Education is recognised worldwide as one of the most stressful work environments. Contributing factors include poor remuneration, workload. poor administrative support. Poor relationships with colleagues and superiors. a lack of respect for the profession and few career advancement opportunities. The result is that a high number of educators experience negative physical and psychological symptoms. Evidence from research suggests that the level of burnout among educators is increasing. that educators are experiencing lower levels of job satisfaction. That there is an increase in the levels of absenteeism and alcohol abuse of educators. Retention problems arise as more educators are leaving the profession at an earlier stage. that the relationship between the educator and learner are becoming more destructive and that the quality of our education is consequently on the decrease. The objective of this research is to determine the relationship between job insecurity. Job satisfaction, social support and general health of educators in the Sedibeng West Municipal District as well as to establish whether social support has a moderating effect on the relation between job insecurity and job satisfaction. The research method consists of a literature review and an empirical study. A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect the data. A random sample (n 312) was taken from educators in the Sedibeng West Municipal District. The Job Insecurity Questionnaire (J IQ) of De Witte. The Revised Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (JSQ) by Weiss ct al... the Social Support Scale of Caplan and Goldberg and Hillier"s General Health Questionnaire (GI IQ) were used as measuring instruments. The statistical analysis was carried out with the SPSS-programme. The statistical methods utilised in the article consisted of descriptive statistics, Cronbach alpha coefficients. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients and multiple regression analyses were used to analyse the data. The results obtained for the four scales proved the measuring instruments to be reliable. The analysis of Pearson product-moment correlations in this study showed that Job Insecurity is negatively related to intrinsic, Extrinsic and Total Job Satisfaction as well as positively related to higher levels of Somatic, Anxiety and Insomnia, Social Dysfunctional and Depression related General Health, but all with a small effect. Intrinsic, Extrinsic and Total Job satisfaction however had a clear positive relation to Social Support received from a Supervisor and Extrinsic Job Satisfaction also correlated positively with Social Support received from Colleagues. The four General Health scales in turn had only small negative relations with Total Job Satisfaction. A regression analysis with Job Satisfaction as dependent variable le indicated that none of the Social Support constructs had a moderating influence on the negative effect that Job insecurity has on a person's experience of their job. Recommendations are made for the educators' profession and for future research purposes. / Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2010.

The reduction of workplace accidents and improvement of workplace safety is a concern for most mining houses. Pressure from the labour movement and legislative requirements do not make the burden any lighter. There are circumstances directly and indirectly relating to accidents and therefore a need to obtain an in-depth analysis of underlying causes of accidents in order to draw relevant conclusions exists. There are workplace environmental matters as well as individual attitudinal issues that need to be addressed. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship of work stress and job insecurity with safety compliance, job satisfaction and commitment in a mine. A cross-sectional survey design was used with an availability sample (n=158). A survey booklet including a biographical questionnaire, scales on job insecurity, job satisfaction, affective organisational commitment, workplace accidents and safety compliance as well as a work stress measure comprising dimensions of role clarity, conflict and overload was administered. The results indicated that when miners experience work stress and job insecurity, their safety compliance is low. Job satisfaction was found to be a positive predictor of safety compliance among miners. / Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Columbia International University, 2007. / Typescript. "April, 2007." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 332-341).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Columbia International University, 2007. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 332-341).

Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Ashland Theological Seminary, Ohio, 2003. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 175-179).

This thesis consists of three essays on the economics of sleep time and work stress. The first essay, “the impact of economic factors on sleep: the role of insomnia”, discusses the role played by insomnia on the link between economic variables and sleep time. Insomnia is a common phenomenon experienced by many Canadians. This paper uses the Canadian General Social Survey (GSS) 2005 to investigate the effect of economic factors on the sleep time of the labour force. It replicates previous work by Biddle and Hamermesh (1990) and then extends this work to look at the role played by insomnia on the link between economic variables and sleep time. The paper concludes that the presence of sleep problems can significantly change the impact of economic determinants such as wage and education on sleep time. This paper finds that a 10 percent increase in the wage rate decreases sleep time by almost 20 minutes per week for non-insomniacs while an increase in the wage rate does not have any impact on sleep time for insomniacs. In fact, the link between wage and sleep time appears to be broken for insomniacs as they do not want to, or cannot, sacrifice their sleep time in order to have more money in their pockets. The second essay, “sleep time and wages: the role of chronic diseases and work environment”, examines the role played by chronic diseases and work environment on the link between economic variables and sleep time. This paper, which expands on the work of the first essay, uses the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2001 to investigate the roles of insomnia, chronic diseases and stressful work environments on the link between the wage rate and sleep time. Whereas Biddle and Hamermesh (1990) report that individuals sleep 14 minutes less per week as a result of a 10% increase in the wage rate, I find that this number increases to 30 minutes for individuals without sleep problems while it is zero for insomniacs. Moreover, the impact of wages on sleep time is even more pronounced – more than 60 minutes per week - once account is taken of health conditions and of the work environment. Interestingly, these health and environmental effects are in addition to their impact on insomnia: in other words, individuals with chronic health problems who are not insomniacs do not respond to an increase in the wage rate by reducing their sleep time. This means that the actual impact of wages on sleep time for those who do not suffer from these conditions is much more important than originally reported by Biddle and Hamermesh (1990). The third essay, “are Québecers more stressed out at work than others? An investigation into the differences between Québec and the Rest of Canada in the level of work stress” discusses the level of stress experienced by workers in Canada. Work stress has a large socio-economic impact: it affects worker absenteeism, productivity, and family life. Psychological health problems including stress at workplace are an important issue in Canada. Using nine cycles spanning twelve years of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), I find that the level of work stress in Québec is much higher than in any other province. In Québec, 40% of the population report having quite a bit or extremely stressful jobs. In the other provinces, this number is much smaller, in the order of 30% in Ontario, Alberta, Manitoba and British Columbia, and even lower in the Atlantic Provinces. I find that Québec still has a higher level of reported work stress even after controlling for the main determinants of work stress: income, education, health, age, gender, marital status, children and work environment. Unionization rate and unemployment rate in the province do not seem to matter. However, I find that immigrants in Québec have less work stress than native-born Francophones. Also, Francophones in Québec and elsewhere have higher levels of work stress than Anglophones and Allophones. A body of literature has examined the subject of work stress, and while it has been noted by a few authors (Bordeleau and Traoré, 2007 and Lesage et al., 2010) that Québec is different; a thorough analysis of the causes of this phenomenon needs to be done. This paper estimates regression models that include a large number of factors such as age, gender, marital status, census metropolitan area (CMA), urban, immigrants, having young children, household type, living arrangement, mother tongue, language of conversation, race, education, income, working hours, part time job, health, physical activity, type of smoker, type of drinker, sense of belonging to community, provincial unionization rate and provincial unemployment rate to examine why there may be a consistent and persistent different between those who reside in Québec relative to the rest of Canada. I find that, even after controlling for those factors, work stress is still higher in Québec. This study suggests that differences in the legal systems and in cultures may be some of the reasons of the differences between Québec and the rest of Canada.

Bakgrund: Personer påverkas olika av arbetsstress. Särskilt som ny sjuksköterska kan arbetsstress vara mer påtagligt. En viktig arbetsuppgift som distriktssköterska är att främja patientens hälsa. Då kan ens egen hälsa kan lätt glömmas bort. Motiv: Att gå från sjuksköterska till distriktssköterska kan upplevas som en identitetskris. En av de vanligaste orsakerna till långtidssjukskrivning under 2016-2018 var stress. Därav är det viktigt att belysa arbetsstress hos distriktssköterskan. Syfte: Att undersöka om upplevd självskattad stress var relaterat till hur länge man arbetat som distriktssköterska Metod: En kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie med ett bekvämlighetsurval. Enkäten som användes var The Work Stress Questionnaire (WSQ), där deltagarna skattade sin upplevelse av stress utifrån deras arbetssituation. 68 enkäter skickades ut till distriktssköterskor i Region Västerbotten. Resultat: Jämförelse har gjorts mellan de som arbetat som distriktssköterska <10 år och ≥10 år. Huvudfynden i studien var att majoriteten av deltagarna upplevde att de trots ökad arbetsbelastning hinner med sina arbetsuppgifter. Många ställer höga krav på sig själv och vissa upplever att de har svårt att säga nej till extra arbetsuppgifter. Konklusion: Arbetsstress upplevs olika från person till person. Att någon arbetat länge som distriktssköterska betyder inte att hen upplever mindre arbetsstress. / Background: People are affected differently by work stress. Especially as a new nurse, work stress can be more noticeable. An important task as a district nurse is to promote the patient's health. Then one's own health can easily be forgotten. Motive: Shifting from being a registered nurse to a community health nurse can be experienced as an identity crisis. One of the most common causes of long-term sick leave during 2016-2018 was stress. Therefore, it is important to highlight the work stress of the community health nurse. Aim: To investigate whether perceived self reported stress was related to how long you worked as a community health nurse Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study with a convenience sample. The questionnaire used was “The Work Stress Questionnaire” (WSQ),where participants rated their experience of stress based on their work situation. 68 questionnaires were sent out to community health nurses in “Region Västerbotten”. Result: Comparisons have been made between those who worked as district nurses <10 years and ≥10 years. The main findings of this study were that the majority of the participants felt that despite increased workload, they had time for their tasks. Many place high demands on themselves and some find it difficult to say no to extra work tasks. Conclusion: Work stress is experienced differently from person to person. The fact that someone has worked for a long time as a community health nurse does not mean that they experience less work stress.

This diploma thesis concerns on very current and important topic, which is the stress of police officers. The text deals in particular with the possible causes that can give rise to stress among police officers and with the differences between men and women in the case of police stress. The third chapter also summarizes the possibilities of psychological support at the Police of the Czech Republic. The thesis also includes research that has a quantitative and qualitative part. The aim of this research is to find out which situations are the most important sources of stress for police officers and whether these resources vary depending on the sex of the police officer. Quantitative research was conducted using the Work Stress Inventory (IPSS) on a sample of 116 respondents. It has been found that the most significant stressor is the excessive amount of administrative activity for police officers. The research also showed a significantly higher level of police stress among female police officers. The qualitative survey was conducted using a semi-structured interview. The sample was six respondents. The interview was conducted mainly to determine possible interpretations of the results of the previous quantitative survey.

The effects of occupational stress on public servants who seek to protect and maintain security for the general public have begun to receive more attention in recent years. Most of this research has focused on police officers. Much less attention has been directed towards other first responders (i.e., firefighters, paramedics) except in comparisons with police samples or inclusion in mixed first responder groups. Investigative efforts that specifically target firefighters and their unique responses to occupational stress, the vulnerabilities of negative responses to stress, and the variables that enhance and maintain resiliency in these first responders is limited. Moreover, cardiovascular risk has been recognized in firefighters. However research has been focused on examining physical variables related to this risk with little attention to psychological contributions, particularly the role of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on cardiovascular disease (CVD). The goals of the current investigation were to (1) review research that has been conducted on stress in firefighters, (2) examine the effects of job stress, length of service, and critical incidents on developing PTSD and CVD risk (3) evaluate the relationship between PTSD and CVD risk in firefighters (4) increase our understanding of the manifestations of stress in this population, and (5) provide organizations and treatment providers potentially useful information for developing and improving assessment and intervention strategies. Firefighters from the Broward Sheriff's Office special operations teams (N=87) were the participants. Self-report measures and annual physical examination data provided information regarding CVD risk (weight, height, blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking, physical exercise), job stress, trauma exposure, service length, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Results indicated statistically significant relationships between PTSD symptomatology and current smoking status, triglycerides levels, and the number of CVD risk factors. Neither the number of experienced critical incidents, nor the number of service years was associated with PTSD symptomatology. Organizational job stress variables were associated with PTSD symptoms, but not directly with CVD risk. Collectively these findings suggest the reaction to traumatic experiences may be a better indicator of PTSD symptom development, than the actual number of traumatic events experienced. Moreover, the presence of PTSD symptoms may negatively influence overall CVD risk.