This thesis is basically an overview of juvenile deliquency development over the past years, centering on the Czech Republic, Southern Bohemia and the region of Jindrichuv Hradec. The thesis concentrates on mapping the causes of the most frequent kinds of juvenile deliquency in Jindrichuv Hradec. It takes into account all factors that have an impact on criminal behavior of youths. The research is based on 50 documents stored within the probation and mediation agency of Jindrichuv Hradec. The research concluded, that the main causes of youth deliquency are unorganized free time together with family problems. There's also a considerable influence from the peers. Taking these facts into account, the thesis goes on to outline preventive measures, mainly free time activities, improving legal awareness among the targeted group, teachers' education and strengthening cohesion within a family.

Abstract: Prior research indicates a growing number of Children of Alcoholics (CoAs) in Sweden, and increased levels of externalizing behaviours in these individuals. According to international research, externalizing behaviours as criminality are more often displayed in CoAs than children with non-alcoholic parents. CoAs are also more often treated for panic attacks, depression and post-traumatic stress. The assumption is that high risk parents often have high risk children. With the aim to investigate the relationship between parental alcoholism and youth criminality in Sweden a systematic literature review has been conducted. Five databases were used to find relevant publications; Libsearch, Swesub, Eric via Ebsco, ProQuest and Google Scholar. A total of 530 texts were scanned and 17 studies eligible to inclusion were read and analysed according to PRISMA, a preferred reporting system of literature reviews. Inclusion criterions were; Sweden as geographical area, attention on children and young adults aged 13-25 years and a focus on parental drinking and youth criminality. The publications were also to be peer reviewed and published between 1998 and 2018. Results indicate a significant correlation between parental drinking and youth criminality in Sweden. CoAs display externalizing behaviours as aggression, conduct disorders, antisocial behaviour and criminality more often than children without alcoholic parents. It can be concluded that research on the field of CoAs is not the most researched in Sweden but in line with international findings and would benefit from further attention so we in the future can work with preventive measures based on solid knowledge.

The primary purpose of this thesis was to examine the work methods implemented by outreach workers in their interaction with at risk youths. The secondary purpose was to research the possible difficulties that may occur and the tactics to deal with these difficulties. In order to examine the purposes presented the authors produced a qualitative study with 5 semi-structured interviews with outreach workers. After conducting the interviews, the authors used thematization in order to illustrate the empirical data. The theoretical framework used to analyze the empirical data consist of three theories; the theory of communication, system theory and social bond theory. The results of the empirical material gathered from the interviews and from the analyzation of the interviews using out theoretical framework, provided multiple answers as it relates to the purpose. The results regarding the primary purpose showed that there is a lack of evidence-practice within the field of outreach work, which in turn leads to the fact that there is a vast variety of work methods applicable within their field. The results of interviews implied that outreach workers adapt their work methods depending on the situation and their personal expertise indicating that there are no specific set of methods that have to be used. As it pertains to the secondary purpose a clear correlation is shown between the vast variety of work methods and the many difficulties that may occur. Subsequently the occurrence of the different difficulties ensues based on the diverse established work methods. The study highlights the knowledge, communicational abilities and social skills of the individual outreach worker as way to reduce the probability of the conceivable diverse difficulties from occurring.

The study “social services work against youth criminality” purpose is to develop knowledge about how employees in the social services describe the causes of youth criminality and how to prevent and work against youth criminality. Our data has been collected from five interviews with contributors from the social services. The theories used in the study are stigma, empowerment and Payne ́s three perspectives within social work. The collected data shows that the most important social factors that can prevent and get youngster out of criminality are parents, school and the environment itself. This is what the social services mainly works on with their crime prevention work. The study is based on qualitative interviews, with help from a semistructured interview guide. The main results show that youngsters with poor schooling and parenthood are the reason why they end up in a criminal path. This is also what the social services focus on mostly, in order to prevent youth criminality in collaboration between the social services and youngster's environment, which are primarily the school and the parents. / Syftet med denna studie är att utveckla kunskap om hur medarbetare inomsocialtjänsten beskriver orsaker till ungdomskriminalitet och arbetar med attmotverka och förebygga ungdomskriminalitet. I studien har femsemistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med medarbetare inomsocialtjänsten. Det empiriska materialet har analyserats med stöd i teorierom stigma, empowerment och Paynes tre perspektiv på socialt arbete.Resultatet visar att de sociala faktorer som har mest betydelse för att hindraoch hjälpa ungdomarna ur kriminalitet är föräldrar, skolan och den närmstaomgivningen. Det är vad socialtjänsten främst fokuserar sinabrottsförebyggande insatser på. Vidare visar studien att ungdomar medstrulig skolgång och där det finns brister i föräldraskapet är orsaker bakomatt de hamnar i en kriminell livsstil. Det är även vad socialtjänsten läggermest fokus på. För att förebygga ungdomskriminalitet så krävs det, enligtintervjupersonerna, en samverkan mellan socialtjänsten och ungdomensomgivning som är främst skolan och föräldrarna.

Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka vilka sociala riskfaktorer för återfall i brott hos unga kriminella som presenteras i aktuell forskning. Metod: Studien genomfördes genom en allmän litteraturöversikt med systematiska inslag. Sökningen gjordes i Criminology Collection och Sociology Collection. För utformning av sökstrategi användes SPIDER och de huvudsakliga inklusionskriterierna var kvantitativa, 2010-, riskfaktorer och recidivism. Syntetiseringen gjordes narrativt och studien hade en deduktiv ansats på grund av teoretisk referensram samt induktiv då slutsatserna dras från de delar av resultatet som svar på studiens syfte. Resultat: Resultatet baseras på de 14 artiklar som inkluderats varav inga artiklar från Sverige återfanns i sökningen. De huvudsakliga riskfaktorerna som visade association med recidivism var familjeförhållanden, skola och arbetsliv, umgänge, fritidsintressen och rekreation samt attityder och värderingar. Inga nya riskfaktorer presenteras i denna studie utan redan kända sammanställs och redogörs för. / Aim: The aim was to compile current research to see which kind of social risk factors presented for recidivism in youth delinquents. Method: This study is a general literature review with systematic elements. The search was conducted in Criminology Collection and Sociology Collection. The search strategy was formed by SPIDER and the main criterias for inclusion were quantitative, 2010-, risk factors and recidivism. The synthesizing was done narratively and the study had both an inductive and deductive onset. Results: The results are based on the fourteen articles included in the study, no articles from Sweden were found in the search. The main risk factors that were associated with criminal recidivism were family relations, school and work, socializing, leisure and recreation and also attitudes and values. No new factors of risk were found in this study, instead already known risk factors were summarized and explained.

This thesis deals with the value orientation and life plans of children and adolescents who are placed into young offenders' institutions because of their behavioural disorders. The theoretical part elucidates basic conceptions related to values and value orientations. It applies to individual development, family issues and education, behavioural disorders and refers to the difficulty of education and re-education in school facilities for the practice of institutional and protective education. The empirical part is a combination of a quantitative and a qualitative research. The questionnaire survey was used to determine the value orientation, life goals, preferred leisure activities, some attitudes and information about clients from the young offenders' institutions. The questionnaires were handed over to respondents from the six children's homes with school and young offenders' institutions. The established values hierarchy and life goals were compared with the results of a similar research. The unstructured interviews with children ending the compulsory education were mainly focused on the choice of study and career orientation. The research was supplemented with a case study for illustration and introduction to the issue. Key words values, value orientation, hierarchy of values, family,...