Esta dissertação tem um caráter profundamente exploratório, buscando estabelecer hipóteses consistentes sobre o processo de transferência do desenvolvimento de alguns produtos da montadora para seus fornecedores, avaliando o aproveitamento e o aprimoramento das capacidades da engenharia nacional, assim como fatores que facilitam ou dificultam este movimento. Compõe-se de duas partes interligadas e complementares: uma revisão teórica e um estudo de campo. Para estabelecer a base teórica da investigação, foram levantados diversos estudos, em particular sobre montadoras e sobre fornecedores, sendo a seguir definido o problema a ser estudado. Considerando a complexidade do problema da pesquisa, situado em um universo dinâmico, com entrelaçamentos que dificultam identificar o foco de forma isolada, foram definidas as hipóteses preliminares, definindo-se também a adequação da utilização de dois procedimentos empíricos principais. Um procedimento foi o levantamento de fontes documentais do setor, trabalhando com dados qualitativos e quantitativos, inclusive estatísticos. O outro procedimento foi o estudo de múltiplos casos; foram estudados os casos de duas sistemistas, sendo um referente aos sistemas de distribuição eletro-eletrônicos (\"chicotes\") e outro ao painel completo de veículos, sendo que ambos se desdobram, internamente, em subcasos. Apresenta-se como vem ocorrendo o desenvolvimento de produtos na indústria automotiva, suas fases e desafios. São abordadas algumas práticas de desenvolvimento de produtos mundiais e o papel dos fornecedores. É tratado o desenvolvimento de produtos na indústria automotiva brasileira, buscando compreender o do papel da engenharia dos fornecedores com presença local e suas relações, sempre que possível apresentando paralelos com a indústria global e suas dinâmicas de desenvolvimento. Os estudos de caso são utilizados para analisar algumas áreas em que os fornecedores locais têm competências e autonomia, do ponto de vista técnico, para proceder no desenvolvimento de novos produtos para as montadoras, tanto no Brasil como no exterior. São exploradas as relações entre as empresas, qual a participação da montadora, e quais razões têm favorecido, ou não, o papel local dos fornecedores. É apresentada também uma análise de diferenças e similaridades entre os casos. Os resultados levaram à reelaboração das hipóteses preliminares de forma mais consistente, e sinalizaram que, embora a utilização da engenharia nacional dos fornecedores venha aumentando, poderia ser melhor utilizada, dando ao Brasil um papel mais relevante frente a países de engenharia emergente. Contudo, os casos apontam que, ao contrário, essa competência da engenharia local tem sido utilizada fora do país, mas apenas pela presença de engenheiros brasileiros individualmente, levando seu potencial para desenvolver a engenharia de outros centros estrangeiros. / This master thesis is profoundly exploratory, in search of establishing consistent hypotheses on the transference of the product development process of some products from the OEMs to their suppliers, evaluating the good use and improvement of national engineering competencies, as well as factors which facilitate or difficult such a movement. It is composed by two interconnected and complementary parts: a theoretical revision and a field study. Aiming at to establish the theoretical basis to the investigation, a variety of studies has been gathered and studied, particularly those related to OEMs and suppliers, making then possible to define the problem to be studied. Considering the complexity of the problem, posed in a dynamic universe, presenting interconnections which difficult to isolate the focus of the research, preliminary hypotheses were proposed, also defining the use of two main empirical proceedings. One is the search for documental sources attached to the automotive sector, working with qualitative and quantitative data, including statistical information. The other is multiple-case studies, taking the cases of two systems suppliers, one related to the electricalelectronic distribution systems (wiring harness) and the other to vehicles cockpit panel; both of them are multiplied in sub-cases. It is presented how the product development in the automotive sector has been occurring, its phases and challenges. Some of the practices in the development of world products and the role of suppliers are also approached. The product development in the Brazilian automotive sector was also approached, aiming at bringing some contribution to the understanding of the role of the suppliers engineering that has local presence and their relations, also presenting possible parallels to the global industry and its dynamics of development. The case studies were directed to analyze some areas in which the local suppliers have competencies and autonomy, in technical terms, to proceed in developing new products to the OEMs, in Brazil and abroad. Then this study seeks to explore the relations among companies, what is the participation of the OEMs, and what reasons have favored, or not, the local role of the suppliers. An analysis of differences and similarities between the cases is presented as well. The results guided to the reelaboration of the preliminary hypotheses into more consistent ones. They also pointed out that, although the good use of national engineering has been improving, it might be better used in the development of products, promoting a better role for Brazil in face of countries with emergent engineering. However, the cases point out to the fact that the national engineering competencies have been more used by means of the presence of Brazilian engineers just alone as individuals, taking their potential to develop the engineering of other foreigner centers.

Esta dissertação tem um caráter profundamente exploratório, buscando estabelecer hipóteses consistentes sobre o processo de transferência do desenvolvimento de alguns produtos da montadora para seus fornecedores, avaliando o aproveitamento e o aprimoramento das capacidades da engenharia nacional, assim como fatores que facilitam ou dificultam este movimento. Compõe-se de duas partes interligadas e complementares: uma revisão teórica e um estudo de campo. Para estabelecer a base teórica da investigação, foram levantados diversos estudos, em particular sobre montadoras e sobre fornecedores, sendo a seguir definido o problema a ser estudado. Considerando a complexidade do problema da pesquisa, situado em um universo dinâmico, com entrelaçamentos que dificultam identificar o foco de forma isolada, foram definidas as hipóteses preliminares, definindo-se também a adequação da utilização de dois procedimentos empíricos principais. Um procedimento foi o levantamento de fontes documentais do setor, trabalhando com dados qualitativos e quantitativos, inclusive estatísticos. O outro procedimento foi o estudo de múltiplos casos; foram estudados os casos de duas sistemistas, sendo um referente aos sistemas de distribuição eletro-eletrônicos (\"chicotes\") e outro ao painel completo de veículos, sendo que ambos se desdobram, internamente, em subcasos. Apresenta-se como vem ocorrendo o desenvolvimento de produtos na indústria automotiva, suas fases e desafios. São abordadas algumas práticas de desenvolvimento de produtos mundiais e o papel dos fornecedores. É tratado o desenvolvimento de produtos na indústria automotiva brasileira, buscando compreender o do papel da engenharia dos fornecedores com presença local e suas relações, sempre que possível apresentando paralelos com a indústria global e suas dinâmicas de desenvolvimento. Os estudos de caso são utilizados para analisar algumas áreas em que os fornecedores locais têm competências e autonomia, do ponto de vista técnico, para proceder no desenvolvimento de novos produtos para as montadoras, tanto no Brasil como no exterior. São exploradas as relações entre as empresas, qual a participação da montadora, e quais razões têm favorecido, ou não, o papel local dos fornecedores. É apresentada também uma análise de diferenças e similaridades entre os casos. Os resultados levaram à reelaboração das hipóteses preliminares de forma mais consistente, e sinalizaram que, embora a utilização da engenharia nacional dos fornecedores venha aumentando, poderia ser melhor utilizada, dando ao Brasil um papel mais relevante frente a países de engenharia emergente. Contudo, os casos apontam que, ao contrário, essa competência da engenharia local tem sido utilizada fora do país, mas apenas pela presença de engenheiros brasileiros individualmente, levando seu potencial para desenvolver a engenharia de outros centros estrangeiros. / This master thesis is profoundly exploratory, in search of establishing consistent hypotheses on the transference of the product development process of some products from the OEMs to their suppliers, evaluating the good use and improvement of national engineering competencies, as well as factors which facilitate or difficult such a movement. It is composed by two interconnected and complementary parts: a theoretical revision and a field study. Aiming at to establish the theoretical basis to the investigation, a variety of studies has been gathered and studied, particularly those related to OEMs and suppliers, making then possible to define the problem to be studied. Considering the complexity of the problem, posed in a dynamic universe, presenting interconnections which difficult to isolate the focus of the research, preliminary hypotheses were proposed, also defining the use of two main empirical proceedings. One is the search for documental sources attached to the automotive sector, working with qualitative and quantitative data, including statistical information. The other is multiple-case studies, taking the cases of two systems suppliers, one related to the electricalelectronic distribution systems (wiring harness) and the other to vehicles cockpit panel; both of them are multiplied in sub-cases. It is presented how the product development in the automotive sector has been occurring, its phases and challenges. Some of the practices in the development of world products and the role of suppliers are also approached. The product development in the Brazilian automotive sector was also approached, aiming at bringing some contribution to the understanding of the role of the suppliers engineering that has local presence and their relations, also presenting possible parallels to the global industry and its dynamics of development. The case studies were directed to analyze some areas in which the local suppliers have competencies and autonomy, in technical terms, to proceed in developing new products to the OEMs, in Brazil and abroad. Then this study seeks to explore the relations among companies, what is the participation of the OEMs, and what reasons have favored, or not, the local role of the suppliers. An analysis of differences and similarities between the cases is presented as well. The results guided to the reelaboration of the preliminary hypotheses into more consistent ones. They also pointed out that, although the good use of national engineering has been improving, it might be better used in the development of products, promoting a better role for Brazil in face of countries with emergent engineering. However, the cases point out to the fact that the national engineering competencies have been more used by means of the presence of Brazilian engineers just alone as individuals, taking their potential to develop the engineering of other foreigner centers.

This master´s thesis applies to design of power and data wiring controlle by an intelligent wiring. The aim is to get to know the issue and design a project for family house that includes fhotovoltaic power station. In the introduction is a description of the inteligent wirings, its potential, topology, advantages or disadvantages towards standard electroinstallations,it also presents an overview of widely used intelligent wiring, especially Foxtrot. What follows is the subject itself for what is the project designated for. The next topic will be a presentation of complete electroinstallation and photovoltaic power station. It all ends with an economic evaluation of the whole project.

The thesis deals with an intelligent wiring including a control and visualization design for a family house. The goal of the thesis is to create a project of a high and a low voltage wiring for a family house including a design of an intelligent wiring. The thesis introduction describes an intelligent wiring and a comparison with a classic wiring. The next two chapters deal with the most used systems and a detailed description of the selected system Foxtrot. The chapter number 5 addresses the project documentation creation for a high and a low voltage wiring. A performance calculation of a heat pump used for heating is described in the following chapter. The functional program for control and visualization of heating, lighting, shading and security is described at the end of the thesis.

This master's thesis is focused on design of smart home control system with focus onsecurity of system in terms of information, network and physical security. Design is based on the requirements of the house owner and his needs. In thesis is assembled risk analysis with security measures to the individual threats. Complete design of cable system is not a part of this work, thesis is particularly focused on questions about security of the entire intelligent system.

The aim of this thesis is a modification of the distribution network (DS) of the city of Brno to ensure power supply in the required quantity and quality for end consumers. Calculation of steady - state operation of distribution network (DS) of Brno is performed in the programme PAS DAISY Off-Line v.4.00 Bison. On the basis of available data (dispatching scheme, load current of stem lines and reserved power of wholesale customers) we will analyze the steady-state of network. We will find out which of the 110/22 kV transformer stations, cable and overhead lines are overloaded and perform network adjustments to ensure safe and reliable operation by 2015. We will identify in which year we will need to build a new power node in the northern part of Brno. The conclusion is focused on technical and economic evaluation of proposed alternative network arrangements.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to make a methodical manual for planner of system wiring in smart/intelligent houses. Introductory part of the thesis lays stress on requirement of systems integration in an intelligent building with necessity of their mutual cooperation and communication. The base of the integration is appropriately chosen building control system including used technologies. The next chapter acquaints with requirements of legal regulations and valid technical standards relating to buildings. After that the thesis deals with technical equipment and building equipment with presentation of some intelligent systems. The fourth chapter acquaints with wires bus systems and protocols used in smart buildings. Planner´s working procedures with indication of each phase of project, regulations and standards important for system wiring design are developed in detail including chosen control system. Lightning and overvoltage protection is the integral part.

This master thesis describes the design of increasing the efficiency of production lines with solder robots. In beginning of this work is a description of product and current process. There are also variants of design solutions for soldering palettes and the best on is chosen. The last part of this work includes design automation soldering process.

Les câbles électriques sont partout dans de nombreux domaines où le transfert d'énergie et de l'information est nécessaire pour garantir une bonne performance d'un système. Un jour ou l'autre, un câble dans un réseau va montrer des signes de faiblesse qui conduit à l'apparition de défauts soit francs ou non francs. Malgré le fait que plusieurs méthodes de diagnostic de fil électriques et non-électriques ont été étudiés et mis au point au cours des dernières décennies, les techniques basées réflectométrie ont fourni des résultats efficaces avec des défauts difficiles, mais ont montré moins fiables à chaque fois que des erreurs légères sont traitées.Basé sur un concept radicalement différent, la méthode DORT, développé à l'origine en acoustique a récemment été transposée à la propagation à ondes guidées, par exemple, les réseaux de fils, et montré pour détecter avec précision et localiser les défauts mous simples même dans les configurations de réseau complexes. D'autre part, plusieurs défauts ne peuvent être résolus séparément. Désormais une formulation alternative du DORT basée sur un système de mise à jour est proposée. Notamment, cette nouvelle approche, appelée EDORT, a permis de localiser plusieurs défauts non francs dans différents réseaux de câblage et a permis l'extraction de l'intensité de chaque défaut uniquement. D'autre part, ces méthodes dans le domaine temporel comptent sur la disponibilité de potentiellement importantes largeurs de bande, afin de créer les conditions pour la résolution spatiale. Retournement temporel (TR) classement de signaux multiples, également connu sous le TR-MUSIC, assurée sous-longueur d'onde résolution spatiale des emplacements des défauts tout en travaillant sur une base mono-fréquence. TR-MUSIC a montré une bonne performance dans la localisation unique, ainsi que de multiples défauts non francs dans différentes configurations de réseau. Il a également montré pour permettre la récupération du coefficient de réflexion de chaque défaut séparément. / Electrical cables are everywhere in many fields where the transfer of energy and information is necessary to guarantee a good performance of a system. One day or another, a cable in a network will show signs of weakness leading to the appearance of either hard or soft faults. Despite the fact that several electric and non-electric wire diagnosis methods have been studied and developed throughout the last few decades, reflectometrybased techniques have been providing effective results with hard faults, but have shown to be less reliable whenever soft faults are addressed. Based on a radically different concept, the DORT method, originally developed in acoustics was recently transposed to guided-wave propagation, e.g., wire networks, and shown to precisely detect and locate single soft faults even within complex network configurations. On the other hand, multiple faults cannot be resolved separately. Henceforth an alternative formulation of the DORT based on an updating scheme is proposed. Notably, this novel approach, referred to as EDORT, allowed locating multiple soft faults in different wiring networks and enabled extracting the intensity of each fault solely. On the other hand, such time domain methods rely on the availability of potentially large bandwidths, in order to create the conditions for spatial resolution. Time-reversal (TR) multiple signal classification, also known as TR-MUSIC, ensured sub-wavelength spatial resolution of the faults’ locations while working on a single-frequency basis. TR-MUSIC has shown a good performance in locating single as well as multiple soft faults in different network configurations. It has also shown to allow retrieving the reflection coefficient of each fault separately.

No / Physiological studies of colour vision have not yet resolved the controversial issue of how chromatic opponency is constructed at a neuronal level. Two competing theories, the cone-selective hypothesis and the random-wiring hypothesis, are currently equivocal to the architecture of the primate retina. In central vision, both schemes are capable of producing colour opponency due to the fact that receptive field centres receive input from a single bipolar cell ¿ the so called `private line arrangement¿. However, in peripheral vision this single-cone input to the receptive field centre is lost, so that any random cone connectivity would result in a predictable reduction in the quality of colour vision. Behavioural studies thus far have indeed suggested a selective loss of chromatic sensitivity in peripheral vision. We investigated chromatic sensitivity as a function of eccentricity for the cardinal chromatic (L/M and S/(L + M)) and achromatic (L + M) pathways, adopting stimulus size as the critical variable. Results show that performance can be equated across the visual field simply by a change of scale (size). In other words, there exists no qualitative loss of chromatic sensitivity across the visual field. Critically, however, the quantitative nature of size dependency for each of the cardinal chromatic and achromatic mechanisms is very specific, reinforcing their independence in terms of anatomy and genetics. Our data provide clear evidence for a physiological model of primate colour vision that retains chromatic quality in peripheral vision, thus supporting the cone-selective hypothesis.