O presente trabalho apresenta a análise dos estatutos bancários aprovados na década de 1850 no Brasil Império, considerando a trama de negociações entre o governo central e os governos provinciais, bem como a forma de inserção do Brasil na economia mundial do Século XIX, liderada pela hegemonia britânica e por ela influenciada, de modo a identificar a evolução do direito comercial brasileiro com vistas ao desenvolvimento jurídico do tema bancário durante a década proposta. / This essay regards the analysis of Brazilian banks bylaws as approved by the Brazilian Empire during the decade of 1850, taking into account the plot which developed the negotiations between the central government of the Empire and the regional political powers in Brazil, as well as analyzing the insertion of the Brazilian economy in the global market of the nineteenth century, as such market was mainly controlled and biased by the world hegemony established by Great Britain, in order to identify the evolution of Brazilian commercial law in connection with the development of the legal banking system during the proposed decade.

This thesis examines world-system inspired historiography on transition to capitalism in the Ottoman Empire that has been developed as a criticism of the modernization theory that was dominant in the analyses of the Ottoman transformation. It is argued that although the world system inspired analyses overcome the restrictions imposed by the modernization analyses that are based on the deficiencies of Ottoman society compared to the West, they are also crippled with their own restrictions. Considering change as a product of external dynamics, and ignoring internal relations and potentials, it commits the same mistake of regarding the &lsquo / periphery&rsquo / as stagnant and shorn of any life, dynamics for creating change and therefore history. In this perspective, the peripheral societies such as the Ottoman society do not have the potential to be the actor of change but can only be subjected to it. Therefore, it is argued that the world-system inspired accounts fall short in understanding the process of change in the Ottoman Empire and the dynamics behind it. On that account, this thesis stresses the importance of studying the uneven but mutual relations between internal and external factors in order to understand social transformations that occur in and through the social relations and contradictions. There is, therefore a need to develop an account of the transition of the Ottoman Empire to capitalism with the help of such an approach.

O presente trabalho apresenta a análise dos estatutos bancários aprovados na década de 1850 no Brasil Império, considerando a trama de negociações entre o governo central e os governos provinciais, bem como a forma de inserção do Brasil na economia mundial do Século XIX, liderada pela hegemonia britânica e por ela influenciada, de modo a identificar a evolução do direito comercial brasileiro com vistas ao desenvolvimento jurídico do tema bancário durante a década proposta. / This essay regards the analysis of Brazilian banks bylaws as approved by the Brazilian Empire during the decade of 1850, taking into account the plot which developed the negotiations between the central government of the Empire and the regional political powers in Brazil, as well as analyzing the insertion of the Brazilian economy in the global market of the nineteenth century, as such market was mainly controlled and biased by the world hegemony established by Great Britain, in order to identify the evolution of Brazilian commercial law in connection with the development of the legal banking system during the proposed decade.

The scope of this study is to analyse the phenomenon climate migration through the theories Securitization, Externalization of Border and World Systems Analysis. The study seeks answers to how factors and structures have limited the rights of climate refugees in the modern world system by analysing what obstacles and opportunities exist on the issue. The World System Analysis explains the underlying structures of the current world system and how it has generated climate migration as well as states' desire to preserve their sovereignty. The World System Analysis can also provide an explanation how these structures have led to a securitization of migration, which manifests itself through the implementation of several mechanisms such as Externalization of Border to stop the imaginary threat that climate refugees are viewed as. The study was conducted via qualitative text analysis of carefully selected articles and books to bring several relevant perspectives to the study. The study formulates conclusions based on both historical- and contemporary events to bring clarity to the issue on what space climate refugees have in the modern world system.

In the field of environmental migration studies, research on social consequences of  development projects has received limited attention. The study highlights the rise of “green grabbing,” e.g., the appropriation of land in the name of climate change mitigation. While there is existing research on the environmental and economic effects of green grabbing, its influence on migration outcomes remains understudied. To address this research gap, the study conducts an exploratory case study of Colombia, a country plagued by internal displacement. It investigates the correlation between green grabbing and internal displacement, considering socioeconomic and political factors. By combining statistical and historical analyses within the world-system theory and the political ecological approach, the research uncovers structural patterns in Colombia and sheds light on the intricate relationship between environmental initiatives and internal displacement, emphasizing the pursuit of profit within the capitalist world-system. Future research directions suggest the use of mediation analysis and qualitative investigation of policy narratives in climate change and migration.

denna textanalys har författarna Jackson (2009) Prosperity without growth – economics for a finite planet och Wallerstein (2004) World system analysis – an introduction analyserats. Syftet med textanalysen är att jämföra Wallersteins och Jacksons texter utifrån deras syn på det nuvarande ekonomiska systemet och möjlighet till ekonomisk frikoppling. Resultat: Ingen av författarna anser att det finns någon möjlighet till ekonomisk frikoppling men anledningarna till detta skiljer sig mellan författarna. Jackson menar att fortsatt ekonomisk utveckling bland annat är viktigt för att finansiera välfärdsinstitutioner. Vissa former av utveckling har oundvikliga inslag av materiellt behov, exempelvis utbyggnad av infrastrukturer. Därav är ekonomisk frikoppling inte möjlig. Enligt Jackson måste mänskligheten söka mening i andra värden än det ekonomiska. Wallerstein menar att det nuvarande ekonomiska systemet är i grunden orättvist och exploaterar bland annat människor i periferin. Det här systemet kan inte repareras, det är först när det nuvarande ekonomiska systemet, som han kallar världskapitalistismen, försvinner som vi vet vilket system som reser sig ur dess aska. / In this text analysis the authors Jackson (2009) Prosperity without growth – economics for a finite planet and Wallerstein (2004) World system analysis – an introduction have been analyzed. The purpose of the text analysis was to compare Wallerstein and Jacksons texts upon their views of the current economic system and its ability to decouple. Result: Either authors believes that there exist a possibility to decouple but the reach this conclusion in different ways. Jackson claims that furtherer economic growths is important to finance welfare institutions. Some forms of development have inherent materiel need such as further development of infrastructure. This is why decoupling isn’t possible. Humankind have to seek different values other the economic ones. Wallerstein claims that the current economic system in its foundation is unfair and exploit people in the periphery and this system can’t be repaired. First when the world capitalistic economy disappears a new system will arise from the ashes.