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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Polymérisation par plasma froid : un outil pour l'obtention de surfaces fonctionnalisées pour les applications de type biocapteur et pour les systèmes à libération de médicaments / Atmospheric pressure plasma polymerization : a straightforward tool in the design of structures for drug delivery and biosensors

Amorosi, Cédric 26 June 2012 (has links)
La réponse biologique d’un matériau est essentiellement reliée à sa surface : cela souligne l’importance du rôle des techniques de modification de surface dans la réalisation d’une réponse biologique adaptée. Ainsi les surfaces fonctionnalisées par des ‘hydrogels’ minces possèdent un énorme potentiel dans diverses applications. En effet, les hydrogels sensibles au pH et à la température peuvent être utilisés dans le but de libérer de façon contrôlée une molécule dans l’environnement biologique. Ces hydrogels peuvent aussi être utilisés en tant que biocapteur de par leurs fonctions disponibles permettant la reconnaissance spécifique de biomolécules cibles. Différents procédés, choisis principalement en fonction du type de matériau et de la surface à fonctionnaliser, peuvent être utilisés pour l’obtention de ce genre de films. Parmi ces procédés, le choix s’est tourné vers l’utilisation de la polymérisation par plasma dont les propriétés de surfaces peuvent être ajustées en fonction des paramètres de la décharge tel que la puissance électrique, le temps de traitement, la composition et la pression du gaz. / For various industrial applications, there is an urgent need to obtain cost effective coatings having the desired functional groups. Among such methods, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) at atmospheric pressure makes it possible to modify the physical properties and the chemical composition of various substrates. It is possible to control the chemical nature of the resulting plasma polymer by using appropriate plasma parameters to provide homogeneous and pinhole free films with good surface coverage and preservation of the functional groups present in the used monomers. In this way different articles show the possibility of using plasma deposition to obtain coatings with different chemically reactive moieties widely used for applications in sensor technology and in life science. It has been established that through the control of the plasma parameters it is possible to produce plasma polymers coatings from acrylic acid with a high fraction of carboxylic functionality retained from the monomer. In this way, atmospheric pressure plasma polymerization has been used to create coating able to be used as biosensor as well as drug delivery.
2

[en] TAYLOR-COUETTE INSTABILITY IN VISCOPLASTIC FLUID FLOW / [pt] INSTABILIDADE DE TAYLOR-COUETTE EM ESCOAMENTOS DE FLUIDOS VISCOPLASTICOS

OSCAR CORONADO MATUTTI 02 August 2002 (has links)
[pt] A superposição de um escoamento circular de Couette e um fluxo com gradiente de pressão axial, através de um espaço anular ocorre em muitas aplicações práticas, tais como: reatores químicos catalíticos, filtros, extratores líquido- líquido, mancais e o fluxo de retorno de lamas de perfuração entre a coluna de perfuração rotatória e a formação rochosa na perfuração de poços produtores de petróleo e gás. As linhas de corrente curvadas do fluxo circular de Couette podem causar uma instabilidade centrífuga que produz vórtices toroidais, conhecidos como vórtices de Taylor. A presença destes vórtices muda as características hidrodinâmicas e a transferência de calor no processo. Em conseqüência, é muito importante ser capaz de prever o aparecimento da instabilidade. A maioria das análises numéricas e experimentais disponíveis na literatura são para fluidos Newtonianos e viscoelásticos (soluções polimericas). Neste trabalho, o efeito das propriedades viscoplásticas de suspensões de altas concentrações neste tipo de escoamento e nas condições críticas para o aparecimento de vórtices são determinadas teoricamente através da solução das equações de conservação. As equações diferenciais foram integradas pelo método de elementos finitos-Galerkin e o sistema de equações algébricas não lineares resultante foi resolvido pelo método de Newton. / [en] The superposition of a circular Couette flow and a pressure- driven axial flow in an annulus occurs in many practical applications, such as catalytic chemical reactors, filtration devices, liquid-liquid extractors, journal bearings, and the return flow of drilling mud between the rotating drill string and the stationary wall in oil and gas well drilling. The curved streamlines of the circular Couette flow can cause a centrifugal instability leading to toroidal vortices, well known as Taylor vortices. The presence of these vortices changes the hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics of the process. Therefore, it is very important to be able to predict the onset of instability. Most of the available theoretical and experimental analyses are for Newtonian and viscoelastic (polymeric solutions) liquids. In this work, the effect of the viscoplastic properties of high concentration suspensions on the onset of the Taylor vortices are determined theoretically by solving the conservation equations and searching the critical conditions. The differential equations were solved by the Galerkin / finite element method and the resulting set of non-linear algebraic equations, by Newtons method.
3

Polymérisation par plasma froid : un outil pour l'obtention de surfaces fonctionnalisées pour les applications de type biocapteur et pour les systèmes à libération de médicaments

Amorosi, Cédric 26 June 2012 (has links) (PDF)
La réponse biologique d'un matériau est essentiellement reliée à sa surface : cela souligne l'importance du rôle des techniques de modification de surface dans la réalisation d'une réponse biologique adaptée. Ainsi les surfaces fonctionnalisées par des 'hydrogels' minces possèdent un énorme potentiel dans diverses applications. En effet, les hydrogels sensibles au pH et à la température peuvent être utilisés dans le but de libérer de façon contrôlée une molécule dans l'environnement biologique. Ces hydrogels peuvent aussi être utilisés en tant que biocapteur de par leurs fonctions disponibles permettant la reconnaissance spécifique de biomolécules cibles. Différents procédés, choisis principalement en fonction du type de matériau et de la surface à fonctionnaliser, peuvent être utilisés pour l'obtention de ce genre de films. Parmi ces procédés, le choix s'est tourné vers l'utilisation de la polymérisation par plasma dont les propriétés de surfaces peuvent être ajustées en fonction des paramètres de la décharge tel que la puissance électrique, le temps de traitement, la composition et la pression du gaz.
4

NON-ISOTHERMAL NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE EFFECT OF SPEED RATIO AND FILL FACTOR IN AN INTERNAL MIXER FOR TIRE MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Ahmed, Istiaque 13 September 2018 (has links)
No description available.
5

[pt] OTIMIZAÇÃO TOPOLÓGICA PARA PROBLEMAS DE ESCOAMENTO DE FLUIDOS NÃO NEWTONIANOS USANDO O MÉTODO DOS ELEMENTOS VIRTUAIS / [en] TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION FOR NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID-FLOW PROBLEMS USING THE VIRTUAL ELEMENT METHOD

MIGUEL ANGEL AMPUERO SUAREZ 28 August 2020 (has links)
[pt] Este trabalho apresenta aplicações da técnica de otimização topológica para problemas de escoamento com fluidos não Newtonianos, usando o método dos elementos virtuais (VEM) em domínios bidimensionais arbitrários. O objetivo é projetar a trajetória ótima, a partir da minimização da energia dissipativa, de um escoamento governado pelas equações de Navier-Stokes-Brinkman e do modelo não Newtoniano de Carreau-Yasuda. A abordagem de porosidade proposta por (Borrvall e Petersson, 2003) [1] é usada na formulação do problema de otimização topológica. Para resolver este problema numericamente é usado o método VEM, recentemente proposto. A principal característica que diferencia o VEM do método dos elementos finitos (FEM) é que as funções de interpolação no interior dos elementos não precisam ser computadas explicitamente. Isso ocorre porque a integração é feita em funções polinomiais e bases de ordem inferior, permitindo assim uma grande flexibilidade no que diz respeito ao uso de elementos não convexos. Portanto, o cálculo das matrizes e vetores elementares se reduz à avaliação de grandezas geométricas nos contornos desses elementos. Finalmente, são apresentados exemplos numéricos representativos para demonstrar a eficiência do VEM em comparação com o FEM e a aplicabilidade da otimização topológica para esta classe de problemas de escoamento. / [en] This work presents selected applications of topology optimization for non-Newtonian fluid flow problems using the virtual element method (VEM) in arbitrary two-dimensional domains. The objective is to design an optimal layout into a fluid flow domain to minimize dissipative energy governed by the Navier-Stokes-Brinkman and non-Newtonian Carreau-Yasuda model equations. The porosity approach proposed by (Borrvall and Petersson, 2003) [1] is used in the topology optimization formulation. To solve this problem numerically, the recently proposed VEM method is used. The key feature that distinguishes VEM from the standard finite element method (FEM) is that the interpolation functions in the interior of the elements do not need to be computed explicitly. This is because the integration is on lower-order polynomial and basis functions, and there is great flexibility by using a non-convex element. Therefore, the computation of the main element matrices and vectors are reduced to the evaluation of geometric quantities on the boundary of the elements. Finally, several numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the VEM compared to FEM and the applicability of the topology optimization to fluid flow problems.

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