Avec l'instauration, en 2002 en France, de l'Allocation Personnalisée à l'Autonomie (APA), et en 2008 en Corée, du dispositif Long Term Care (LTC), la prise en charge de la dépendance de la population âgée s'affirme comme un enjeu majeur de la politique sociale contemporaine de ces deux pays confrontés au phénomène du vieillissement démographique. En dépit de contextes démographiques, historiques, culturels, politiques, économiques et sociaux contrastés, ces deux pays ont en commun de mettre en place, pour faire face aux besoins des personnes âgées, des dispositifs dont les logiques d'action paraissent proches ou sensiblement similaires. En adoptant une optique comparative entre la France et la Corée, cette thèse cherche à mettre en regard le travail des professionnels socio-gérontologiques chargés de la mise en œuvre de ces dispositifs en faveur de la population âgée dite dépendante à domicile. Pour cela les procédures mises en place dans le cadre de l'APA en France et du LTC en Corée et la manière dont l'accompagnement socio-médical des personnes âgées dépendantes à domicile s'y organise ont été étudiées. Tant en France qu'en Corée, les professionnels qui interviennent pour assurer le maintien à domicile des personnes âgées dépendantes sont multiples ; les uns travaillent en "première ligne" (aides à domicile, auxiliaires de vie, aides soignants, infirmiers) et les autres, chargés de la coordination et de l'encadrement des précédents, en "seconde ligne". Elle traite également de la nécessaire - et difficile - coordination entre ces professionnels et des logiques, parfois divergentes et conflictuelles, qui sous-tendent leurs actions dans des réalités organisationnelles complexes. L'observation a été effectuée sur un territoire circonscrit dans chacun des deux pays : Lille-Hellemmes pour la France et Cheongju-Cheongwon pour la Corée. / With the establishment of the Individual Public Allowance for Autonomy (APA) in France in 2002 and the Long Term Care (LTC) insurance in Korea in 2008, the management and the support for the dependence of the elderly population became a major issue of contemporary social policy in these two nations faced with the phenomenon of aging. Despite demographic, historical, cultural, political, economical and social contrasting contexts, they have installed devices in common with modes that appear close or substantially similar to cope with the increasing needs of the elderly. By adopting a comparative approach between France and Korea, this thesis sought to analyze the work of social gerontological professionals in charge of these devices for the elderly dependent who stay at home. For this, the application procedure of the APA in France and the LTC in Korea and the organization of the socio-medical asistance for the dependent elderly at home were studied. In both France and Korea, the professionals who are involved with the home care services are multiple. Some are working in the "front line" (home helpers, care assistance, home nurses) and others are occupied with the coordination, the supervision/organization of the foregoing (front line workers) in the "second line". This research focuses on the impact of devices which are placed on the work of professionals, especially those who are concerned with various tasks in the second line and their necessary - and difficul t- coordination. How the different policies and the strategic relationship between these various participating professionals sometimes diverge and how the conflicts intrinsic to their actions and practice within complex organizational realities are settled were investigated and explored. The observation was carried out in one area within each country : Hellemmes-Lille in France and Cheongju-Cheongwon in Korea.

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of unemployment on the mental well-being of the South African working age population. The implication of exploring this relationship is to indicate the importance of good mental health among persons who are not employed. The present study also aimed atinvestigating the role that government can play in mitigating the impact of unemployment on mental health. This part of the research assessed the effectiveness of government’s social security system. The current study employs a mixed research design whereby both quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis are used. The relationship between unemployment, mental well-being and government intervention is investigated using a cohort group in which the mental health of persons not employed, aged between 15 and 64 years, are followed over the period, 2004 to 2008. The results are presented using two types of data. First, secondary data from Statistics South Africa’s General Household Survey (GHS) were used to measure the impact of unemployment on mental health and to ascertain the impact of government social assistance on affected individuals’ mental well-being. Secondly, in order to explore individual perceptions around government intervention, the research employed a qualitative phenomenological design. This involved conducting semi-structured personal interviews with four unemployed women residing in Gauteng. The results showed that incidences of self-reported mental health illnesses were most likely to be found among individuals who were not employed as compared to those that were employed. This finding proved to be consistent using both descriptive and multivariate statistics which included predictive models. In terms of government intervention, positive mental well-being was shown to be positively related to access of social welfare services (in the form of social grants). This finding was true for all the years of reporting (i.e., 2004 to 2008). In conclusion, although unemployment was found to have a negative impact of mental well-being, government intervention was shown to positively mitigate this impact, thereby giving hope to an otherwise hopeless situation. Unemployment and its impact on mental well-beingalso proved to be a complex subject, requiring multidisciplinary intervening strategies to solving it. / Psychology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

The original intention was a development on the edge in the peripheral agricultural area of the Kociánka Center complex and at the city’s inappropriate car park near to the industrial complex of the former Královopolská engineering company. By developing and adding new functions, this periphery and the border of the complex Kociánka Center can be transformed into a new space communicating with the outside world. The proposal focuses on creating homes for shared living for adult people with various types of disabilities and creating new job opportunities on the southern peripheral edge of the Kociánka Center complex. Transformation of periphery can be reached by modifying the southern edge, revitalizing the existing car park with a hydroponic greenhouse system, pavilion, and a photovoltaic rooftop power plant. Behind this barrier building there is a calm place for sheltered housing.

This is a qualitative study based on interviews with unit managers working by the entitlement law LSS, Act concerning Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments. The purpose of this study is to get an understanding of how unit managers in the LSS area perceive, work with and have experience of user influence in their organizations. The implementation of previous research makes an easier understanding of what the professional role means for both the organization and the user of welfare services. The main result of the study shows that the unit managers have a significant role for the user influence and that user influence needs further development in their organizations. Unit managers work to equalize social differences and compensate for the user's care needs. User influence is therefore needed for users to be able to become as independent as possible.  The unit manager works according to organizational conditions and creates strategies while using their professional discretion. Which promotes participation and self-determination for the user and their way of life. The result fills a knowledge gap regarding the unit manager's professional role and work for and with user influence in practice within the law of LSS. The study's theoretical approach is based on the theories of human-treating organizations, social citizenship and a model that explains society views different levels of disability and the user's personal autonomy.

Text in English with abstracts in English and Sesotho / Chemical substance abuse remains a major global health and social problem in a South African context. Social workers are one of the professionals who provide social welfare services to adolescents abusing chemical substances. However, social workers are not prepared enough in terms of training and workshops to provide drug dependency treatment to adolescents abusing chemical substances. This study therefore contributes to an emerging body of literature on chemical substance abuse, as there is a lack of information within the Department of Social Development in Lepelle Nkumpi Municipality of Limpopo concerning social workers’ preparedness, experiences and challenges in rendering services to adolescents abusing chemical substances. Furthermore, the study will generate new information that will assist the Department of Social Development to make necessary changes to social welfare services rendered to adolescents abusing chemical substances, and consideration will be given when drafting a framework for treating chemical substance abuse. A qualitative approach was adopted to explore, describe and contextualise social workers’ preparedness, experiences and challenges experienced during their work. Participants were selected using a non-probability technique of purposive sampling. As a data collection method, in-depth, one on one semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven social workers working with adolescents abusing chemical substances. Data was analysed using Tesch’s eight steps and verified using Guba and Lincoln’s model to test the trustworthiness of the data. Ethical considerations adhered to throughout this study were informed consent, right to privacy, avoidance of deception, debriefing of participants and management of information. Findings of the study confirmed that there are no clear guidelines in rendering social welfare services to adolescents abusing chemical substances by social workers. The study further revealed that social workers’ training is generic in nature, therefore they are not well trained to render services to adolescents abusing chemical substances. They therefore lack resources and support to adequately execute social welfare services to adolescents abusing chemical substances. Lack of services for adolescents was also identified as a burning issue. Furthermore, treatment and prevention of chemical substance abuse is overlooked. Based on the research findings, recommendations pertaining to social work practice, social work training and education, social welfare policy, and further research were put forward. / Tshomisho ya diokobatsi e dula e le taba e kgolo ya hloba boroko ka ga lefapa la maphelo le tsa setshaba le lefase ka bophara ga mmogo le Africa Borwa. Badirela-leago ke ba bangwe ba ditsibe bao ba fanago ka ditirelo go baswa bao ba shomishago diokobatsi. Badirela-leago ga se ba lokishetswe go lekanenego ge go etla go ditaba tsa dithuto le tsebo go baswa bao ba shomishago diokobatsi. Thuto ye e tlaleletsa go hlahlo ya tshedimusho yeo elego gona ka diokobatsi, ka ge go hloka tsebo e feleletsego go lekolla gore badirela-leago ba e tukisheditse go tsona,le tseo ba hlakanego le tsona le mathata ao ba gahlanago le ona ge ba shomishana le baswa bao ba shomishago diokobatsi, ka lefapa la kgoro ya badirela-leago ya Masepala wa Lepelle-Nkumpi Limpopo. Go isha pele, thuto ye e tlo utulla tshedimusho e mpsha yeo e tlo thushango ba lefapa la kgoro ya badirelaleago go dira di phetogo tse bohlokwa tsa go amana le ditirelo tsa baswa bao ba shomishago diokobatsi. Tsebo e tletsego e shomishetswe go hlahloba, go hlalosa le go latela maemo a badirela leago ka maikemishetso, tsebo yeo banago le yona le mathata ao ba hlakanago le ona ge ba efa ditirelo go baswa bao ba shomishago diokobatsi. Ba tsea karolo mo thutong ye ba kgethilwe ka go shomisha mokgwa wo osa tsebiwego gore go tlo kgethwa bomang, gola gona le morero wa gore go tlo kgethiwa bjang. Tsenelelo ya poledishano gare ga ba tsea karolo ka o tee ka o tee le Monyakishishi, e swerwe bjalo ka mokgwa wa go kgobokantsha tshedimusho le ba direla-leago ba shupa, bao ba filwego ditirelo go baswa ba go shomisha diokobatsi. Go sekwasekwa ga ditshedimusho gotswa go ba tsea karolo go shomishitswe go tswa go Tesch’s dikgato tse seswai (Creswell, 2009:186) tsaba tsa netefatswa gotswa go tshomisho ya Guba and Lincoln’s model (1991:215-222). Melao ya Boitswaro e naganetswe ka mo thutong ye ka go latelela tumelelo ya tsebo, ditokelo tsa sephiri, go efoga go foraforetswa ka maaka, le go fana ka dikeletso le tsamaisho ya ditshedimusho gotswa go ba tsea karolo. / Social Work / M.A.(S.S.) (Social Work)