccupation with aesthetic cosmopolitanism, which sought to engage Latin American literary discourse with the Western canon, to what I identify as the current political implication of the concept. To this end, I show that whereas mid-twentieth century authors displaced cosmopolitanism in favour of more politically expedient concepts, authors now plot it in their novels as a means of discussing issues of identity and citizenship in an increasingly globalized world.