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1	The Ugly Side of the Beautiful Game - Hooliganism in French Football Amado, Carlos Josue 11 November 2008 (has links) (PDF) Football violence was a rare phenomenon in France until the nineteen eighties. Harsh economic times coupled with the challenges of unemployment brought a different type of fanatic to football stadia. To vent their frustration about the economic difficulties of their time, some fans found an easy scapegoat: the increasing number of African immigrants in France. These fans, known as hooligans, have become organized and can be found supporting most major French football clubs, disrupting what once was a relatively tranquil national pastime. This thesis traces their development in France, looks at what they borrowed from Italian and English fan groups, and suggests how their organization is now uniquely French. hooliganism soccer football france immigration unemployment soccer player africa muslim racism trente glorieuses stadium ritual fan fanatic maghreb zidane platini fff champions league fifa uefa world cup Le Pen Roland Barthes psg paris saint-germain om olympique de marseille fc metz lyon olympique lyon boulogne boys south winners Italian Language and Literature